1、Designation: C1802 141C1802 18Standard Specification forDesign, Testing, Manufacture, Selection, and Installation ofFabricated Metal Access Hatches for Utility, Water, andWastewater Structures1,2This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1802; the number immediately following the designati
2、on indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1 NOTEEditorial corrections were made throughou
3、t in April 2015.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the design, testing, manufacture, selection, and installation of fabricated metal access hatches forutility, water, and wastewater structures including utility vaults, drainage structures, valve vaults, meter vaults, wet wells, pumpenclosures, ut
4、ility trenches, piping trenches, and drainage trenches.1.2 This specification is applicable to various configurations of access hatches constructed of fabricated metal of variousmaterials and grades for various loading conditions, traffic speeds, or both.1.3 Engineering design and testing criteria a
5、re provided for access hatches to be located in various areas subjected to variousloading conditions, traffic speed, frequency, or combinations thereof.1.4 Proof loading criteria is provided to allow the access hatches to be designed by engineering calculation and/or by ultimatestrength load testing
6、.1.5 Production loading criteria is provided to allow the access hatches to be tested to verify the load capacity of themanufactured hatches.1.6 Hatch loading selection guidelines are included to allow selection of the proper hatch design loading for the conditions ofthe actual area of placement.1.7
7、 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered the standard.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,
8、associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine theapplicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with inter
9、nationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3A36/A36
10、M Specification for Carbon Structural SteelA53/A53M Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded and SeamlessA123/A123M Specification for Zinc (Hot-Dip Galvanized) Coatings on Iron and Steel Products1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C27 on P
11、recast Concrete Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C27.10 on UtilityStructures.Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2014April 1, 2018. Published January 2015April 2018. Originally approved in 2014. Last previous edition approved in 2014 asC1802141. DOI: 10.1520/C1802-14.10.1520/C
12、1802-18.2 This specification is primarily a design, testing, manufacturing, selection, purchasing, and installation specification. The successful performance of this product dependsupon the proper selection of the loading criteria based on the products actual use and the products proper installation
13、. The purchaser of the fabricated metal access hatchesspecified herein is cautioned that proper correlation of the loading conditions, proper installation for the hatch specified, and provision for inspection of the installation atthe construction site, are required.3 For referencedASTM standards, v
14、isit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM stan
15、dard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by AST
16、M is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1A176 Specification for Stainless and Heat-Resisting Chromium Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip (Withdrawn 2015)4A240/A240M Specification for Chrom
17、ium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels andfor General ApplicationsA242/A242M Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural SteelA276 Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and ShapesA325 Specification for Structural Bolts, Steel, Heat Treated, 120
18、/105 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength (Withdrawn 2016)4A490 Specification for Structural Bolts, Alloy Steel, Heat Treated, 150 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength (Withdrawn 2016)4A500/A500M Specification for Cold-Formed Welded and Seamless Carbon Steel Structural Tubing in Rounds and ShapesA514/A514M Specific
19、ation for High-Yield-Strength, Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Plate, Suitable for WeldingA529/A529M Specification for High-Strength Carbon-Manganese Steel of Structural QualityA572/A572M Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy Columbium-Vanadium Structural SteelA588/A588M Specification for High
