1、Designation: C1695 10 (Reapproved 2015)Standard Specification forFabrication of Flexible Removable and Reusable BlanketInsulation for Hot Service1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1695; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in
2、the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the minimum requirements formaterials and fabrication of f
3、lexible removable and reusableblanket insulation for hot service, from above ambient tem-peratures to 1000F (538C).1.2 This specification separately addresses both outdoor andindoor applications.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses
4、are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safet
5、y and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal InsulationC553 Specification for Mineral Fiber Blanket Thermal Insu-lation for Commercial and Industrial ApplicationsC680 Pra
6、ctice for Estimate of the Heat Gain or Loss and theSurface Temperatures of Insulated Flat, Cylindrical, andSpherical Systems by Use of Computer ProgramsC892 Specification for High-Temperature Fiber BlanketThermal InsulationC1086 Specification for Glass Fiber Mechanically BondedFelt Thermal Insulatio
7、nC1129 Practice for Estimation of Heat Savings by AddingThermal Insulation to Bare Valves and FlangesC1263 Test Method for Thermal Integrity of Flexible WaterVapor RetardersD3389 Test Method for Coated Fabrics Abrasion Resistance(Rotary Platform Abrader)D3776/D3776M Test Methods for Mass Per Unit Ar
8、ea(Weight) of FabricD3786/D3786M Test Method for Bursting Strength of Tex-tile FabricsDiaphragm Bursting Strength Tester MethodD5034 Test Method for Breaking Strength and Elongation ofTextile Fabrics (Grab Test)D5035 Test Method for Breaking Force and Elongation ofTextile Fabrics (Strip Method)D5189
9、 Test Method for Temperature Corresponding ToVapor-Liquid Ratio Of 20 For Gasoline And Gasoline-Oxgenate Blends (Bomb Method) (Withdrawn 1993)3D5587 Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics byTrapezoid ProcedureD6413/D6413M Test Method for Flame Resistance of Tex-tiles (Vertical Test)2.2 Other St
10、andards:3E PlusRInsulation Thickness Computer Program NorthAmerican Insulation Manufacturers Association(NAIMA)4MIL-C-20079H Military Specification Cloth, Glass; Tape,Textile Glass and Thread, Glass and Wire ReinforcedGlass53. Terminology3.1 GeneralDefinitions included in Terminology C168shall apply
11、 to the terms used in this specification.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 coated fabric, nA woven fabric coated with a rubberor plastic compound such that the woven fabric material itselfis not exposed to the environment.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM C
12、ommittee C16 onThermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.40 onInsulation Systems.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2015. Published October 2015. Originallyapproved in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as C1695-10. DOI:10.1520/C1695-10R15.2For referenced ASTM
13、standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.or
14、g.4Available from North American Insulation Manufacturers Association(NAIMA), 11 Canal Center Plaza, Suite 103, Alexandria, VA 22314, http:/www.naima.org.5Available from DLA Document Services, Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Ave.,Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, http:/quicksearch.dla.mil.Copyright ASTM Intern
15、ational, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.2.2 D-ring, na section of heavy wire which forms acomplete loop in either a rectangular shape or the shape of thecapital letter “D”, that is used in removable insulation blanketsfor attaching a fabric stra
16、p that secures the blanket around apipe component or piece of equipment.3.2.3 hook and loop fastener, na woven molded fabricmaterial that has small hooks on one part and small loops onthe other such that, when pressed together, they adhere to oneanother and further, requiring a significant force to
17、separate onanother.3.2.4 lacing anchor, na metal disk, located on the outsideof an insulation blanket, that is secured to a pin that passesthrough the blanket; the assembly is used to wrap tire wirearound so as to secure an insulation blanket around a pipecomponent or piece of equipment.3.2.5 lacing
18、 hook, na metal hook that is located on theoutside surface of an insulation blanket and that is securedthrough the blanket; tie wire is wrapped around it so as tosecure an insulation blanket around a pipe component or pieceof equipment.3.2.6 removable and reusable blanket insulation, nAninsulation b
19、lanket, encased in woven fabric and/or woven wiremesh, that has attachment mechanisms designed to allow theassembly to be installed, then later removed and reinstalled,without using any new insulation or fabric materials.4. Materials4.1 Insulation shall be of a flexible fibrous material accept-able
