1、Designation: C1676 08C1676/C1676M 14Standard Specification forMicroporous Thermal Insulation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1676;C1676/C1676M; the number immediately following the designation indicatesthe year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last r
2、evision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the composition, physical properties, and product forms of microporous thermal insulation for useo
3、n surfaces at temperatures from 8080C C (176 F) 176F up to 11501150C C (2102 F), 2102F, unless otherwise agreedupon by the manufacturer and purchaser.1.2 This specification only covers microporous thermal insulation comprising compacted powder, fibers and opacifiers.1.3 The values stated in either S
4、I units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as the standard. The inch-poundequivalents of SI units, given in parentheses, are given for information only and are only approximate.standard. The values statedin each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used
5、 independently of the other. Combining valuesfrom the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate s
6、afety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C165 Test Method for Measuring Compressive Properties of Thermal InsulationsC168 Terminology Relating to Thermal InsulationC177 Test Method for Steady-State Hea
7、t Flux Measurements and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of theGuarded-Hot-Plate ApparatusC201 Test Method for Thermal Conductivity of RefractoriesC302 Test Method for Density and Dimensions of Preformed Pipe-Covering-Type Thermal InsulationC303 Test Method for Dimensions and Density of Pref
8、ormed Block and BoardType Thermal InsulationC335 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Transfer Properties of Pipe InsulationC356 Test Method for Linear Shrinkage of Preformed High-Temperature Thermal Insulation Subjected to Soaking HeatC390 Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of Thermal Insulation Lot
9、sC518 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter ApparatusC585 Practice for Inner and Outer Diameters of Thermal Insulation for Nominal Sizes of Pipe and TubingC665 Specification for Mineral-Fiber Blanket Thermal Insulation for Light Frame Constructi
10、on and Manufactured HousingC795 Specification for Thermal Insulation for Use in Contact with Austenitic Stainless SteelC1045 Practice for Calculating Thermal Transmission Properties Under Steady-State ConditionsC1104/C1104M Test Method for Determining the Water Vapor Sorption of Unfaced Mineral Fibe
11、r InsulationE84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions used in this specification, see Terminology C168.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 o
12、n Thermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.20 on HomogeneousInorganic Thermal Insulations.Current edition approved April 15, 2008Sept. 1, 2014. Published May 2008January 2015. originally approved in 2008. last previous edition approved in 2008 as C167608.DOI: 10.1520/C
13、1676-08.10.1520/C1676-14.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standar
14、d and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases o
15、nly the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.2.1 flexible microporous insulation, n insulationnsulation that is capable of conf
16、orming to a non planar surface beinginsulated without damage over a specified temperature range.3.2.2 rigid microporous insulation , ninsulation that will be damaged when forced to conform to a non-planar surface beinginsulated.4. Classification4.1 Microporous thermal insulation covered by this spec
17、ification shall be classified into three types as shown in Table 1. Typeclassification is based on the physical form in which the insulation is manufactured.4.2 Microporous thermal insulation covered by this specification shall be classified into four grades as shown in Table 2. Gradeclassification
18、is based on the maximum recommended use temperature of the insulation.4.3 Grade 2B microporous insulation is hydrophobic and has been chemically treated to make the material water-repellant.4.3.1 Grade 2B, hydrophobic insulation, will retain its water repellency up to 250 C (482 F).482 F.At higher t
19、emperatures,the treatment will degrade at a rate which depends on the temperature applied. The user shall contact the manufacturer for specificinformation on the lifetime of the treatment at higher temperatures than 250 C (482 F).482 F.4.3.2 Grade 2B, hydrophobic insulation, which has been heated to
