ASTM C1799 C1799M-2014 Standard Guide to Dimension Stone Test Specimen Sampling and Preparation《规格石料试样取样和制备的标准指南》.pdf
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1、Designation: C1799/C1799M 14Standard Guide toDimension Stone Test Specimen Sampling and Preparation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1799/C1799M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last
2、revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONDimension stones are products of nature, and as such, are subject to the variability andunpredictability that is associated
3、 with all products harvested in nature. Testing of dimension stonesto generate reliable data on which engineering decisions can be based has been a standard procedurein the industry for decades. The reliability of the data produced is largely influenced by the care andprotocol used in obtaining and
4、preparing the stone test specimens.1. Scope1.1 This guide covers sampling, selection, preparation, andconditioning of specimens that will be used to test materialproperties of dimension stone.1.2 This guide sets forth basic recommendations for sam-pling and preparation of dimension stone test specim
5、ens andprovides information regarding variables that should be con-sidered.1.3 This guide is intended to be used by architects,engineers, contractors and material suppliers who design,select, specify, install, purchase, fabricate, finish, or test naturalstone products for construction applications.1
6、.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith t
7、he standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.
8、Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:C97 Test Methods for Absorption and Bulk Specific Gravityof Dimension StoneC99 Test Method for Modulus of Rupture of DimensionStoneC119 Terminology Relating to Dimension StoneC120 Test Methods of Flexure Testing of Slate (BreakingLoad, Modulus of Rupture, Modul
9、us of Elasticity)C121 Test Method for Water Absorption of SlateC170 Test Method for Compressive Strength of DimensionStoneC217 Test Method for Weather Resistance of SlateC241 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Stone Sub-jected to Foot TrafficC880 Test Method for Flexural Strength of Dimension St
10、oneC1352 Test Method for Flexural Modulus of Elasticity ofDimension StoneC1353 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of DimensionStone Subjected to Foot Traffic Using a Rotary Platform,Double-Head Abraser3. Terminology3.1 Refer to Terminology C119.3.2 Definitions:3.2.1 samplea small part or quantity o
11、f stone, usually aslab, panel, or ashlar, that is cut from a larger block of stone.3.2.2 specifying authorityparty requiring testing of di-mension stone material.3.2.3 specimenan individual piece of stone that is cutfrom a sample to be used for physical or mechanical testing.4. Significance and Use4
12、.1 The purpose of testing dimension stone is to quantify thevarious material properties of the stone. The test shouldconsistently predict performance of the stone in a specificapplication. Many of the test methods that have been devel-oped are specific and attempt to approximate the anticipatedbehav
13、ior of the stone in the manner that is intended to be used,1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C18 onDimension Stone and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C18.08 onSelection of Dimension Stone.Current edition approved May 1, 2014. Published June 2014. DOI: 10.152
14、0/C1799_C1799M-14.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1such as flexural strength, compressive strength, and anchorstrength. Other test methods provide general information aboutthe stone, such as absorption and density. Test
15、 data provides thedesigner with information required to produce rational designsand assess if the stone will perform adequately for its intendeduse.5. Selection Considerations5.1 Natural stone test specimen selection is complicated bythe anisotropic structure of most dimension stone. The term“rift”
16、is used to describe the direction along which a dimensionstone is most easily split. In some stone species, specifically thesedimentary stones such as limestone, sandstone and travertine,the rift direction and associated behavior can be pronounced,and is typically coincident with the natural bedding
17、 planesvisible in the stone deposit.5.2 Within the stone quarry, the in-situ orientation of thesebedding planes may follow horizontal, mountain slope, orrandom directional trends. In other stone species of metamor-phic or igneous origin, the presence of rift and, therefore, theanisotropy of the ston
18、e, tends to be milder. Exceptions to thisrule are common, and stones of any formation type can beextremely anisotropic to nearly isotropic in both visual andmechanical properties.5.3 Historically, all stones were considered to have a weakand a strong direction relative to their rift or bedding plane
19、direction, or both. Commercially, the terms “fleuri” and “vein”are used to describe slabs that are cut parallel or perpendicular,respectively, to the bedding planes (Fig. 1). Test procedureswere written to address this directional specificity and requiredtest specimens to be cut for parallel loading
20、 or perpendicularloading, relative to the rift of the stone. Specific to bendingstrength specimens, a perpendicularly loaded test specimen isone that has the rift planes roughly parallel to the largest faceof the sample, while a parallel loaded test specimen is one thathas the rift planes roughly pa
21、rallel to the end planes of the testspecimen (see Fig. 2). Generally, a stone will demonstrate itsgreatest strength in a perpendicularly loaded test specimen andits lowest strength in a parallel loaded test specimen. It may bepossible to identify a third orientation, but since its strengthwould logi
22、cally fall between the true parallel and true perpen-dicular orientations, it is not normally sampled.5.4 The historic sampling procedures are obtainable whenthe fabricator of the stone has access to cubic blocks of thematerial. Slabs must be cut from two perpendicular faces of theblock to establish
23、 the proper rift plane orientation in the testspecimens. Two practical problems exist with this practice.5.4.1 For visual or aesthetic reasons, or both, many differenttypes of stone are only sawn in one direction. If the slabs areonly to be supplied in one direction relative to the rift, thentesting
24、 in the other direction may produce data of no practicalvalue and simply add unnecessary expense to the project.5.4.2 Many materials are imported in slab form only, inwhich case the fabricator does not have access to cubic formquarry blocks from which the correct orientations can beobtained.5.4.2.1
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