20、-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel, up to 50 ksi 345 MPa Minimum Yield Point, withAtmospheric Corrosion ResistanceA618/A618M Specification for Hot-Formed Welded and Seamless High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural TubingA656/A656M Specification for Hot-Rolled Structural Steel, High-Strength Low-Alloy P
21、late with Improved FormabilityA666 Specification for Annealed or Cold-Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel Sheet, Strip, Plate, and Flat BarA786/A786M Specification for Hot-Rolled Carbon, Low-Alloy, High-Strength Low-Alloy, and Alloy Steel Floor PlatesA847/A847M Specification for Cold-Formed Welded and
22、 Seamless High-Strength, Low-Alloy Structural Tubing with ImprovedAtmospheric Corrosion ResistanceA852/A852M Specification for Quenched and Tempered Low-Alloy Structural Steel Plate with 70 ksi 485 MPa MinimumYield Strength to 4 in. 100 mm Thick (Withdrawn 2010)4A913/A913M Specification for High-Str
23、ength Low-Alloy Steel Shapes of Structural Quality, Produced by Quenching andSelf-Tempering Process (QST)A992/A992M Specification for Structural Steel ShapesB209 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Sheet and PlateB210 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Drawn Seamless TubesB211 S
24、pecification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Rolled or Cold Finished Bar, Rod, and WireB221 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Extruded Bars, Rods, Wire, Profiles, and TubesB241/B241M Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Seamless Pipe and Seamless Extruded TubeB247 Specification
25、for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Die Forgings, Hand Forgings, and Rolled Ring ForgingsB308/B308M Specification for Aluminum-Alloy 6061-T6 Standard Structural ProfilesB316/B316M Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Rivet and Cold-Heading Wire and RodsB429/B429M Specification for Aluminum-Allo
26、y Extruded Structural Pipe and TubeB632/B632M Specification for Aluminum-Alloy Rolled Tread PlateB928/B928M Specification for High Magnesium Aluminum-Alloy Products for Marine Service and Similar EnvironmentsC478 Specification for Circular Precast Reinforced Concrete Manhole SectionsC857 Practice fo
27、r Minimum Structural Design Loading for Underground Precast Concrete Utility StructuresC890 Practice for Minimum Structural Design Loading for Monolithic or Sectional Precast Concrete Water and WastewaterStructuresE4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing MachinesE2309/E2309M Practices for Veri
28、fication of Displacement Measuring Systems and Devices Used in Material Testing MachinesF467 Specification for Nonferrous Nuts for General UseF468 Specification for Nonferrous Bolts, Hex Cap Screws, Socket Head Cap Screws, and Studs for General Use2.2 AASHTO Standards and Specifications:5AASHTO Stan
29、dard Specifications for Highway Bridges (current edition)AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specification (current edition)2.3 The American Institute of Steel Construction Specifications:6ANSI/AISC 360 Specification for Structural Steel Buildings (current edition)2.4 ASCE Specifications:7SEI/ASCE 8 Specifica
30、tion for the Design of Cold-Formed Stainless Steel Structural Members (current edition)2.5 The Aluminum Association:8Aluminum Design Manual (current edition)4 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.5 Available from American Association of State Highway an
31、d Transportation Officials (AASHTO), 444 N. Capitol St., NW, Suite 249, Washington, DC 20001,http:/www.transportation.org.6 Available from American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC), 1 East Wacker Drive, Suite 3100, Chicago, Illinois 60601, http:/www.aisc.org.7 Available from American Society o
32、f Civil Engineers (ASCE), 1801 Alexander Bell Drive, Reston, Virginia, 20191, http:/www.asce.org.8 Available from The Aluminum Association (AA), 1525 Wilson Blvd Suite 600, Arlington Virginia, 22209, http:/www.aluminum.org.C1802 1822.6 The American Welding Society Codes:9D1.1 Structural Welding Code
33、Steel (current edition)D1.2 Structural Welding CodeAluminum (current edition)D1.6 Structural Welding CodeStainless Steel (current edition)2.7 The U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Aviation Administration Advisory Circulars:10Advisory Circular No. 150/5320-6E3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.