20、 the point where the hydrophobic treatment is destroyed,performs as Grade 2 insulation with a use temperature of 1000 C (1832 F).1832 F.5. Ordering Information5.1 The type, grade and dimensions shall be specified by the purchaser.5.2 The purchaser shall specify inspection of the material, where requ
21、ired.5.3 When a certification, test report, or both, are required, it shall be specified by the purchaser.5.4 The purchaser and supplier shall agree whether the insulation shall be supplied plain or with facings to facilitate ease ofhandling, to minimize dust generation, or to resist the ingress of
22、water. If faced, the purchaser and supplier shall agree on the typeand requirements. (WarningThe purchaser is advised that the maximum use temperature of facings, adhesives, and thread isusually lower than the maximum use temperature of the insulation. The purchaser and supplier shall agree whether
23、the facings needto maintain their integrity on heating or whether they are sacrificial ).6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 CompositionMicroporous insulation shall be comprised of compacted inorganic metal oxide powders of surface areagreater than 90 m2/g (3,0523,052 sq yd/oz),yd/oz, powdered inorganic
24、 infra-red opacifiers and man-made or natural fibers orfilaments. Asbestos shall not be used as an ingredient or component of the product.TABLE 1 Types of Microporous InsulationType DefinitionType I Boards Boards are rigid pieces of microporous insulation of rectangular shape and cross-section in wh
25、ich the thickness isuniform and substantially smaller than the other dimensions. The density of boards is in the range 200 to 450 kg/m3(12.5 to 28.1 lb/ft3). They are supplied either unfaced or faced. Facing materials often have maximum servicetemperatures lower than that of the insulation and degra
26、de without affecting the insulation properties in service.Type I Boards Boards are rigid pieces of microporous insulation of rectangular shape and cross-section in which the thickness isuniform and substantially smaller than the other dimensions. The density of boards is in the range 200 to 450 kg/m
27、312.5 to 28.1 lb/ft3. They are supplied either unfaced or faced. Facing materials often have maximum servicetemperatures lower than that of the insulation and degrade without affecting the insulation properties in service.Type II Quilted Panels Quilted panels are flexible panels completely encased i
28、n woven glass cloth and stitched completely through parallelor crosswise in distances from 25 to 100 mm (1 to 4 in.) in order to give flexibility in one or two dimensions. Threadtypes used include glass, aramid, or stainless steel. The density of quilted panels is in the range 190 to 300 kg/m3(11.9
29、to 18.7 lb/ft3). The glass cloth is provided for handling purposes only and embrittles or melts at temperaturesbelow the maximum usage temperature of the insulation without affecting the insulation properties in service.Type II Quilted Panels Quilted panels are flexible panels completely encased in
30、woven glass cloth and stitched completely through parallelor crosswise in distances from 25 to 100 mm 1 to 4 in. in order to give flexibility in one or two dimensions. Threadtypes used include glass, aramid, or stainless steel. The density of quilted panels is in the range 190 to 300 kg/m311.9 to 18
31、.7 lb/ft3. The glass cloth is provided for handling purposes only and embrittles or melts at temperaturesbelow the maximum usage temperature of the insulation without affecting the insulation properties in service.Type III Molded Pipe Sections Molded Pipe sections are half-shells or segments of micr
32、oporous insulation faced with woven glass cloth and high-temperature adhesive for the insulation of cylindrical objects such as pipes. The density of pipe sections is in therange 300 to 400 kg/m3 (18.7 to 25.0 lb/ft3). The glass cloth is provided for handling purposes only and embrittles ormelts at
33、temperatures below the maximum usage temperature of the insulation without affecting the insulationproperties in service.Type III Molded Pipe Sections Molded Pipe sections are half-shells or segments of microporous insulation faced with woven glass cloth and high-temperature adhesive for the insulat
34、ion of cylindrical objects such as pipes. The density of pipe sections is in therange 300 to 400 kg/m3 18.7 to 25.0 lb/ft3. The glass cloth is provided for handling purposes only and embrittles ormelts at temperatures below the maximum usage temperature of the insulation without affecting the insula
