1、Designation: C 1712 09Standard Test Method forRapid Assessment of Static Segregation Resistance of Self-Consolidating Concrete Using Penetration Test1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1712; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or
2、, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the rapid assessment of staticsegregation resistance of
3、 normal-weight self-consolidatingconcrete (SCC). The test does not measure static segregationresistance directly, but provides an assessment of whetherstatic segregation is likely to occur.1.2 The test apparatus and protocol were developed basedon tests with SCC mixtures containing saturated surface
4、 dry(SSD) coarse aggregates ranging in relative density from 2.67to 2.79 and in nominal maximum size from 9.5 mm to 25 mm.For SCC mixtures outside these ranges, testing is recom-mended to establish a correlation between penetration depthand static segregation measured in accordance with TestMethod C
5、1610/C1610M. This test method shall not be used toassess the static segregation resistance of self-consolidatingconcrete containing lightweight aggregates or heavyweightaggregates without prior testing to establish a correlation.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No oth
6、er units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotesthat provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotesshall not be considered as requirements of the standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns
7、, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. (WarningFreshhydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may causechemical burns
8、to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-gregatesC143/C143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-CementConcreteC172 Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed ConcreteC173/C173M Test Method for Air Content of
9、 FreshlyMixed Concrete by the Volumetric MethodC192/C192M Practice for Making and Curing ConcreteTest Specimens in the LaboratoryC1610/C1610M Test Method for Static Segregation of Self-Consolidating Concrete Using Column TechniqueC1611/C1611M Test Method for Slump Flow of Self-Consolidating Concrete
10、3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, referto Terminology C125.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 static segregation resistance, nresistance of a con-crete mixture to segregation of the mortar component from thecoarse aggregate w
11、hile the concrete is at rest and before initialsetting.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 This test method uses a penetration apparatus (shown inFigs. 1 and 2) and an inverted slump mold (Fig. 3). A sampleof freshly mixed self-consolidating concrete is placed in aninverted slump mold without tamping or vi
12、bration. The hollowcylinder attached to a metal rod is aligned in the center of theinverted slump mold as shown in Fig. 3. The hollow cylinderis then lowered onto the surface of the concrete and released tofreely penetrate into the fresh concrete. The penetration depth1This test method is under the
13、jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 onConcrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC09.47 on Self-Consolidating Concrete.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009. Published November 2009. DOI:10.1520/C1712-09.2Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Con
14、crete Testing,Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 04.02.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copy
15、right ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.(Pd) is determined and used to assess the static segregationresistance of the self-consolidating concrete mixture (1-5).45. Significance and Use5.1 This test method is for the rapid assessme
16、nt of the staticsegregation resistance of self-consolidating concrete.5.2 The method is useful for rapid assessment of the staticsegregation resistance of self-consolidating concrete during4The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end ofthis standard.FIG. 1 Dimension
17、of Penetration ApparatusFIG. 2 Penetration ApparatusC1712092mixture development in the laboratory as well as prior toplacement of the mixture in the field. Test Method C1610/C1610M for static segregation of SCC is not sufficiently rapid,and the non-mandatory Visual Stability Index as determinedthrou
18、gh the procedure described in Appendix X1 of TestMethod C1611/C1611M is highly subjective and qualitative.5.3 Appendix X1 provides non-mandatory criteria that maybe used to indicate the degree of static segregation resistance ofself-consolidating concrete mixtures.6. Apparatus6.1 MoldThe slump mold
19、is used in this test method andshall conform to Test Method C143/C143M.6.2 Penetration ApparatusThe penetration apparatus,shown in Fig. 1, consists of a support frame, a metal sleeve, aset screw, a penetration head and a reading scale. The penetra-tion head, consisting of a non-corrosive hollow cyli
20、nder and ametal rod, has a mass of 45 6 1 g. The rod is bolted verticallyinto the center of the top of the hollow cylinder and acts as aunit with the cylinder. The inner diameter, wall thickness, andheight of the hollow cylinder are 75 6 1 mm, 1.5 6 0.1 mm,and 50 6 1 mm, respectively. Holes are symm
