1、Designation: C1802 14Standard Specification forDesign, Testing, Manufacture, Selection, and Installation ofFabricated Metal Access Hatches for Utility, Water, andWastewater Structures1,2This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1802; the number immediately following the designation indica
2、tes the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the design, testin
3、g,manufacture, selection, and installation of fabricated metalaccess hatches for utility, water, and wastewater structuresincluding utility vaults, drainage structures, valve vaults, metervaults, wet wells, pump enclosures, utility trenches, pipingtrenches, and drainage trenches.1.2 This specificati
4、on is applicable to various configurationsof access hatches constructed of fabricated metal of variousmaterials and grades for various loading conditions, trafficspeeds, or both.1.3 Engineering design and testing criteria are provided foraccess hatches to be located in various areas subjected tovari
5、ous loading conditions, traffic speed, frequency, or combi-nations thereof.1.4 Production loading criteria is provided to allow theaccess hatches to be tested to verify the load capacity of themanufactured hatches.1.5 Hatch loading selection guidelines are included to allowselection of the proper ha
6、tch design loading for the conditionsof the actual area of placement.1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered the standard.1.7 This sta
7、ndard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1
8、ASTM Standards:3A36/A36M Specification for Carbon Structural SteelA53/A53M Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded and SeamlessA123/A123M Specification for Zinc (Hot-Dip Galvanized)Coatings on Iron and Steel ProductsA176 Specification for Stainless and Heat-Resisting
9、 Chro-mium Steel Plate, Sheet, and StripA240/A240M Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for PressureVessels and for General ApplicationsA242/A242M Specification for High-Strength Low-AlloyStructural SteelA276 Specification for Stainless Steel Bars an
10、d ShapesA325 Specification for Structural Bolts, Steel, Heat Treated,120/105 ksi Minimum Tensile StrengthA490 Specification for Structural Bolts, Alloy Steel, HeatTreated, 150 ksi Minimum Tensile StrengthA500/A500M Specification for Cold-Formed Welded andSeamless Carbon Steel Structural Tubing in Ro
11、unds andShapesA514/A514M Specification for High-Yield-Strength,Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Plate, Suitable forWeldingA529/A529M Specification for High-Strength Carbon-Manganese Steel of Structural QualityA572/A572M Specification for High-Strength Low-AlloyColumbium-Vanadium Structural SteelA58
12、8/A588M Specification for High-Strength Low-AlloyStructural Steel, up to 50 ksi 345 MPa Minimum YieldPoint, with Atmospheric Corrosion ResistanceA618/A618M Specification for Hot-Formed Welded and1This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C27 on PrecastConcrete Products and is the
13、 direct responsibility of Subcommittee C27.10 onUtility Structures.Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2014. Published January 2015. DOI: 10.1520/C1802-14.2This specification is primarily a design, testing, manufacturing, selection,purchasing, and installation specification. The successful performance
14、 of thisproduct depends upon the proper selection of the loading criteria based on theproducts actual use and the products proper installation. The purchaser of thefabricated metal access hatches specified herein is cautioned that proper correlationof the loading conditions, proper installation for
15、the hatch specified, and provisionfor inspection of the installation at the construction site, are required.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the stan
16、dards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1Seamless High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural TubingA656/A656M Specification for Hot-Rolled Structural Steel,High-Strength Low-Alloy Plate wi
17、th Improved Formabil-ityA666 Specification forAnnealed or Cold-WorkedAusteniticStainless Steel Sheet, Strip, Plate, and Flat BarA786/A786M Specification for Hot-Rolled Carbon, Low-Alloy, High-Strength Low-Alloy, and Alloy Steel FloorPlatesA847/A847M Specification for Cold-Formed Welded andSeamless H
18、igh-Strength, Low-Alloy Structural Tubingwith Improved Atmospheric Corrosion ResistanceA852/A852M Specification for Quenched and TemperedLow-Alloy Structural Steel Plate with 70 ksi 485 MPaMinimum Yield Strength to 4 in. 100 mm Thick (With-drawn 2010)4A913/A913M Specification for High-Strength Low-A
19、lloySteel Shapes of Structural Quality, Produced by Quench-ing and Self-Tempering Process (QST)A992/A992M Specification for Structural Steel ShapesB209 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-AlloySheet and PlateB210 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-AlloyDrawn Seamless TubesB211 Specification
