1、Designation: C1725 10C1725 17Standard Guide forHot Cell Specialized Support Equipment and Tools1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1725; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A
2、 number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 Intent:1.1.1 This guide presents practices and guidelines for the design and implementation of equipment and tools to assist assembly,
3、disassembly, alignment, fastening, maintenance, or general handling of equipment in a hot cell. Operating in a remote hot cellenvironment significantly increases the difficulty and time required to perform a task compared to completing a similar task directlyby hand. Successful specialized support e
4、quipment and tools minimize the required effort, reduce risks, and increase operatingefficiencies.1.2 Applicability:1.2.1 This guide may apply to the design of specialized support equipment and tools anywhere it is remotely operated,maintained, and viewed through shielding windows or by other remote
5、 viewing systems.1.2.2 Consideration should be given to the need for specialized support equipment and tools early in the design process.1.2.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provid
6、ed for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 Caveats:1.3.1 This guide is generic in nature and addresses a wide range of remote working configurations. Other acceptable and proveninternational configurations exist and provide options for engineer and designer consideration. Specific d
7、esigns are not a substitutefor applied engineering skills, proven practices, or experience gained in any specific situation.1.3.2 This guide does not supersede federal or state regulations, or both, or codes applicable to equipment under any conditions.1.3.3 This guide does not purport to address al
8、l of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with
9、internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A1
10、93/A193M Specification forAlloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting for HighTemperature or High Pressure Service and OtherSpecial Purpose ApplicationsA354 Specification for Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Bolts, Studs, and Other Externally Threaded FastenersA453/A453M Specification for High-Temperat
11、ure Bolting, with Expansion Coefficients Comparable to Austenitic StainlessSteelsA962/A962M Specification for Common Requirements for Bolting Intended for Use atAny Temperature from Cryogenic to theCreep RangeC859 Terminology Relating to Nuclear MaterialsC1217 Guide for Design of Equipment for Proce
12、ssing Nuclear and Radioactive MaterialsC1533 Guide for General Design Considerations for Hot Cell EquipmentC1554 Guide for Materials Handling Equipment for Hot Cells1 This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C26 on Nuclear Fuel Cycle and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C26
13、.14 on Remote Systems.Current edition approved June 15, 2010June 1, 2017. Published August 2010June 2017. Originally approved in 2010. Last previous edition approved in 2010 asC1725 10. DOI: 10.1520/C172510.10.1520/C1725-17.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or cont
14、actASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have bee
15、n made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document
16、.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1C1615 Guide for Mechanical Drive Systems for Remote Operation in Hot Cell FacilitiesC1661 Guide for Viewing Systems for Remotely Operated FacilitiesSI10-02 IEEE/ASTM SI 10 American Nati
17、onal Standard for Use of the International System of Units (SI): The Modern MetricSystem2.2 Federal Regulations:310 CFR 830.120 Subpart A, Nuclear Safety Management, Quality Assurance Requirements2.3 Other Standards:4ANSI/ASME NQA-1 Quality Assurance Requirements for Nuclear Facility ApplicationsANS
18、I/ISO/ASQ 9001 Quality Management Standard Requirements3. Terminology3.1 The terminology employed in this guide conforms to industry practice insofar as practicable.3.2 For definitions of general terms used to describe nuclear materials, hot cells, and hot cell equipment, refer to TerminologyC859.3.
19、3 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.3.1 acorn-head (cone-head) fastenera bolt or screw with a rounded spherical head tapering into a standard hex headresembling the shape of the bottom portion of an acorn (or cone), the purpose of which is used to guide and align a tool onto thebolt h
20、ead.3.3.2 alignment (guide) pina pin used to align two mating components by mating a pin mounted in one component with aprecisely sized and positioned hole in the mating part. Multiple pins are typically required for proper alignment depending on theconfiguration and orientation of the mating surfac
21、es.3.3.3 captive fastenera bolt or screw physically retained on a component that remains attached when mating parts areseparated. Using captive fasteners eliminates the risk of dropping the fastener and helps to maintain the fastener in a ready to useposition. It can also apply to nuts when mating c
22、omponents are too thin for threading.3.3.4 hot cellgrapplean isolated shielded room that provides a controlled environment for containing highly radioactive andtypically contaminated material and equipment. The radiation levels within a hot cell are typically 100 rad/h (1 Gy/h) or higher.a removable
23、 tool that attached by means of a non-threaded connection to equipment and interfaces with an overhead crane orelectro-mechanical manipulator to lift and move the equipment.3.3.5 lifting baillifting handle, hook, or cable generally attached over the center of gravity of the equipment to aid remoteha
24、ndling.3.2.6 mockupa facility used to represent the physical environment of a radiological facility in a non-radiological setting.Mockups are full scale facilities used to assure proper clearances, accessibility, maintainability, visibility, or operability of itemsto be subsequently installed in a r
25、adiological environment.3.2.7 master-slave manipulator (MSM)a device to remotely handle items, tools, or radioactive material in a hot cell. Thein-cell or slave portion of the manipulator replicates the actions of an operator outside the cell by means of a mechanical connectionbetween the two, usual
26、ly with metal tapes or cables. Typically, MSMs have lifting capacities of 20 to 50 lbs (9 to 23 kg).3.3.6 power manipulatormanipulator controlled by an operator outside of the hot cell with the in-cell slave-arm powered byelectric, pneumatic, or hydraulic actuators.4. Significance and Use4.1 This gu
27、ide is relevant to the design of specialized support equipment and tools that are remotely operated, maintained, orviewed through shielding windows, or combinations thereof, or by other remote viewing systems.4.2 Hot cells contain substances and processes that may be extremely hazardous to personnel