21、etrically drilledon the top surface of the hollow cylinder to allow air to escapeduring the penetration test. At least two holes with a minimumdiameter of 6 mm must be provided (see Note 1). The readingscale shall be 55 mm long and marked in 1 mm increments.The scale is mounted on the support frame
22、and adjacent to themetal rod, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. With both the supportframe and the hollow cylinder resting on a flat surface, the topof the metal rod shall be 5 mm below the top of the readingscale (see Note 2). The diameter of the metal rod shall be 4.56 0.5 mm. The inner diameter of the m
23、etal sleeve shall be 0.76 0.1 mm larger than the diameter of the metal rod to minimizefriction as the rod slides.NOTE 1The number and size of the holes may be chosen to be greaterthan the minimum stated in 6.2 to achieve the required mass (45 6 1g)of the penetration head. The hollow cylinder shown i
24、n Fig. 2 is made ofPolyvinyl Chloride (PVC) and has six holes on the top surface; each holehas a diameter of approximately 10 mm.NOTE 2This enables the top of the metal rod to be used as the markfor taking both the initial and final readings since it will always lie withinthe range of the reading sc
25、ale when the surface of the concrete in the moldis properly leveled (see Section 8.5).6.3 Base Plate (Optional)As described in Test MethodC1611/C1611M.6.4 Strike-off BarAs described in Test Method C173/C173M.6.5 Sample ReceptacleThe receptacle shall be a heavy-gauge metal pan or wheelbarrow of suffi
26、cient capacity to alloweasy remixing of the entire sample with a shovel, trowel, orscoop.6.6 Small ToolsTools and items such as shovels, plasticpails, trowels, scoops, and rubber gloves shall be provided.7. Sample7.1 Obtain a sample of freshly mixed self-consolidatingconcrete in accordance with Prac
27、tice C172 or Practice C192/C192M, and place it in the sample receptacle.8. Procedure8.1 Perform the rapid static segregation resistance test on aflat, level, nonabsorbent surface such as a pre-moistenedconcrete floor or base plate. Do not subject the testing surfaceand inverted slump mold to any vib
28、ration or disturbance.8.2 Conditioning the Penetration ApparatusDampen thehollow cylinder, then hold the apparatus in the horizontalposition and release the set screw. Spin the penetration head toFIG. 3 Penetration TestC1712093ensure that the space between the metal sleeve and the metalrod is free o
29、f any obstruction. Tighten the screw softly to holdthe rod in the sleeve.8.3 Setting Up the Inverted Slump MoldDampen andplace the slump mold, with the smaller opening facing down(inverted position), in the center of a flat base plate ormoistened concrete surface.8.4 Remixing of Sample: Remix the sa
30、mple obtained inaccordance with 7.1 in the sample receptacle using a shovel orscoop so that the concrete is homogeneous.8.5 Filling the Mold: Immediately after remixing, takeapproximately 6 L of the concrete in a plastic pail and fill theinverted slump mold in a continuous manner. Pour the concretem
31、ixture uniformly into the mold. Slightly overfill the concreteabove the top of the inverted mold. Strike off the surface of theconcrete with strike-off bar and allow the concrete to stabilizefor 80 6 5 s after finishing strike-off before measuringpenetration.8.6 Positioning the Penetration Apparatus
32、While the con-crete is stabilizing, place the penetration apparatus on the topof the inverted slump mold, making sure that the hollowcylinder is aligned in the center of the inverted mold (see Fig.3 and Note 3).NOTE 3Aligning the corners of the frame approximately on thecircumference of the slump mo
33、ld will ensure alignment of the hollowcylinder in the center of the mold.8.7 Measuring the Penetration Depth (Pd):8.7.1 Initial ReadingHold the metal rod attached to thehollow cylinder with one hand and release the set screw. Lowerthe hollow cylinder carefully so that it just touches the surfaceof t
34、he concrete. Tighten the screw and take the initial readingon the reading scale at the mark that is in line with the top ofthe metal rod.8.7.2 Final ReadingAt the end of the period over whichthe concrete is allowed to stabilize (80 6 5 s after completionof strike-off), release the set screw so that
35、the hollow cylinderfreely penetrates the fresh concrete. Wait for 30 6 2 s afterreleasing the set screw and take the final reading on the readingscale at the mark that is in line with the top of the metal rod.After taking the reading, remove the penetration apparatus.Between uses, wash the penetrati
36、on apparatus and remove anyfree water on the surfaces of the hollow cylinder and the metalrod with a cloth or paper towel.8.7.3 CalculationCalculate the penetration depth, Pd, us-ing Eq 1.Pd 5 d2 d1(1)where:d1= initial reading (mm), andd2= final reading (mm).9. Report9.1 Concrete mixture designation
37、.9.2 The penetration depth (Pd) to the nearest 1 mm.10. Precision and Bias10.1 Precision The estimation of the precision of this testmethod is provisional. Repeatability standard deviations weredetermined on five replicate batches of SCC mixtures at eachof four levels of mean penetration depth (5).