20、for the maximum temperature of the application. Accept-able materials must be one of the following:High Temperature Fiber Blanket per Specification C892, anyType or GradeNeedled Glass Fiber Mechanically Bonded Felt per Specifica-tion C1086Mineral Fiber Blanket, per Specification C553, of the Typesui
21、table for the application.4.2 Material for the outer jacket liner and straps, whereused, shall be woven glass fiber cloth that has been treated witha water resistant compound, such as silicone or fluorocarbon,that is suitable for both interior and exterior use, and having theproperties as shown in T
22、able 1.4.3 Material for the inner jacket shall be the same as for theouter jacket for surface temperatures less than 500F(260FC).4.3.1 For surfaces from 501F (261C) to 1000F (538C)where leaks of process fluids are not expected, the inner layerand gussets shall be one of the following:4.3.1.1 a plain
23、, heat cleaned, glass fiber fabric,4.3.1.2 a Type 304 stainless steel wire knitted mesh madefrom 0.008 in. (0.20 mm) diameter wire with nominal 6 to 8openings per in.4.3.2 For surfaces from 501F (261C) to 1000F (538C)where leaks of process fluids are expected, such as flange pairsand valves, the inn
24、er layer and gussets shall be as specified in4.3.1 and 4.3.1.1 above but also with Type 304 stainless steelfoil that has a minimum thickness of 0.001 in. (0.025 mm).This foil shall be placed between the insulation material andthe outer fabric or wire mesh.4.4 Lacing hooks and lacing anchors shall be
25、 made of 12Gauge, Type 304 stainless steel.4.5 Tie-Down Straps:4.5.1 Outdoor ApplicationsThese tie-down straps shall beconstructed of one of the following three types of material: (1)the same material as the outer jacket, (2) a woven glass fiberfabric, or (3) a tape of suitable thickness with the sa
26、me coatingas the outer jacket material. If the same material as the outerjacket is used, then a double thickness is required with an edgeTABLE 1 Physical and Performance Requirements for FabricsPlain, heat cleanedglass fiber fabricAGlass fiber fabriccoated with Silicone, forexterior applicationsGlas
27、s fiber fabriccoated with Silicone,for interior applications onlyFiber fabric coatedwith FluorocarbonWeight (minimum)oz/sq. yd (g/m2)per Test Methods D3776/D3776M17.7 (602) 16.5 (561) 13.5 (455) 15 (510)Breaking Strengthlbs/inch (kg/cm) perTest Methods D5034or D5035Warp 200 (35.7)Fill 100 (17.9)Warp
28、 225 (40.19)Fill 175 (31.26)Warp 125 (22.4)Fill 100 (17.9)Warp 225 (40.19)Fill 175 (31.26)Tear Strength lbs (kg)per Test Method D5587SeeAWarp 40 (18.14)Fill 25 (11.33)Warp 30 (13.6)Fill 20 (9.1)Warp 40 (18.14)Fill 25 (11.33)Burst Strength psi (kg/cm2)per Test Method D3786/D3786MNot Applicable 200 (1
29、4) 150 (9.77) 200 (14)Abrasion Resistanceper Test Method D3389SeeACS-10 Wheel, 500 g loads500 revs, 15 % weight lossmaxCS-10 Wheel, 500 g loads500 revs, 15 % weight lossmaxCS-10 Wheel, 500 g loads500 revs, 15 % weight loss maxColor beige Gray Optional GrayTemperature Resistance F (C)per Test Method
30、C12631000F (538C) 500F (260C) 500F (260C) 600F (315C)Flame ResistanceTest Method D6413/D6413MSeeAChar Length 1 in. max.(25.4 cm)Afterglow 3 seconds max.Flame out 1 second max.Char Length 1 in. max.(25.4 cm)Afterglow 3 seconds max.Flame out 1 second max.Char Length 1 in. max.(25.4 cm)Afterglow 3 seco
31、nds max.Flame out 1 second max.AMeets MIL-C-20079H, Type 1, Class 9.C1695 10 (2015)2trim sewn in place along both edges. Edge trim shall be appliedto prevent exposed fabric edges. Ends of the straps shall beturned under14 (6.35 mm) to12 (13 mm) inch and double-stitched to prevent unraveling.4.5.2 In
32、door Applications OnlyThese tie-down strapsshall be constructed either of the same materials as for OutdoorApplications, specified in 4.5.1, or of a hook and loop fastenermaterial with a maximum use temperature of 220F (104C).Minimum width of the hook and loop fastener material shall be0.75 in. (19
33、mm).4.6 Drawstrings shall be made from 100 % textured glassfiber sleeving with plain weave,38 in. inside diameter and 0.03in. wall thickness. Drawstrings shall be suitable for 1000F(538C) services.4.7 PTFE-coated glass fiber thread shall be used for servicetemperatures to 500F (260C). Glass fiber th
34、read shall be0.021 in. (0.53 mm) diameter, minimum 20 lbs (9 kg) breakingstrength.4.8 Stainless steel thread shall be used for service tempera-tures above 500F (260C). Thread shall be minimum 0.015 in.(0.38 mm) diameter and minimum 18 lbs (8.16 kg) breakingstrength.4.9 All hardware such as D-rings,
35、buckles, tags, etc., shallbe Type 304 stainless steel.5. Design and Fabrication5.1 Insulated items shall be pre-measured to assure a tightfit. Allowances shall be made for valve bonnet height, glandopenings, protrusions, etc. so as to effectively insulate yetallow future removal and reinstallation.