28、 or the external environment, orboth. Process safety and reliability are improved with successful design, installation, and operation of specialized mechanical andsupport equipment.4.3 Use of this guide in the design of specialized mechanical and support equipment can reduce costs, improve productiv
29、ity,reduce failed hardware replacement time, and provide a standardized design approach.3 Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http:/www.access.gpo.gov.4 Available from American National Standards In
30、stitute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.C1725 1725. Design Requirements5.1 The complexity, performance, reliability, and life expectancy of support equipment will be determined by the facilitypurpose, configuration, and radiation levels. A production facilit
31、y may require robust designs intended to be extensively used forthe life of the facility. In contrast, equipment for a research or analytical facility may be intended only for limited short-termexperiments.5.2 Present and future radiation levels, chemical exposures, and other severe environmental co
32、nditions should be wellunderstood for their impact on material performance, life expectancy, and disposal.5.3 Limitations of the facility handling equipment should be identified and possible constraints imposed on support equipmentand tools understood. Applicable inputs include lift capacities, rang
33、e of motion, force limits, and areas of coverage. A specificexample is to use the repeatable minimum incremental movement of the handling equipment to size features for easy alignmentwith appropriate tool.5.4 Operator interfaces with handling equipment should also be identified to understand how the
34、 operator verifies successfultask completion or recognizes when a problem occurs. Refer to Guides C1217, C1533, C1554, C1615, and C1661 for additionaldescriptions of hot cell equipment design requirements.6. Quality Assurance, Qualification and Acceptance6.1 Facility owners and program managers shou
35、ld establish a quality assurance program to assure proper equipment operationand reliability consistent with that required for facility operations as outlined by law or the agency of jurisdiction. Qualityassurance programs may be required to comply with 10 CFR830.120, ANSI/ASME NQA-1, or ANSI/ISO/AS
36、Q 9001.6.2 Quality assurance specifications should be established to ensure all procurement and fabrication meets the designspecifications. The level of complexity and risk consequences should be used to determine the level of required certificationdocumentation and the degree of inspection.6.3 Comp
37、onents should be tested in a simulated operating environment (mockup) before in-cell installation or use to verifyremote operability, maintainability, and to reduce the risk of unexpected problems. The level of complexity and risk consequencesshould be used to determine the degree of simulation requ
38、ired to test designs before remote implementation.6.4 Equipment to be used in nuclear or other regulatory controlled facilities may be required to meet specific qualificationrequirements and documentation by the regulatory agency prior to installation or use.7. Remote Handling Features7.1 Manipulato
39、r Finger GuidesGuides for the fingers on the in-cell portion of the manipulators provide positive grips whenhandling items and prevent unnecessary damage and delays resulting from dropped items. Fig. 1 is an example of finger gripsfabricated from sheet metal and attached to a tool. Fig. 2 shows an e
40、xample of flats machined into a round shaft to match themanipulator fingers.FIG. 1 Sheet Metal GripsC1725 1737.2 Positive Latch IndicatorsLatch indicators identify when a component is properly positioned or when a grapple is properlyengaged. Fig. 3 is an example of a positive latch indicator for a t
41、hreaded grapple that must engage mating threads in a non-visiblelocation. As the grapple is threaded into position, the push rod contacts the bottom surface of the mating hole and slides a sleeveover a color-coded band. Full engagement is indicated when the color band is no longer visible.7.3 Lanyar
42、dsA lanyard may be used to secure loose parts at risk of being dropped. Lanyards may also be attached toconnectors or pins to aid in releasing latching mechanisms that are difficult to operate when using manipulators. Lanyards aretypically thin wire ropes that are attached to the part and to a more
43、rigid or fixed equipment item. Fig. 4 shows an example of aremovable pin being secured using a lanyard.7.4 Lifting Features:7.4.1 HooksCrane hooks used in hot cells typically have no motorized rotational capability. To compensate for this limitation,hooks can be modified or an additional special pur
44、pose hook can be used below the regular hook. Fig. 5 is an example of a modifiedhook with an extended nose that guides the hook onto lifting features. Fig. 6 is an example of a detachable treble hook requiringminimal rotation for alignment. The treble hook is also inherently self-standing when remov
45、ed from the regular crane hook andstored. The crane hooks illustrated do not have load locking mechanisms. Locking mechanisms that lock the load into the hookrequire special consideration. As a result, hooks without locks are common and often designed with deeper throats to help secureloads during h
46、andling. When used, locks should be designed so actuator failures leave the lock in the open position. A lock in theFIG. 2 Machined FlatsFIG. 3 Positive Latch IndicatorC1725 174open position should not hinder normal crane hook operation. Manual actuation of a lock limits its use to locations where t
47、helocking mechanisms can be reached with a manipulator.7.4.2 Swivel Hoist RingsSwivel hoist rings have been used extensively in hot cells for lifting equipment because of theirmultidirectional loading capability. They swivel 360 to compensate for pitch, roll and sway when lifting unbalanced loads. F
48、ig.7 is an illustration of a typical swivel hoist ring using a convenient deep-socket head screw for ease of installation.7.4.3 Lifting BailsLifting bails on equipment should be self-standing or have locking positions maintaining clearances foreasy engagement of hooks as shown in Fig. 8. Cable bails
49、 should be constructed from self-supporting stiff material and attachedusing a shoulder bolt with large diameter washer to secure the loop at each end. Fig. 9 shows details for typical cable bailattachment. Bails should be located over the center of gravity to avoid uncontrollable motions when the lifted component becomesunrestrained. Potential shifting of the center of gravity needs to be considered when multiple handling configurations exist, suchas handling a container either empty or loaded.FIG. 4 Lanyard Securing Removable PinFIG. 5 Extended NoseC1725
