1、Designation: C1736 11Standard Practice forNon-Destructive Evaluation of Adhesion of InstalledWeatherproofing Sealant Joints Using a Rolling Device1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1736; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in
2、 the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 The non-destructive procedure described in this practiceinduces a depression (strai
3、n) in the sealant, creating an elon-gation of the sealant and a stress on the adhesive bond at thesealant to joint substrate interface. The primary purpose of thepractice is to reveal sealant adhesion anomalies not discernibleby visual examination, at the time of the evaluation, which mayaffect air
4、infiltration resistance, or water infiltration resistance,or both, of the sealed joint.NOTE 1The nondestructive procedure may require immediate repairof the sealant bead, if failure is identified. Appropriate materials andequipment should be available for this purpose.1.2 This practice is useful for
5、 the evaluation of adhesion ofweatherseals in joints that are backed with compressiblematerials such as backer rod. This practice is not as useful injoints with solid backing.1.3 The proper use of this practice requires a workingknowledge of the principles of sealants as applied in movementjoint app
6、lications.1.4 A sealant fails to perform as a weatherseal when itallows air, or water, or both, to infiltrate the joint. This practicedoes not evaluate the performance of an installed sealant as aweatherseal. This practice is intended to only evaluate thecharacteristics of the adhesive bond in a par
7、ticular installation.NOTE 2In addition to identifying adhesion characteristics of thesealant joint, this practice may provide the user with an indication of othercharacteristics and anomalies including, but not limited to, changes insealant depth, insufficiently sized or configured backer rods, cohe
8、sivefailures, entrapped air voids, and solid contaminants. Anomalies of thisnature may be interpreted and addressed by the evaluator.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.6 The committee with jurisdiction for thi
9、s standard is notaware of any comparable standard published by other organi-zations.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and
10、 determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C717 Terminology of Building Seals and SealantsC1193 Guide for Use of Joint SealantsC1472 Guide for Calculating Movement and Other EffectsWhen Establishing Sealant Joint Width3. Terminolog
11、y3.1 DefinitionsRefer to Terminology C717 for definitionsof the terms used in this standard.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 target depression, nThe amount of depressionneeded to reveal sealant adhesion anomalies, determined eitherin field or in laboratory, during or prior to
12、 a sealant evaluation,when using a device with a rolling component.4. Significance and Use4.1 Many parameters contribute to the overall performanceof a sealant application. Some of the most significant param-eters are sealant joint geometry, joint movement, joint design,sealant movement capability,
13、quality of workmanship, qualityof adhesive bond, and quality of the sealant material.4.2 If a sealant fails in adhesion, there is no straightforwardprocedure for determining the cause. The adhesive failure maybe due to workmanship, the specific surface preparation used,the specific sealant used, poo
14、r joint design, poor bond chem-istry, or other causes. Comprehensive information for the useof joint sealants is provided in Guide C1193.4.3 This technique may not produce useful results when thesealant is in compression. Comprehensive information regard-ing the impact of temperature on sealant join
15、t dimensions maybe found in Guide C1472.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C24 on BuildingSeals and Sealants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C24.30 onAdhesion.Current edition approved July 1, 2011. Published August 2011. DOI: 10.1520/C1736-11.2For referenced
16、ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Consh
17、ohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5. Testing Equipment5.1 Non-Permanent Marking EquipmentThe followingmay be used to perform location marking for repairs of failedsealant adhesion:5.1.1 Substrate MarkingRemovable non-residue tape,non-permanent self adhesive labels, or other adjacent substratemar
18、king devices that will not permanently stain, permanentlyadhere to, or damage the substrate.5.1.2 Sealant MarkingStaples or push pins to affix surveyribbon, or any other device or method that can be applied to thesealant to re-locate the area that has failed in adhesion forrepair purposes, which wil
19、l not pose a hazard to technicians orpedestrians.5.2 Evaluation DeviceDevice with a rolling componentthat has a non-sharp convex edge profile, and a minimum widthof 1.5 mm. Rolling component width may impact repeatabilityof the evaluation, and should be reported per 8.1.11.6. Summary of Practice6.1
20、This practice induces a depression (strain) in the curedsealant, creating an elongation of the sealant and a stress on theadhesive bond at the sealant to joint substrate interface.Pressure is applied to the surface of the sealant near the centerof the joint by the evaluation device. The sealant is d
21、epressedby the evaluation device, and an elongation of the sealantoccurs; the amount of elongation should be based on jointdesign, or joint width, or both, and should produce theelongation within the limits of the joint design. The evaluationdevice uses a rolling component to continuously press into
22、 thesealant along a length of sealant joint (Fig. 1).7. Procedures7.1 The procedure makes use of rolling devices able toimpart force against the surface of the cured sealant, creating adepression. Sealant should be cured for at least the minimumtime recommended by the manufacturer. The procedures in
23、-clude depression inducement that is manually or guide wheel-maintained, and force control that is automatically maintainedby the device used.7.2 The required force producing a strain in the sealant anda stress on the bond line is determined per procedure below.NOTE 3If an applied force depresses th
