1、Designation: C1677 11Standard Specification forJoints for Concrete Box, Using Rubber Gaskets1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1677; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A nu
2、mber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers flexible joints for concrete boxsections, using rubber gaskets for leak resistant joints. Thespecification cove
3、rs the design of joints and the requirementsfor rubber gaskets to be used therewith, for boxes conformingin all other respects to Specification C1433 or C1577, providedthat if there is conflict in permissible variations in dimensionsthe requirements of this specification for joints shall govern.1.2
4、The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C497 Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Manhole S
5、ections, orTileC822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and RelatedProductsC1433 Specification for Precast Reinforced ConcreteMonolithic Box Sections for Culverts, Storm Drains, andSewersC1577 Specification for Precast Reinforced ConcreteMonolithic Box Sections for Culverts, Storm Drains, andSewer
6、s Designed According to AASHTO LRFDC1619 Specification for Elastomeric Seals for Joining Con-crete Structures3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms relating to con-crete pipe, see Terminology C822.4. Basis of Acceptance4.1 The acceptability of the box joints and gaskets shall bedeterm
7、ined by the results of the physical test prescribed in thisspecification, if and when required, and by inspection todetermine whether the box joints and gaskets conform to thisspecification as to design and freedom from defects.5. Materials and Manufacture for Gaskets5.1 The gasket shall be fabricat
8、ed from a rubber compound.The basic polymer shall be natural rubber, synthetic rubber, ora blend of both meeting the physical requirements prescribed inSpecification C1619.5.1.1 Gaskets for standard use shall meet Class C require-ments. Gaskets which require oil resistant properties shall meetClass
9、D requirements.5.2 Circular Cross-Section or “O-Ring” Gaskets:5.2.1 Circular cross-section or “O-ring” gaskets shall beextruded or molded to the specified size within a tolerance of6164 in. (60.4 mm) or 61.5 % of the cord diameter, which-ever is larger.5.2.2 Circular cross-section or “O-ring” gasket
10、s shall havethe nominal design cut length tolerance of 63 % for extrudedand spliced gaskets.5.3 Non-Circular Cross-Section or “Profile” Gaskets:5.3.1 Non-circular cross-section or “profile” gaskets shallbe extruded or molded to the design size within a tolerance of6164 in. (60.4 mm) or 63.0 % on any
11、 dimension, measured atany cross section, whichever is larger.5.3.2 Non-circular cross-section or “profile” gaskets shallhave the nominal design cut length tolerance of 63 % forextruded and spliced gaskets.6. Design of Joints6.1 The manufacturer shall furnish the owner with thedetailed design of the
12、 joint or joints including design anddurometer hardness of the rubber gasket proposed to befurnished under this specification.6.1.1 The joint design shall consist of a bell or groove onone end of a unit of box, and a spigot or tongue on the adjacentend of the joining box.1This specification is under
13、 the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 onConcrete Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.08 on Joints forPrecast Concrete Structures.Current edition approved June 1, 2011. Published June 2011. Originallyapproved in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as C1677 09. DOI:10.
14、1520/C1677-11.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor
15、Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6.1.2 All surfaces of the joint upon or against which thegasket is capable of bearing shall be smooth, free of spalls,cracks or fractures, and imperfections that would adverselyaffect the performance of the joint.6.1.3 The joints of
16、 the box shall be of such design that theywill withstand the forces caused by the compression of thegasket when joined, without cracking or fracturing when testedin accordance with Section 9.6.1.4 The angle of taper on the surfaces of the inside of thebell or groove and the outer surface of the spig
17、ot or tonguewhere the gasket seats shall be not more than 3.5 measuredfrom the pipe axis, except that tapers up to 5 are not prohibitedif proven adequate by plant tests as specified in Section 9 andapproved by the owner. The surface on the spigot or tongueshall be modified to properly position and s
18、eat the gasket.6.1.5 The space between the gasket-bearing surfaces of theassembled and centered joint shall be not more than 75 % ofthe uncompressed thickness of the installed gasket with allmanufacturing tolerances applied. Minimum tolerances shallnot be less than 10 % of the installed gasket heigh
19、t. Theminimum off-center gasket deformation of the assembled jointat design closure shall not be less than 15 %. The joint designshall provide for the deflection of a box unit by opening oneside of the outside joint surface of the joint12 in. (13 mm)wider than the designed position without causing t
20、he deforma-tion of the gasket to be less than 10 %. Where greaterdeflections are required than provided by the joint design,beveled joints or elbows must be provided.6.1.6 The gasket shall be the sole sealing element dependedupon to make the joint flexible and leak resistant. The gasketshall be a co
21、ntinuous shape which fits snugly into the annularspace between the overlapping surfaces of the assembled boxjoint.6.1.7 The gasket shall not be stretched more than 30 %when seated on the spigot or tongue end of the box.6.1.8 Where the particular joint design utilizing a rubbergasket dictates the use
22、 of a lubricant to facilitate assembly, thelubricant composition shall have no detrimental effect on theperformance of the gasket and joint due to prolonged exposure.NOTE 1Joints in an assembled position are defined as joints in theposition after assembly in accordance with the manufacturers design.
