1、Designation: C187 111C187 16 American Association StateHighway and Transportation Officials StandardAASHTO No.: T 129Standard Test Method forAmount of Water Required for Normal Consistency ofHydraulic Cement Paste1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C187; the number immediately follo
2、wing the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1 NOTESection 8.1 was revised
3、 editorially in October 2011 to fix a typographical error.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of the normal consistency of hydraulic cement.1.2 UnitsThe values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This st
4、andard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use. See 1.4 for a specific warn
5、ing statement.1.4 WarningFresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue uponprolonged exposure. The use of gloves, protective clothing, and eye protection is recommended. Wash contact area with copiousamounts of water after contact. Wash eyes for a
6、minimum of 15 min. Avoid exposure of the body to clothing saturated with theliquid phase of the unhardened material. Remove contaminated clothing immediately after exposure.22. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3C219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic CementC305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of
7、 Hydraulic Cement Pastes and Mortars of Plastic ConsistencyC511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets, Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in the Testing of HydraulicCements and ConcretesC1005 Specification for Reference Masses and Devices for Determining Mass and Volume for Use in th
8、e Physical Testing ofHydraulic CementsD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods3. Terminology3.1 Normal consistency is defined in Terminology standard C219.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method is intended to be used to dete
9、rmine the amount of water required to prepare hydraulic cement pastes withnormal consistency, as required for certain standard tests.5. Apparatus5.1 Reference Masses and Devices for Determining Mass, conforming to the requirements of Specification C1005. The devicesfor determining mass shall be eval
10、uated for precision and bias at a total load of 1000 g.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 on Cement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.22 on Workability.Current edition approved April 1, 2011Dec. 1, 2016. Published May 2011December 2016. Originally a
11、pproved in 1944. Last previous edition approved in 20102011 asC187C187 11110 DOI: 10.1520/C0187-11.10.1520/C0187-16.2 Section on Safety, Manual of Cement Testing, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.01.3 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Ser
12、vice at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previo
13、us version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Chang
14、es section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15.2 Glass Graduates, 200 or 250-mL capacity, and conforming to the requirements of Specification C1005.5.3 Vicat ApparatusThe Vicat apparatu
15、s shall consist of a frame A (Fig. 1) bearing a movable rod B, weighing 300 g, one endC, the plunger end, being 10 mm in diameter for a distance of at least 50 mm, and the other end having a removable needle D,1 mm in diameter and 50 mm in length. The rod B is reversible, and can be held in any desi
16、red position by a set screw E, andhas an adjustable indicator F, which moves over a scale (graduated in millimetres) attached to the frame A. The paste is held ina rigid conical ring G, resting on a plane nonabsorptive square base plate H, about 100 mm on each side. The rod B shall be madeof stainle
17、ss steel having a hardness of not less than 35 HRC (See Note 1), and shall be straight with the plunger end which isperpendicular to the rod axis. The ring shall be made of a noncorroding, nonabsorbent material, and shall have an inside diameterof 70 mm at the base and 60 mm at the top, and a height
18、 of 40 mm. In addition to the above, the Vicat apparatus shall conformto the following requirements:Weight of movable rod 300 0.5 gDiameter of plunger end of rod 10 0.05 mmDiameter of needle 1 0.05 mmInside diameter of ring at bottom 70 3 mmInside diameter of ring at top 60 3 mmHeight of ring 40 1 m
19、mGraduated scale The graduated scale, when comparedwith a standard scale accurate to within0.1 mm at all points, shall not show adeviation at any point greater than 0.25mm.NOTE 1The requirement that the rod be made of stainless steel shall apply only to new Vicat apparatus or replacement rods and no
20、t to equipmentin use which meets the other requirements of this test method.5.3.1 Vicat apparatus and vicat ring shall be inspected and checked for conformance to this test method at least every 212 years.5.4 Flat Trowel, having a sharpened straight-edged steel blade 100 to 150 mm in length.6. Tempe
21、rature and Humidity6.1 The temperature of the air and mixing water shall conform to the requirements of Specification C511.6.2 The relative humidity of the laboratory shall conform to the requirements of Specification C511.7. Procedure7.1 Preparation of Cement PasteMix 650 g of cement with a measure
22、d quantity of water following the procedure prescribedin the Procedure for Mixing Pastes of Practice C305. The water shall conform to the numerical limits of Specification D1193 forType III or Type IV grade of reagent water.7.2 Molding Test SpecimenQuickly form the cement paste, prepared as describe
23、d in 7.1, into the approximate shape of a ballwith gloved hands. Then toss six times through a free path of about 150 mm from one hand to another so as to produce a nearlyspherical mass that may be easily inserted into the Vicat ring with a minimum amount of additional manipulation. Press the ball,F
24、IG. 1 Vicat ApparatusC187 162resting in the palm of one hand, into the larger end of the conical ring G,Fig. 1, held in the other hand, completely filling the ringwith paste. Remove the excess at the larger end by a single movement of the palm of the hand. Place the ring on its larger endon the base
25、 plate H, and slice off the excess paste at the smaller end at the top of the ring by a single oblique stroke of a sharp-edgedtrowel held at a slight angle with the top of the ring, and smooth the top, if necessary, with a few light touches of the pointed endof the trowel. During these operations of
26、 cutting and smoothing, take care not to compress the paste.7.3 Consistency DeterminationCenter the paste confined in the ring, resting on the plate, under the rod B,Fig. 1, the plungerend C of which shall be brought in contact with the surface of the paste, and tighten the set-screw E. Then set the
27、 movable indicatorF to the upper zero mark of the scale, or take an initial reading, and release the rod immediately. Release the rod at a time notexceeding 30 s after completion of mixing. The apparatus shall be free of all vibrations during the test. The paste shall be of normalconsistency when th
28、e rod settles to a point 10 6 1 mm below the original surface in 30 s after being released. Make trial pasteswith varying percentages of water until the normal consistency is obtained. Make each trial with fresh cement.8. Calculation8.1 Calculate the amount of water required for normal consistency a
29、s the mass of water divided by the mass of dry cement,expressed as a percentage. Calculate the mass ratio to the nearest 0.1 % and report the mass ratio to the nearest 0.5 %.9. Precision and Bias9.1 The single operator-instrument precision has been found to be 0.25 (1S), and the multilaboratory prec
30、ision has been foundto be 0.35 (1S) as defined in Practice E177; therefore, the results of two properly conducted tests by the same operator in alaboratory should agree within 0.7 percentage point, and test results between two laboratories should agree with 1.0 percentagepoint 95 % of the time.10. K
31、eywords10.1 consistency; normal consistency; Vicat needlesFor additional useful information on details of cement test methods, reference may be made to the “Manual of CementTesting,” which appears in theAnnual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 04.01.SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee C01C01 has identified the loc
32、ation of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(C187C187 11110) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved Dec. 1, 2016April 1, 2011.).)(1) Revised title.(2) Corrected reference for glass graduates in 5.2.(1) Added Section 35.3.1 on Terminology.was added.(4) Revised Section
33、4.(5) Revised 7.3.(6) Revised 8.1.Committee C01 has identified the location of selected changes to this test method since the last issue,C18704, that may impact the use of this test method. (Approved May 1, 2010)(1) Revised Section 6 to refer to Specification C511 for temperature and relative humidi
34、ty requirements.(2) Revised the standard, including Fig. 1, to be solely in SI units.C187 163ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determinati
35、on of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdr
36、awn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your c
37、omments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single
38、or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 164