36、Maximum gap sizeshall be14 in. (6 mm).5.2 Fabricate blankets to allow easy access to valve packingglands and flange bolts without having to completely removethe blanket. All valve blankets shall be designed to permit fullfunction of the valves and not to obscure the valves positionindicator, where a
37、pplicable.5.3 For applications where leaks are expected, any leakfrom the packing gland or flanges must be channeled out of theblanket to prevent soaking the insulation.5.4 Force-folding or bending of blankets is not allowed.5.5 Blankets shall be fabricated with a minimum 2 in. (50mm) of overlap at
38、the end flap to overlap the adjacentinsulation.5.6 Blankets shall be fabricated with parting faces at theblanket low point to facilitate drainage, if possible. Otherwise,a drainage grommet shall be installed at the blanket low point.5.7 Any single blanket or blanket piece shall not exceed 45lbs (20.
39、4 kg). Blankets with a finished weight of 45 lbs (20.4kg) or less shall be fabricated in one piece.6. Construction6.1 Outdoor Applications:6.1.1 All fabric seams shall be either sewn or held togetherwith 16 gauge type 304 stainless steel hog ring staples on 1 to3 in. (25 to 75 mm) centers. Machine s
40、titching shall be usedwherever practical. Hand stitching shall be used when machinesticking is impractical. Sewing shall be double straight stitchedwith minimum 7 stitches per inch. Each row shall be paralleland spaced a minimum of18 in. (3.2 mm) to a maximum of12in. (12.7 mm) apart.6.1.2 All blanke
41、t seams shall be turned in or under and sewnto prevent any raw edges from being exposed on any surface.6.1.3 Gusset-type (straight sides) construction shall be uti-lized for all blanket thicknesses greater than 1 in. (25 mm).6.1.4 Fabric seams shall be inside seams, except that it ispossible that th
42、e final closing seam is an outside seam.6.1.5 Secure insulation within the jacketing with quiltingpins, lacing hooks, or insulation anchors to prevent insulationfrom settling within the cover. These supports shall penetratethe cold face jacketing and the insulation core, but not the hotface jacketin
43、g. Point protectors shall be used to preventpenetration of the hot face jacketing.6.2 Indoor Applications only:6.2.1 All fabric seams shall be as specified for OutdoorApplications in 6.1.1.6.2.2 Gusset-type (straight sides) construction shall be uti-lized for all blanket thicknesses greater than 2 i
44、n. (50 mm).Secure insulation within the jacketing as for the OutdoorApplications or with sewn seams passing through the blanketmaterial on both the hot and cold side.7. Tie-Down/Anchor Strap Construction7.1 Outdoor Applications:7.1.1 The terminal ends of splits in blankets shall utilizeflaps or draw
45、cord/flaps to seal the blankets from wind andwater. Flaps shall have no gaps where they come in contactwith adjacent insulation.7.1.2 Use D-ring type buckles or hook-and-loop tie-down/anchor straps, or both. Lacing hooks and wire shall not be usedunless approved by the Purchaser.7.1.3 If Purchasers
46、approval has been given for the use oflacing hooks and wires, the lacing hooks shall be tufted to thecold face jacketing. If lacing hooks penetrate the hot face, thehooks shall be secured by self-locking washers with a patch ofTABLE 2 Physical and Performance Requirements for Hook and Loop Fastener
47、(for interior use only)PropertyMinimum material width 0.75 in. (18 mm)Minimum Shear Strength, New (per Test Method D5189) 8 psi (55 kPa)Minimum Shear Strength, after 2000 cycles (per Test Method D5189) 7 psi (48 kPa)Minimum breaking strength (per Test Method D5035) 150 lbs/ in. width (173 kg/cm)C169
48、5 10 (2015)3the hot face jacketing material sewn over the washer.Asiliconerubber patch shall be placed between the washer and theblanket.7.1.4 Ends of straps shall be turned under14 in. (6.3 mm) to12 in. (12.7 mm) and double stitched to prevent unraveling.7.1.5 Strap length and number of straps for
49、blankets shall besufficient to ensure a snug and proper fit without gaps orsagging of the blanket.7.1.6 Tie-down strap length shall have a minimum of 6 in.(150 mm) excess length for pulling and securing.7.1.7 Drawcords shall be used where terminal ends ofblankets need to be drawn down around adjacent insulation,valve bonnets, nozzles, etc., to seal the covers from wind andwater7.1.7.1 Blanket shall incorporate flaps at the terminal ends.Drawcord shall be located within this flap.7.1.7.2 Tie-down/anchor straps adjacent to cover ter