23、6.2 Alternative Joint DesignsWhen agreed upon by theowner, manufacturers are not prohibited from submitting to theowner detailed designs for joints and gaskets other than thosedescribed in Section 6. Design submissions shall include jointgeometry, tolerances, gasket characteristics, gasket deforma-t
24、ion, proposed plant tests, gasket splice bend tests, and suchother information as required by the owner to evaluate the jointdesign for field performance. Joints and gaskets of alternativejoint designs shall at least meet all test requirements of thisspecification if permitted by the owner. Alternat
25、ive jointdesigns shall be acceptable provided the designs are approvedby the owner prior to manufacture and provided the test pipecomply with the specified tests.7. Permissible Variations in Dimensions7.1 The planes formed by the ends of non-beveled box shallnot vary from the perpendicular to the bo
26、x axis by more than18 in./ft (10 mm/m) of internal span with a maximum of58 in.(16 mm) for all sizes through 7 ft (2100 mm) internal span, anda maximum of34 in. (19 mm) for internal spans greater than 7ft (2100 mm), except where beveled ends for laying on curvesare specified by the purchaser.8. Test
27、 Methods for Gaskets8.1 In addition to Specification C1619, the physical proper-ties of the gaskets shall be determined in accordance with thefollowing methods:8.1.1 Gasket Volume DeterminationDetermine the vol-ume of gasket sections in accordance to Test Method C497.8.1.2 Non-Circular Shape Gasket
28、Stretch HeightDetermine the stretch height of gasket sections in accordanceto Test Method C497.8.1.3 Gasket LengthDetermine the stretch length of gas-ket sections in accordance to Test Method C497.9. Performance Requirements for Joints9.1 When required by the owner, assembled joints shall passthe fo
29、llowing in plant performance test.9.1.1 Boxes in Straight AlignmentHydrostatic pressuretests on joints shall be made on an assembly of two sections ofbox, properly connected in accordance with the joint design.Atthe option of the owner a second such test shall be required.Suitable means shall be pro
30、vided that allows pressure to beapplied to the joint, either external or internal of the two joinedbox sections. No fillings or packings shall be placed prior to thetests. After the box sections are fitted together with the gasketor gaskets in place, the assembly shall be subjected to ahydrostatic p
31、ressure of 5 psi (35 kPa) for 10 min. Moisture orbeads of water that drip from the joint that can be proven toseal and dry up on retesting are acceptable.9.1.2 Boxes in Maximum Deflected PositionUponcompletion of the test for boxes in straight alignment in 9.1.1,the test sections shall be deflected
32、to create a position12 in. (13mm) wider than the assembled position on one side of theoutside perimeter of each joint and shall be subjected to aninternal hydrostatic pressure of 3 psi (21 kPa) for 10 min.Moisture or beads of water that drip from the joint that can beproven to seal and dry up on ret
33、esting are acceptable.9.1.3 Off-Center AlignmentOn completion of tests in9.1.1 and 9.1.2 the assembly shall be loaded to cause maximumjoint annular space to occur. The load shall be applied such thata differential load across the tested joint of 150 lb/in. (26.3KN/mm) of span is obtained or concrete
34、-to-concrete contactoccurs. The assembly shall than be retested as set forth in 9.1.1.10. Storage10.1 The gaskets shall be stored in as cool, clean, andshaded place as practicable, preferably at 70F (21C) or less.10.2 The lubricant shall be stored in accordance to thelubricant manufacturers recommen
35、ded temperature range.11. Inspection11.1 The quality of the materials and the finished pipe jointand gasket shall be subject to inspection and approval by aninspector employed by the owner.C1677 11212. Certification12.1 When requested by the owner, the manufacturer shallfurnish written certification
36、 that the joint lubricant conforms toall requirements of this specification for the specific gasketssupplied.13. Product Marking13.1 LubricantThe following information shall be clearlymarked on each container of lubricant:13.1.1 Name of lubricant manufacturer,13.1.2 Usable temperature range for appl
37、ication and stor-age,13.1.3 Shelf life, and13.1.4 Lot or batch number.14. Repairs14.1 Spalled areas, manufacturing imperfections, or damageduring handling of each box end are not prohibited from beingrepaired and will be acceptable, if in the opinion of the owner,the repaired pipe conforms to the re
38、quirements of 6.1.2provided the length of a single area to be repaired shall notexceed one fourth of the inside span of the box or the length ofseveral areas combined does not exceed one half of the insidespan of the box.14.2 At the option of the owner, the box joint that has beenrepaired shall be s
39、ubjected to the designated hydrostatic test inaccordance with 9.1.1 and shall be accepted if it passes thehydrostatic test requirements.15. Rejection15.1 Box joints and gaskets shall be subject to rejectionupon failure to conform to any of the requirements of thisspecification. Box that is damaged b
40、ecause of carelessness orcontinuing failure to prevent recurrent imperfections in manu-facture or damage during handling shall be subject to rejection.15.2 Gaskets shall be subject to rejection whenever theyshow surface checking, weathering, or other deterioration priorto installation in the work.16
41、. Keywords16.1 concrete box; joints; rubber gasketsASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent righ
42、ts, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for
43、revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing
44、you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).C1677 113
