1、Designation: C 187 04American Association StateHighway and Transportation Officials StandardAASHTO No.: T 129Standard Test Method forNormal Consistency of Hydraulic Cement1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 187; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year o
2、foriginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the normalco
3、nsistency of hydraulic cement.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of
4、this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. See 1.4 for aspecific warning statement.1.4 WarningFresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures arecaustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue uponprolong
5、ed exposure. The use of gloves, protective clothing,and eye protection is recommended. Wash contact area withcopious amounts of water after contact. Wash eyes for aminimum of 15 min. Avoid exposure of the body to clothingsaturated with the liquid phase of the unhardened material.Remove contaminated
6、clothing immediately after exposure.22. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3C 305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic CementPastes and Mortars of Plastic ConsistencyC 490 Practice for Use of Apparatus for the Determinationof Length Change of Hardened Cement Paste, Mortar, andConcreteC 10
7、05 Specification for Reference Masses and Devices forDetermining Mass and Volume for Use in the PhysicalTesting of Hydraulic CementsD 1193 Specification for Reagent WaterE 177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test Methods3. Significance and Use3.1 This test method is intended
8、to be used to determine theamount of water required to prepare hydraulic cement pastesfor testing.4. Apparatus4.1 Reference Masses and Devices for Determining Mass,conforming to the requirements of Specification C 1005. Thedevices for determining mass shall be evaluated for precisionand bias at a to
9、tal load of 1000 g.4.2 Glass Graduates, 200 or 250-mLcapacity, and conform-ing to the requirements of Practice C 490.4.3 Vicat ApparatusThe Vicat apparatus shall consist of aframe A (Fig. 1) bearing a movable rod B, weighing 300 g, oneend C, the plunger end, being 10 mm in diameter for a distanceof
10、at least 50 mm, and the other end having a removable needleD, 1 mm in diameter and 50 mm in length. The rod B isreversible, and can be held in any desired position by a setscrew E, and has an adjustable indicator F, which moves overa scale (graduated in millimetres) attached to the frame A. Thepaste
11、 is held in a rigid conical ring G, resting on a planenonabsorptive square base plate H, about 100 mm on each side.The rod B shall be made of stainless steel having a hardness ofnot less than 35 HRC (See Note 1), and shall be straight withthe plunger end which is perpendicular to the rod axis. The r
12、ingshall be made of a noncorroding, nonabsorbent material, andshall have an inside diameter of 70 mm at the base and 60 mmat the top, and a height of 40 mm. In addition to the above, theVicat apparatus shall conform to the following requirements:Weight of movable rod 300 6 0.5 g (0.661 lb 6 8 grains
13、) inDiameter of plunger end of rod 10 6 0.05 mm (0.394 6 0.002 in.)Diameter of needle 1 6 0.05 mm (0.039 6 0.002 in.)Inside diameter of ring at bottom 70 6 3mm(2.756 0.12 in.)Inside diameter of ring at top 60 6 3mm(2.366 0.12 in.)Height of ring 40 6 1mm(1.576 0.04 in.)Graduated scale The graduated s
14、cale, when comparedwith a standard scale accurate to within0.1 mm at all points, shall not show adeviation at any point greater than 0.25mm.NOTE 1The requirement that the rod be made of stainless steel shallapply only to new Vicat apparatus or replacement rods and not toequipment in use which meets
15、the other requirements of this test method.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 on Cementand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.22 on Workability.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2004. Published December 2004. Originallyapproved in 1944. Last previous editi
16、on approved in 1998 as C 187 98.2Section on Safety, Manual of Cement Testing, Annual Book of ASTMStandards, Vol 04.01.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer t
17、o the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.4 Flat Trowel, having a sharpened straight-edged steelblade 100 to 150 mm in length.5. Temperature and Humidity5.1 The tempera
18、ture of the air in the vicinity of the mixingslab, the dry cement, molds, and base plates shall be main-tained between 20 and 27.5 C (68 and 81.5 F). Thetemperature of the mixing water shall not vary from 23.0 C(73.5 F) by more than 62.0 C (3.5 F).5.2 The relative humidity of the laboratory shall be
19、 not lessthan 50 %.6. Procedure6.1 Preparation of Cement PasteMix 650 g of cementwith a measured quantity of water following the procedureprescribed in the Procedure for Mixing Pastes of PracticeC 305. The water shall conform to the numerical limits ofSpecification D 1193 for Type III or Type IV gra
20、de of reagentwater.6.2 Molding Test SpecimenQuickly form the cementpaste, prepared as described in 6.1, into the approximate shapeof a ball with gloved hands. Then toss six times through a freepath of about 150 mm (6 in.) from one hand to another so as toproduce a nearly spherical mass that may be e
21、asily inserted intothe Vicat ring with a minimum amount of additional manipu-lation. Press the ball, resting in the palm of one hand, into thelarger end of the conical ring G, Fig. 1, held in the other hand,completely filling the ring with paste. Remove the excess at thelarger end by a single moveme
22、nt of the palm of the hand. Placethe ring on its larger end on the base plate H, and slice off theexcess paste at the smaller end at the top of the ring by a singleoblique stroke of a sharp-edged trowel held at a slight anglewith the top of the ring, and smooth the top, if necessary, witha few light
23、 touches of the pointed end of the trowel. Duringthese operations of cutting and smoothing, take care not tocompress the paste.6.3 Consistency DeterminationCenter the paste confinedin the ring, resting on the plate, under the rod B, Fig. 1, theplunger end C of which shall be brought in contact with
24、thesurface of the paste, and tighten the set-screw E. Then set themovable indicator F to the upper zero mark of the scale, or takean initial reading, and release the rod immediately. This mustnot exceed 30 s after completion of mixing. The apparatus shallbe free of all vibrations during the test. Th
25、e paste shall be ofnormal consistency when the rod settles to a point 10 6 1mmbelow the original surface in 30 s after being released. Maketrial pastes with varying percentages of water until the normalconsistency is obtained. Make each trial with fresh cement.7. Calculation7.1 Calculate the amount
26、of water required for normalconsistency to the nearest 0.1 % and report it to the nearest0.5 % of the weight of the dry cement.8. Precision and Bias8.1 The single operator-instrument precision has been foundto be 0.25 (1S), and the multilaboratory precision has beenfound to be 0.35 (1S) as defined i
27、n Practice E 177; therefore,the results of two properly conducted tests by the sameoperator in a laboratory should agree within 0.7 percentagepoint, and test results between two laboratories should agreewith 1.0 percentage point 95 % of the time.9. Keywords9.1 consistency; normal consistency; Vicat
28、needlesFor additional useful information on details of cement test methods, reference may be made to the “Manual of Cement Testing,”which appears in the Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.01.FIG. 1 Vicat ApparatusC187042ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent ri
29、ghts asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at an
30、y time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments w
31、ill receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by A
32、STM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).C187043