34、1 AA, nAluminum Association.3.1.2 access hatch, nan assembly of a hatch door and optional frame providing a horizontal structural covering of an openingthat provides access to the structure below.3.1.3 access hatch door, nthe access hatch horizontal cover that is either removable or hinged to provid
35、e access to the structurebelow.3.1.4 access hatch frame, nthe perimeter fabrication around an access hatch door that provides attachment to the opening inthe structure below.3.1.5 AISC, nAmerican Institute of Steel Construction.3.1.6 ASCE, nAmerican Society of Civil Engineers.3.1.7 ASTM, nASTM Inter
36、national.3.1.8 ASD, nallowable stress design.3.1.9 AWS, nAmerican Welding Society.3.1.10 fabricated metal, nan assembly of cut, bent, or machined metal parts that are welded or bolted together to become thefinal assembly.3.1.11 finite element modeling, nto numerically three dimensionally model an as
37、sembly by subdividing the assembly intosmaller elements and applying a load to determine the stresses in each of the elements.3.1.12 load level, na number between one and ten that corresponds to the description of the loads and applicable use in thisspecification.3.1.13 LRFD, nload and resistance fa
38、ctor design.3.1.14 production loading, vtest loading to a force level less than yield strength to verify the load capacity of the manufacturedhatch.3.1.15 proof loading, vtest loading to a force level of the load times a safety factor to prove the design of an access hatch.3.1.16 protective coatings
39、, ngalvanizing, painting, or powder coating metal surfaces to provide corrosion and environmentalprotection.3.1.17 purchaser, nthe person or entity buying an access hatch from the manufacturer.3.1.18 structural stiffeners, nstructural metallic shapes or bent metallic shapes attached to the bottom of
40、 the top plate surfaceof an access door to strengthen its structural properties.3.1.19 top plate, nthe metallic top surface of an access door that receives the pedestrian or vehicular load directly.3.1.20 ultimate strength, nthe stress of a metallic material when failure occurs.3.1.21 ultimate stren
41、gth load, nthe “safety” factored load obtained by applying a load factor to the load.3.1.22 weld filler, nthe material deposited by a welding operation.3.1.23 working stress load, nload applied without load factors, but with capacity reduction factors applied to the materialsbeing utilized.3.1.24 yi
42、eld strength, nthe stress of a metallic material when permanent deflection first occurs and as tested at 0.2 % offset.4. Significance and Use4.1 This specification is intended to standardize the minimum load level criteria for structural design of fabricated metal accesshatches.9 Available from The
43、American Welding Society (AWS), 8669 NW 36 Street no. 130, Doral, Florida, 33166, http:/www.aws.org.10 Available from The U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Aviation Administration, http:/www.faa.gov.C1802 1834.2 The users are cautioned that they must properly identify the anticipated current
44、 and future anticipated field loadingconditions and requirements with the design loads. It is not prohibited for field conditions to dictate loads greater than the minimumload levels presented here.5. Designation5.1 The fabricated metal hatches manufactured in accordance with this specification shal
45、l be legibly marked with themanufacturers name or trademark, the specification designation, the load level, the nominal opening dimensions unless includedin the part number, and the month and year of manufacture or a serial number on the inside of the access hatch cover or frameas described in Secti
46、on 21.6. Basis of Acceptance6.1 Acceptability of the access hatches shall be determined based on the design in accordance with Section 9, the physicalrequirements described in Sections 13 18, the material requirements described in Section 7, and physical inspection of the accesshatches.6.2 Access ha
47、tches shall be considered ready for acceptance when they conform to all requirements of this specification.7. Materials7.1 The material of each component of the access hatch assembly shall be suitable for its specific application within theassembly, to be determined by the expected function, the req
48、uired strength, and the environmental exposure.7.2 Steel Access Hatches:7.2.1 The minimum yield strength of all steel components of the access hatch shall be 36 000 psi (248.22 MPa) and the yieldstrengths utilized shall be stated on the calculations and fabrication drawings.7.2.2 Material specificat
49、ions and grades shall be selected based on required design yield strength, formability, and weld ability.7.2.3 The following materials are considered to be appropriate materials for this application:(1) Specification A36/A36M carbon steel plates, bars, structural shapes, and threaded rods,(2) Specification A53/A53M Grade B carbon steel pipes,(3) Specification A242/A242M corrosion resistant high strength low alloy steel plates, bars, and structural shapes,(4) Specification A325 steel bolts,(5) Specification A490 steel bolts,(6) Specif