24、e sealant more than itsmovement capability, the sealant may be damaged adhesively or cohe-sively. Therefore, care is needed to avoid over-straining the sealant.7.3 Depression Inducement ProcedureThis proceduremakes use of a hand-held device such as a window screenNOTE 1As shown, this practice uses a
25、 device with a rolling component to apply force and induce a depression in the sealant, stressing the adhesionof the sealant on the bond line.FIG. 1 Evaluation Device with Rolling ComponentC1736 112insertion roller, a backer rod insertion device, or any other suchdevice that includes a rolling compo
26、nent with a convex edgeprofile. The rolling component shall have no sharp edges, andbe at least 3 mm narrower than the joint sealant to be evaluated.The rolling device must pass along the approximate centerlineof the sealant, attempting to control the depression by manuallyvarying the force on the r
27、oller. By imposing a consistentdepression in the sealant, adhesion loss as well as othercharacteristics and anomalies described in 1.4 can be identified.7.4 Force Control ProcedureThis procedure makes use ofa hand-held pneumatic device that includes a rolling compo-nent with a convex edge profile. T
28、he rolling component shallhave no sharp edges, and be at least 3 mm narrower than thejoint to be evaluated. The rolling device must pass along theapproximate centerline of the sealant. By imposing a consistentforce to the sealant, adhesion loss as well as other character-istics and anomalies describ
29、ed in 1.4 can be identified.7.4.1 RepeatabilityThe device must be able to provideempirical repeatable data wherein sealant deflections resultingfrom the consistent force delivered by the device to the sealantdoes not deviate outside of a range of 61 mm regardless of thesealant configuration, as meas
30、ured with a dial indicator on theopposite side of the bead.7.4.2 Pressure MaintenanceThe device must be able tomaintain continuous consistent force, returning to equilibriumfrom rapid thrusts of the device in or out of the joint in 0.5 s orless.7.4.3 Force AdjustmentThe force in the device and on th
31、erolling component must be adjustable in order to produce acontrolled strain in the sealant and stress on the bond linesufficient to reveal adhesion anomalies, but less than an amountthat could harm the weatherseal.7.4.3.1 Calibration of ForceThe amount of force appliedto the sealant to create an ef
32、fective bond line stress will vary,depending on a given sealants designed properties in combi-nation with a specific sealant configuration. It is important,when calibrating the device in-laboratory or in-field, to estab-lish a sealant force target(s) for a given evaluation thatproduces an appropriat
33、e bond line stress.7.5 These procedures can be used for continuous evaluationof 100 % of the sealant or for any areas where conditionsinconsistent with the practices of Guide C1193 are suspected.8. Reporting Guide8.1 A comprehensive report will include the followingitems:8.1.1 Physical address and a
34、ge of the building, generaldescription of building, and number of floors in the building.8.1.2 Evaluating agency, name(s) of technicians, specifyingauthority, and relevant observers present during evaluation.8.1.3 General description of the evaluation.8.1.4 Date, time, temperature, and general weath
35、er condi-tions during evaluation. This information should be loggeddaily, and may be keyed to specific grid locations on thebuilding when the information has particular relevance; forexample, when joint size changes are significant due to thermalmovement (see 4.3).8.1.5 Area(s) evaluated according t
36、o grid locations on thebuilding, and total length of sealant evaluated by this practicecompared to total amount of sealant installed (“X” % of totalsealant installation).8.1.6 Target depression used during evaluation when using7.3 (depression inducement), or calibration criteria and forceused during
37、 evaluation when using 7.4 (force control).8.1.7 Details of evaluated area(s): Substrate type(s), type ofsealant, general condition of sealant, age of sealant (dates ofsealant installation) if information is available, width range ofthe sealed joint(s), and movement capability of sealant asdefined b
38、y the manufacturer.8.1.8 Supporting photos, or sketches, or both, that graphi-cally illustrate the evaluation.8.1.9 Sealant adhesive failures should be reported; addi-tional irregularities that could compromise the long- termperformance of the sealant, listed in Note 2, may also bereported.8.1.10 Se
39、alant adhesion failure reported as a fraction of totalsealant installation tested provides statistical relevance to theevaluation. Sealant adhesion failure rate (R) is calculated bydividing the total length of adhesively failed sealant (F)bythetotal length of sealant tested (T), or F 4 T = R.8.1.10.
40、1 Example100 cm of adhesively failed sealantdivided by 10 000 cm of total sealant tested = 0.01 (Rate ofadhesive sealant failure). (100 cm) 4 (10 000 cm) = (0.01)8.1.11 Type of evaluation device used, width of rollingcomponent used, and procedure chosen, that is, depressioninducement (7.3) or force
41、control (7.4).8.2 If a comprehensive report is not required, the evaluatormay use those parts of the reporting guide that are mostapplicable to the needs of the project.9. Repair9.1 Contact the sealant manufacturer (if known) for specificrecommendations for the repair of the sealant found to bedefic
42、ient or damaged during the evaluation.10. Keywords10.1 continuous sealant evaluation; cured; joint; non-destructive evaluation; rolling device; sealant failure inadhesionC1736 113ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item me
43、ntionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committe
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45、ng of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO
46、 Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).C1736 114
