1、Designation: C 1668 09Standard Specification forExternally Applied Reflective Insulation Systems on RigidDuct in Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC)Systems1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1668; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
2、original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the requirements and physicalprop
3、erties of reflective insulation systems applied externally toRigid Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) ductsystems operating at or below 250F (121.1 C). Theseinsulation systems consist of one or more low-emittancesurfaces, such as metallic foil or metallic deposits, mounted onsubstrate
4、s to produce reflective air spaces. Reflective insulationsystems derive their thermal performance from surfaces withan emittance of no greater than 0.1 facing enclosed air spaces.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
5、conversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health pra
6、ctices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 168 Terminology Relating to Thermal InsulationC 335 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Transfer Proper-ties of Pipe InsulationC 390 Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of Therm
7、alInsulation LotsC411 Test Method for Hot-Surface Performance of High-Temperature Thermal InsulationC 1045 Practice for Calculating Thermal TransmissionProperties Under Steady-State ConditionsC 1258 Test Method for Elevated Temperature and Humid-ity Resistance of Vapor Retarders for InsulationC 1338
8、 Test Method for Determining Fungi Resistance ofInsulation Materials and FacingsC 1371 Test Method for Determination of Emittance ofMaterials Near Room Temperature Using Portable Emis-sometersE84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics ofBuilding MaterialsE 96/E 96M Test Methods for Water Va
9、por Transmission ofMaterialsE 2231 Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting ofPipe and Duct Insulation Materials to Assess SurfaceBurning Characteristics2.2 Other Test Method:TAPPI Standard T-512 sp-02 Creasing of Flexible Packag-ing Material Paper Specimens for Testing33. Terminology3.1 Defin
10、itions:3.1.1 Unless otherwise noted, the terms used in this speci-fication conform to Terminology C 168.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 HVAC ductsas pertaining to this standard, ductshaving rigid rectangular or circular cross-section used totransfer air from the air handling
11、 equipment to the conditionedspace and return.3.2.2 insulation spacersmaterial used to form enclosedair spaces that are interior to the reflective insulation system.3.2.3 reflective insulationthermal insulation consisting ofone or more low emittance surfaces, bounding one or moreenclosed air space(s
12、). C 1684. Classification4.1 Products covered by this specification are classifiedaccording to the substrate material and have the physicalproperties as listed in Table 1.4.1.1 Type AProduct with polyethylene foam substrate.4.1.2 Type BProduct with polyethylene bubble pack sub-strate.4.1.3 Type CPro
13、duct with fiberglass substrate.4.1.4 Type DProduct with polyester fiber substrate.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 onThermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.21 onReflective Insulation.Current edition approved May 15, 2009. Published
14、June 2009.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Technical Association of the Pulp a
15、nd Paper Industry (TAPPI),15 Technology Parkway South, Norcross, GA 30092, http:/www.tappi.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.1.5 Type EProduct with kraft paper substrate.5. Ordering Information5.1 Specify the requ
16、ired thermal resistance.5.2 Specify the number of layers of insulation, width,thickness of the insulation system and the configuration of theduct(s) to be insulated.5.3 Special markings, if required, shall be specified.5.4 Special performance requirements, if any.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Refl
17、ective insulation shall consist of low-emittancesurface(s) with substrates and adhesives required to meet thespecified thermal performance and physical properties. Airspaces shall be maintained by use of insulation spacers.6.2 Multiple layer reflective insulation shall be designed toattain the inten
18、ded separation of layers. The design separationshall be maintained by the use of proper size, location andmethod of securing the insulation spacers to the duct system.6.3 DimensionsInsulation and properly sized insulationspacers shall be furnished in dimensions specifically agreedupon between the pr