20、 for Aluminum and Aluminum-AlloyRolled or Cold Finished Bar, Rod, and WireB221 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Ex-truded Bars, Rods, Wire, Profiles, and TubesB241/B241M Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Seamless Pipe and Seamless Extruded TubeB247 Specification for Aluminum
21、 and Aluminum-Alloy DieForgings, Hand Forgings, and Rolled Ring ForgingsB308/B308M Specification for Aluminum-Alloy 6061-T6Standard Structural ProfilesB316/B316M Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Rivet and Cold-Heading Wire and RodsB429/B429M Specification for Aluminum-Alloy ExtrudedStru
22、ctural Pipe and TubeB632/B632M Specification for Aluminum-Alloy RolledTread PlateB928/B928M Specification for High MagnesiumAluminum-Alloy Sheet and Plate for Marine Service andSimilar EnvironmentsC478 Specification for Precast Reinforced Concrete Man-hole SectionsC857 Practice for Minimum Structura
23、l Design Loading forUnderground Precast Concrete Utility StructuresC890 Practice for Minimum Structural Design Loading forMonolithic or Sectional Precast Concrete Water andWastewater StructuresE4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing MachinesE2309/E2309M Practices for Verification of Displacem
24、entMeasuring Systems and Devices Used in Material TestingMachinesF467 Specification for Nonferrous Nuts for General UseF468 Specification for Nonferrous Bolts, Hex Cap Screws,Socket Head Cap Screws, and Studs for General Use2.2 AASHTO Standards and Specifications:5AASHTO Standard Specifications for
25、Highway Bridges(current edition)AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specification (current edi-tion)2.3 The American Institute of Steel Construction Specifica-tions:6ANSI/AISC 360 Specification for Structural Steel Buildings(current edition)2.4 ASCE Specifications:7SEI/ASCE 8 Specification for the Design of C
26、old-FormedStainless Steel Structural Members (current edition)2.5 The Aluminum Association:8Aluminum Design Manual (current edition)2.6 The American Welding Society Codes:9D1.1 Structural Welding CodeSteel (current edition)D1.2 Structural Welding CodeAluminum (current edition)D1.6 Structural Welding
27、 CodeStainless Steel (current edi-tion)2.7 The U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Avia-tion Administration Advisory Circulars:10Advisory Circular No. 150/5320-6E3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 AA, nAluminum Association.3.1.2 access hatch, nan assembly of a hatch door andoptional frame pro
28、viding a horizontal structural covering of anopening that provides access to the structure below.3.1.3 access hatch door, nthe access hatch horizontalcover that is either removable or hinged to provide access tothe structure below.3.1.4 access hatch frame, nthe perimeter fabricationaround an access
29、hatch door that provides attachment to theopening in the structure below.3.1.5 AISC, nAmerican Institute of Steel Construction.3.1.6 ASCE, nAmerican Society of Civil Engineers.3.1.7 ASTM, nASTM International.3.1.8 ASD, nallowable stress design.3.1.9 AWS, nAmerican Welding Society.4The last approved
30、version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.5Available from American Association of State Highway and TransportationOfficials (AASHTO), 444 N. Capitol St., NW, Suite 249, Washington, DC 20001,http:/www.transportation.org.6Available fromAmerican Institute of Steel Construction (A
31、ISC), 1 East WackerDrive, Suite 3100, Chicago, Illinois 60601, http:/www.aisc.org.7Available from American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), 1801 AlexanderBell Drive, Reston, Virginia, 20191, http:/www.asce.org.8Available from TheAluminumAssociation (AA), 1525 Wilson Blvd Suite 600,Arlington Virgin
32、ia, 22209, http:/www.aluminum.org.9Available from The American Welding Society (AWS), 8669 NW 36 Street no.130, Doral, Florida, 33166, http:/www.aws.org.10Available from The U.S. Department of Transportation Federal AviationAdministration, http:/www.faa.gov.C1802 1423.1.10 fabricated metal, nan asse
33、mbly of cut, bent, ormachined metal parts that are welded or bolted together tobecome the final assembly.3.1.11 finite element modeling, nto numerically threedimensionally model an assembly by subdividing the assemblyinto smaller elements and applying a load to determine thestresses in each of the e
34、lements.3.1.12 load level, na number between one and ten thatcorresponds to the description of the loads and applicable usein this specification.3.1.13 LRFD, nload and resistance factor design.3.1.14 production loading, vtest loading to a force levelless than yield strength to verify the load capaci