35、tionproperties in service.C1676/C1676M 1426.2 Typical facings are as follows:6.2.1 Glass cloth, wrapped around or adhered to the surface of the microporous insulation with an alkali silicate based adhesive;6.2.2 For other facings, if available, contact the manufacturer.7. Physical Properties7.1 The
36、microporous insulation shall conform to the physical requirements described in Tables 3-5, other than for maximumdensity which is provided for information only. Consult the manufacturer for specific design recommendations for all materialtypes, grades, and classes.7.2 The user is advised that some a
37、pplications require knowledge of the thermal conductivity of the insulation material at meantemperatures above those shown. Consult the manufacturer for data at mean temperatures exceeding those listed.7.3 The physical requirements are based on the properties of samples dried and conditioned, or bot
38、h, as specified in thereferenced test methods. Microporous insulation, other than grade 2 hydrophobic, tends to absorb moisture to varying degreesdepending on exposure conditions. It can absorb up to 4 times its dry weight if placed in direct contact with water through improperstorage or application
39、. Proper packaging and storage is required as defined in 15.1.TABLE 2 Grades of Microporous InsulationGrade Grade Temperature of use, C (F), max1 900 (1652)2A 1000 (1832)2BA 250 (482)3 1150 (2102)TABLE 2 Grades of Microporous InsulationGrade Grade Temperature of use, C F, max1 900 16522A 1000 18322B
40、A 250 4823 1150 2102ASee 4.3 for a definition of the difference between Grades 2A and 2B.TABLE 3 Type I BoardsProperties Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 2 hydrophobic Grade 3Maximum usage temperature C (F)A 900 (1652) 1000 (1832) 1000 (1832) 1150 (2102)Maximum usage temperature C FA 900 1652 1000 1832 1000 18
41、32 1150 2102Apparent thermal conductivity W/m-K (Btu-in./hft2F), maxAt mean temperature C (F)Apparent thermal conductivity W/m-K Btu-in./hft2F, maxAt mean temperature C F100 (212)200 (392)300 (572)400 (752)500 (932)600 (1112)800 (1472)0.027 (0.187)0.029 (0.201)0.031 (0.215)0.034 (0.236)0.038 (0.263)
42、0.042 (0.294)0.054 (0.371)0.027 (0.187)0.029 (0.201)0.031 (0.215)0.034 (0.236)0.038 (0.263)0.042 (0.294)0.054 (0.371)0.027 (0.187)0.029 (0.201)0.031 (0.215)0.034 (0.236)0.038 (0.263)0.042 (0.294)0.054 (0.371)0.033 (0.229)0.035 (0.236)0.037 (0.257)0.040 (0.270)0.044 (0.284)0.047 (0.326)0.053 (0.367)1
43、00 212200 392300 572400 752500 932600 1112800 14720.027 0.1870.029 0.2010.031 0.2150.034 0.2360.038 0.2630.042 0.2940.054 0.3710.027 0.1870.029 0.2010.031 0.2150.034 0.2360.038 0.2630.042 0.2940.054 0.3710.027 0.1870.029 0.2010.031 0.2150.034 0.2360.038 0.2630.042 0.2940.054 0.3710.033 0.2290.035 0.
44、2360.037 0.2570.040 0.2700.044 0.2840.047 0.3260.053 0.367Linear shrinkage, %, in the length and width dimensions atmaximum usage temperature, max2 2 2 2Linear shrinkage, %, in the thickness dimension at maximum usagetemperature, max10 10 10 10Water vapor sorption, max, % by weight 10 10 5 10Water v
45、apor sorption, max, % by weight 17 17 5 10Compressive strength, min at 10% deformation kPa, (psi) 140 (20.3) 140 (20.3) 100 (14.5) 100 (14.5)Compressive strength, min at 10% deformation kPa, psi 140 20.3 140 20.3 100 14.5 100 14.5Surface Burning Characteristics:Flame spread index, maxSmoke developed
46、 index, max010010010010Corrosiveness Passed Passed Passed PassedASee Warning statement in 5.4.C1676/C1676M 143TABLE 4 Type II Quilted PanelsProperties Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 2 hydrophobicMaximum usage temperature C (F)A 900 (1652) 1000 (1832) 1000 (1832)Maximum usage temperature C FA 900 1652 1000 18
47、32 1000 1832Apparent thermal conductivity W/m-K (Btu-in./hft2F), maxAt mean temperature C (F)Apparent thermal conductivity W/m-K Btu-in./hft2F, maxAt mean temperature C F100 (212)200 (392)300 (572)400 (752)500 (932)600 (1112)800 (1472)0.031 (0.215)0.035 (0.242)0.039 (0.250)0.044 (0.306)0.050 (0.345)
48、0.056 (0.387)0.070 (0.482)0.031 (0.215)0.035 (0.242)0.039 (0.250)0.044 (0.306)0.050 (0.345)0.056 (0.387)0.070 (0.482)0.031 (0.215)0.035 (0.242)0.039 (0.250)0.044 (0.306)0.050 (0.345)0.056 (0.387)0.070 (0.482)100 212200 392300 572400 752500 932600 1112800 14720.031 0.2150.035 0.2420.039 0.2500.044 0.
49、3060.050 0.3450.056 0.3870.070 0.4820.031 0.2150.035 0.2420.039 0.2500.044 0.3060.050 0.3450.056 0.3870.070 0.4820.031 0.2150.035 0.2420.039 0.2500.044 0.3060.050 0.3450.056 0.3870.070 0.482Linear shrinkage, %, in the length and width dimensions at maximumusage temperature, max2 2 2Linear shrinkage, %, in the thickness dimensio