19、oducer and the buyer.7. Physical Properties7.1 EmittanceLow-emittance surfaces used for this insu-lation shall have a surface emittance of 0.1 or less, asdetermined in accordance with 10.1.7.2 Water Vapor PermeanceThe water vapor permeanceshall be determined in accordance with 10.2 and shall meet th
20、erequirements of Table 1.7.3 Surface Burning CharacteristicsSurface BurningCharacteristics shall be determined in accordance with 10.3.The maximum flame spread index shall not exceed 25 and themaximum smoke developed index shall not exceed 50.7.4 Aging ResistanceThe laminates of the reflective insu-
21、lation shall be tested for aging resistance in accordance with10.4. Three specimens shall be tested. The test specimens shallbe shielded from condensate that drips from the ceiling of thehumidity chamber during the test.7.4.1 After exposure the specimens shall be evaluated forvisible corrosion and d
22、elamination. For purposes of corrosionevaluation, disregard the outer 0.25 in. (6 mm) perimeter. Notested specimen shall exhibit visible corrosion or unaideddelamination of layers.7.4.2 After exposure re-measure the emittance of thesamples. No test specimen shall have greater than 0.02deviation from
23、 the original emittance measurement.7.5 Adhesive PerformanceAdhesives when used shallshow no sign of bleeding when tested in accordance with thetest procedure in 10.5. Disregard bleeding at cut edges.Bleeding or delamination, shall be cause for rejection.7.6 PliabilitySpecimens tested in accordance
24、with theprocedure in 10.6 shall not show cracking or delamination.7.7 Fungi ResistanceSpecimens shall not have growthgreater than the comparative item (southern yellow pine) whentested in accordance with 10.7. Use interpretation of results in7.2 of Test Method C 1338.7.8 Thermal ResistanceDetermine
25、the thermal resistancein accordance with procedures in 10.8. The surface-to-surfaceR-value of a test assembly shall not be less than 95 % of thelabel value when tested in accordance with 10.8.7.9 Hot-Surface PerformanceDetermine the Hot-Surfaceperformance in accordance with procedures in 10.9. Themi
26、nimum temperature requirement is 250F (121.1C).8. Workmanship, Finish and Appearance8.1 The insulation system shall be manufactured, packagedand shipped in such a manner that, when received, it shall besuitable for installation.9. Sampling9.1 Sampling shall be performed in accordance with Prac-tice
27、C 390.10. Test Methods10.1 EmittanceThe emittance of the product shall betested in accordance with Test Method C 1371.10.2 Water Vapor PermeanceThe permeance of the insu-lation product shall be tested in accordance with Test MethodE 96/E 96M (Desiccant Method).10.3 Surface Burning CharacteristicsThe
28、 surface burningcharacteristics shall be determined in accordance with TestMethod E84and Practice E 2231.10.4 Aging ResistanceThe aging resistance of the productshall be determined in accordance with Test Method C 1258.10.5 Adhesive Performance10.5.1 Bleeding and Delamination:10.5.2 ScopeThis test m
29、ethod covers the determination ofbleeding and delamination of the reflective insulation.10.5.3 Significance and UseIt is necessary that reflectiveinsulation not show adhesive bleeding or delamination sincethis could cause a loss of structural integrity, a change to theemittance or a change in water
30、permeability, or both.10.5.4 SamplingA minimum of three specimens of thereflective insulation, with dimensions of approximately 3 by 6in. (7.62 by 15.24 cm), shall be tested. The specimens shall becut from separate locations on a roll or panel of the insulation.10.5.5 ProcedureSuspend the specimens
31、vertically in anoven and heat to a temperature of 356 6 10F (180 6 5C) forat least 5 hours. Determine, under 53 magnification, if theadhesive has bled or exuded through the surface, or if separa-tion of the foil from substrate (delamination) has occurred.10.5.6 Precision and BiasNo information is pr
32、esentedabout either precision or bias of this test method for determin-ing Bleeding and Delamination, since the test results arenon-quantitative.10.6 Pliability:TABLE 1 Classification CriteriaProperty Type A Type B Type C Type D Type EEmittance # 0.10 # 0.10 # 0.10 # 0.10 # 0.10Max. Flame Spread Ind
33、ex 25 25 25 25 25Max. Smoke Developed Index 50 50 50 50 50Hot Surface Performance Min.250FMin.250FMin.250FMin.250FMin.250FWater Vapor Permeance (perms) 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02C166809210.6.1 ScopeThis test method covers the determination ofcracking or delamination of the reflective insulation due to
34、folding and bending. Any reflective insulation product thatdoes not require bending during installation shall be exemptfrom the requirements of this section.10.6.2 Significance and UseIt is necessary that reflectiveinsulation not crack or delaminate since this could cause a lossof structural integri