35、ty of themanufactured hatch.3.1.15 proof loading, vtest loading to a force level of theload times a safety factor to prove the design of an accesshatch.3.1.16 protective coatings, ngalvanizing, painting, orpowder coating metal surfaces to provide corrosion and envi-ronmental protection.3.1.17 purcha
36、ser, nthe person or entity buying an accesshatch from the manufacturer.3.1.18 structural stiffeners, nstructural metallic shapes orbent metallic shapes attached to the bottom of the top platesurface of an access door to strengthen its structural properties.3.1.19 top plate, nthe metallic top surface
37、 of an accessdoor that receives the pedestrian or vehicular load directly.3.1.20 ultimate strength, nthe stress of a metallic materialwhen failure occurs.3.1.21 ultimate strength load, nthe “safety” factored loadobtained by applying a load factor to the load.3.1.22 weld filler, nthe material deposit
38、ed by a weldingoperation.3.1.23 working stress load, nload applied without loadfactors, but with capacity reduction factors applied to thematerials being utilized.3.1.24 yield strength, nthe stress of a metallic materialwhen permanent deflection first occurs and as tested at 0.2 %offset.4. Significa
39、nce and Use4.1 This specification is intended to standardize the mini-mum load level criteria for structural design of fabricated metalaccess hatches.4.2 The users are cautioned that they must properly identifythe anticipated current and future anticipated field loadingconditions and requirements wi
40、th the design loads. It is notprohibited for field conditions to dictate loads greater than theminimum load levels presented here.5. Designation5.1 The fabricated metal hatches manufactured in accor-dance with this specification shall be legibly marked with themanufacturers name or trademark, the sp
41、ecificationdesignation, the load level, the nominal opening dimensionsunless included in the part number, and the month and year ofmanufacture or a serial number on the inside of the accesshatch cover or frame as described in Section 21.6. Basis of Acceptance6.1 Acceptability of the access hatches s
42、hall be determinedbased on the design in accordance with Section 9, the physicalrequirements described in Sections 1318, the materialrequirements described in Section 7, and physical inspection ofthe access hatches.6.2 Access hatches shall be considered ready for acceptancewhen they conform to all r
43、equirements of this specification.7. Materials7.1 The material of each component of the access hatchassembly shall be suitable for its specific application within theassembly, to be determined by the expected function, therequired strength, and the environmental exposure.7.2 Steel Access Hatches:7.2
44、.1 The minimum yield strength of all steel componentsof the access hatch shall be 36 000 psi (248.22 MPa) and theyield strengths utilized shall be stated on the calculations andfabrication drawings.7.2.2 Material specifications and grades shall be selectedbased on required design yield strength, for
45、mability, and weldability.7.2.3 The following materials are considered to be appro-priate materials for this application:(1) Specification A36/A36M carbon steel plates, bars,structural shapes, and threaded rods,(2) Specification A53/A53M Grade B carbon steel pipes,(3) Specification A242/A242M corros
46、ion resistant highstrength low alloy steel plates, bars, and structural shapes,(4) Specification A325 steel bolts,(5) Specification A490 steel bolts,(6) Specification A500/A500M Grade B carbon steel HSSrectangles and rounds,(7) Specification A514/A514M quenched and temperedalloy steel plates,(8) Spe
47、cification A529/A529M carbon steel plates, bars,and structural shapes,(9) Specification A572/A572M high strength low alloysteel plates, bars, and structural shapes,(10) Specification A588/A588M corrosion resistant highstrength low alloy steel plates, bars, and structural shapes,(11) Specification A6
48、18/A618M high strength low alloysteel HSS rectangles and rounds,(12) Specification A656/A656M high strength low alloysteel plates,(13) Specification A786/A786M steel floor plate meetingthe strength requirements of Specifications A36/A36M, A572/A572M,orA588/A588M,(14) Specification A847/A847M corrosi
49、on resistant highstrength low alloy steel HSS rectangles and rounds,(15) Specification A852/A852M quenched and temperedlow alloy steel plates,(16) Specification A913/A913M high strength low alloysteel structural shapes, andC1802 143(17) Specification A992/A992M high strength low alloysteel structural shapes.7.2.4 Weld filler materials shall have a minimum tensilestrength of 70 000 psi (482.65 MPa) and be selected based onthe various combinations of base material welded in accor-dance with the requirements of the American Welding SocietyD1.1