38、At a meanpenetration depth of 3 mm, the repeatability standard deviationwas 1 mm; at a mean penetration depth of 13 mm, therepeatability standard deviation was 2 mm; and at meanpenetration depths of 23 mm and 30 mm, the repeatabilitystandard deviation was 3 mm. The differences in repeatabilitystanda
39、rd deviation are small over the range of mean penetrationdepths of 3 to 30 mm. The average repeatability standarddeviation over this range of mean penetration depths is 2 mm.10.2 BiasThis test method has no bias because the valuesdetermined can only be defined in terms of the test method.11. Keyword
40、s11.1 penetration depth; penetration test; rapid test; segrega-tion; self-consolidating concrete; stability; static segregationresistanceAPPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. DEGREE OF STATIC SEGREGATION RESISTANCE OF CONCRETE MIXTURESX1.1 The criteria for the different degrees of static segre-gatio
41、n resistance are provided in Table X1.1 and are based onevaluations of SCC mixtures with nominal maximum aggre-gate sizes in the range of 9.5 to 25 mm. These criteria weredeveloped through a correlation between penetration depth andstatic segregation measured in accordance with Test MethodASTM C1610
42、/C1610M (1-5).TABLE X1.1 Degree of Static Segregation ResistanceAPenetration depth (Pd) Degree of static segregation resistancePd # 10 mm Resistant10 mm Pd 25 mm Moderately resistantPd $ 25 mm Not resistantAThese criteria were developed based on use of the penetration apparatus withan inverted slump
43、 mold and are valid for SCC mixtures with a total aggregatevolume fraction of less than 65 %. The criteria may be different if a samplecontainer other than the inverted slump mold is used.C1712094REFERENCES(1) Bui V., Attiogbe, E., Vojtko, D., Schaef S., and See H., “A Rapid Testfor Segregation Resi
44、stance of Self-Consolidating Concrete,” NRMCAConcrete Technology Forum, Dallas, Texas, USA, May 22-24, 2007.(2) Bui, V., Montgomery, D., Hinczak, I., and Turner, K., “Rapid TestingMethod for Segregation Resistance of Self-Compacting Concrete,”Cement and Concrete Research Journal, Volume 32, Issue 9,
45、 2002,pp. 1489 1496.(3) Bui, V. and Shah, S. P., “Rapid Methods for Testing Quality ofSelf-Consolidating Concrete,” Proceedings of First North AmericanConference on the Design and Use of Self-Consolidating Concrete,Chicago, USA, November 12-13, 2002, pp. 311- 316.(4) Bui, V., Montgomery, D., Hinczak
46、, I., and Turner, K., “Rapid TestingMethods for Segregation Resistance and Filling Ability of Self-Compacting Concrete,” Proceedings of the Fourth CANMET/ACI/JCI International Conference on Recent Advances in Concrete Tech-nology, Tokushima, Japan, SP 179-6, 1998, Ed. V. M. Malhotra, pp.85-103.(5) B
47、ui, V. and Attiogbe, E., “A Rapid Evaluation of Stability ofSelf-Consolidating Concrete,” Proceedings of Third North AmericanConference on the Design and Use of Self-Consolidating Concrete,Chicago, USA, November 10-12, 2008.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent r
48、ights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at a
49、ny time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below