35、ty and change in water permeability.10.6.3 SamplingA minimum of three specimens of thereflective insulation shall be subjected to two tests: onespecimen shall contain a factory produced edge.10.6.4 ProcedureImmediately prior to testing: (a) Thespecimens shall be conditioned at a temperature of 70 6
36、2F(21.1 6 1.1C) and a relative humidity of 50 6 5 % for aperiod of no less than 24 hours, for the first test. The secondtest shall be at 32 6 2F (0 6 1.1 C) for a period of no lessthan 24 hours. (b) The foil laminate shall be folded inaccordance with TAPPI Standard T-512 sp-02 and the foldededge smo
37、othed, using light finger pressure. The finishedlaminate shall not crack or delaminate when folded to an 180bend.10.6.5 Precision and BiasNo information is presentedabout either precision or bias of TAPPI Standard T-512 sp-02for determining cracking or delamination, due to folding orbending, since t
38、he test is qualitative.10.7 Fungi ResistanceThe fungi resistance of the productshall be determined in accordance with Test Method C 1338.10.8 Thermal ResistanceThe thermal performance of thereflective insulation system shall be determined for a represen-tative specimen for a duct with a minimum dime
39、nsion of 6-in.(15.24 cm) diameter or 6-in. (15.24 cm) square.10.8.1 The thermal resistance of reflective insulation sys-tems for duct application shall be determined in an apparatusmeeting Test Method C 335 and calculated using Equation 9 ofTest Method C 335. Thermal data shall be determined for a t
40、estspecimen installed in accordance with the manufacturersinstructions. End-cap corrections, if used, shall meet therequirements of Test Method C 335. The area used for thecalculation of R-value shall be the exterior surface of theheated test apparatus.10.8.2 The thermal resistance of a reflective d
41、uct insulationsystem depends on the mean temperature, emittance of thereflective surface(s), the size of the air space between theinsulation and the duct surface, and any thermal value from thesubstrate. The R-value shall be determined over a range ofmean temperatures that includes the labeling temp
42、erature of75F (23.9C), and a DT of 30F (13.1C) or larger.10.8.3 The measured surface-to-surface R-values and thecorresponding mean temperatures of the reflective insulationassembly shall be used to obtain an equation relating theR-value to the mean assembly temperature using the Method ofLeast Squar
43、es as outlined in Practice C 1045. The equationobtained in this manner shall be used to calculate the R-valueevenly spaced 5F increments over a range that extends from atemperature that is no less than 25 % of the total measurementrange below the lowest measured mean assembly temperatureto no greate
44、r that 25 % of the total measurement range abovethe highest measured mean temperature. If a single R-valuemeasurement is made at 75F (23.9C) mean and DT of 30F(13.1C) or greater that value shall be reported for thereflective insulation system.10.8.4 The results to be reported as a result of applying
45、10.8.3 shall include all measured R-values and their corre-sponding mean assembly temperatures. R-values shall bereported for the reflective insulation system for the region fromthe duct surface to the insulation outer surface.10.8.5 The R-value used for labeling shall be the value at75F (23.9C) mea
46、n. Additional R-values at other mean tem-peratures are included as required for codes or design calcula-tions.10.9 Hot-Surface PerformanceThe Hot-Surface Perfor-mance shall be determined in accordance with Test MethodC411.11. Inspection11.1 Inspection of the material shall be agreed upon be-tween th
47、e purchaser and supplier as part of the purchasecontract.12. Rejection and Rehearing12.1 Requirements Determined by Visual InspectionSamples shall be inspected visually for mechanical damage asfollows:12.1.1 Surface Punctures shall not exceed one non-repairable puncture per 500 ft2(152.4 m2).12.1.2
48、Damage (bleeding, corrosion) to reflective propertiesof surface coatings shall not exceed 2 % of the insulated area.12.1.3 Improper Assembly (when referenced to manufactur-ers specifications) shall not exceed 1 % of area.12.2 If inspection of reflective insulation specimens showfailure to conform to
49、 the requirements of the purchase speci-fication, a second specimen from the same lot shall be testedand the results of this retest averaged with the results of theoriginal test.12.3 Upon retest, as described in 12.2, material that fails toconform to the requirements of this specification shall besubject to rejection. Rejection shall be reported to the produceror supplier in writing. The producer or supplier has the right fora rehearing.13. Packaging and Package Marking13.1 All insulation products shall be packaged in a
