1、Designation: C192/C192M 12 C192/C192M 12aStandard Practice forMaking and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in theLaboratory1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C192/C192M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision
2、, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This practice covers p
3、rocedures for making and curing test specimens of concrete in the laboratory under accurate controlof materials and test conditions using concrete that can be consolidated by rodding or vibration as described herein.1.2 The values stated in either inch-poundSI units or SIinch-pound units shall are t
4、o be regarded separately as standard. The SIunits are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system aremay not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be usedindependently of eachthe other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance. non-conformance withthe s
5、tandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use. (Warning
6、Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to exposedskin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3C70 Test Method for Surface Moisture in Fine AggregateC125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete AggregatesC127 Test M
7、ethod for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), and Absorption of Coarse AggregateC128 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), and Absorption of Fine AggregateC138/C138M Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield, and Air Content (Gravimetric) of ConcreteC143/C143M Te
8、st Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement ConcreteC172C172/C172M Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed ConcreteC173/C173M Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric MethodC231C231/C231M Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Pressure MethodC330C330/C330
9、M Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Structural ConcreteC403/C403M Test Method for Time of Setting of Concrete Mixtures by Penetration ResistanceC470/C470M Specification for Molds for Forming Concrete Test Cylinders VerticallyC494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for ConcreteC51
10、1 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets, Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in the Testing of HydraulicCements and ConcretesC566 Test Method for Total Evaporable Moisture Content of Aggregate by DryingC617C617/C617M Practice for Capping Cylindrical Concrete SpecimensC1064/C1064M Test
11、 Method for Temperature of Freshly Mixed Hydraulic-Cement ConcreteC1077 Practice for Agencies Testing Concrete and Concrete Aggregates for Use in Construction and Criteria for Testing AgencyEvaluation1 This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
12、and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.61 on Testingfor Strength.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2012Dec. 1, 2012. Published October 2012January 2013. Originally approved in 1944. Last previous edition approved in 20072012 asC192/C192M 07.C192/C192M 12. DOI: 10.1520/C0192_C0192M-12.10
13、.1520/C0192_C0192M-12a.2 See section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing,Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 04.02.3 For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
14、volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to a
15、dequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright AS
16、TM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States12.2 American Concrete Institute Publications:4211.3 Practice for Selecting Proportions for No-Slump Concrete309 Guide for Concrete Consolidation3. Significance and Use3.1 This practice provides stan
17、dardized requirements for preparation of materials, mixing concrete, and making and curingconcrete test specimens under laboratory conditions.3.2 If specimen preparation is controlled as stipulated herein, the specimens may be used to develop information for thefollowing purposes:3.2.1 Mixture propo
18、rtioning for project concrete,3.2.2 Evaluation of different mixtures and materials,3.2.3 Correlation with nondestructive tests, and3.2.4 Providing specimens for research purposes.NOTE 1The concrete test results for concrete specimens made and cured using this practice are widely used. They may be th
19、e basis for acceptancetesting for project concrete, research evaluations, and other studies. Careful and knowledgeable handling of materials, mixing concrete, molding testspecimens, and curing test specimens is necessary. Many laboratories performing this important work are independently inspected o
20、r accredited. PracticeC1077 identifies and defines the duties, responsibilities, and minimum technical qualification requirements of laboratory personnel and the minimumrequirements for equipment used in testing concrete and concrete aggregates.4. Apparatus4.1 Molds, GeneralMolds for specimens or fa
21、stenings thereto in contact with the concrete shall be made of steel, cast iron,or other nonabsorbent material, nonreactive with concrete containing portland or other hydraulic cements. Molds shall conformto the dimensions and tolerances specified in the method for which the specimens are required.
22、Molds shall hold their dimensionsand shape under all conditions of use. Watertightness of molds during use shall be judged by their ability to hold water poured intothem. Test procedures for watertightness are given in the section on Test Methods for Elongation, Absorption, and Watertightnessof Spec
23、ification C470/C470M. A suitable sealant, such as heavy grease, modeling clay, or microcrystalline wax, shall be usedwhere necessary to prevent leakage through the joints. Positive means shall be provided to hold base plates firmly to the molds.Reusable molds shall be lightly coated with mineral oil
24、 or a suitable nonreactive release material before use.4.2 Cylinder Molds:4.2.1 Molds for Casting Specimens Vertically shall conform to the requirements of 4.1 and Specification C470/C470M.4.2.2 Horizontal Molds for Creep Test Cylinders shall conform to the requirements of 4.1 and to the requirement
25、s for symmetryand dimensional tolerance in the section on General Requirements except for verticality requirements of SpecificationC470/C470M. The use of horizontal molds is intended only for creep specimens that contain axially embedded strain gages. Moldsfor creep cylinders to be filled while supp
26、orted in a horizontal position shall have a filling slot parallel to the axis of the mold whichextends the full length to receive the concrete. The width of the slot shall be one half the diameter of the specimen. If necessarythe edges of the slot shall be reinforced to maintain dimensional stabilit
27、y. Unless specimens are to be capped or ground to produceplane ends, the molds shall be provided with two machined metal end plates at least 1 in. 25 mm25 mm 1 in. thick and theworking surfaces shall comply with the requirements for planeness and surface roughness given in the section on Capping Pla
28、tesof Practice C617C617/C617M. Provision shall be made for fixing both end plates firmly to the mold. The inside surface of eachend plate shall be provided with at least three lugs or studs approximately 1 in. 25 mm25 mm 1 in. long, firmly fastened to theplate for embedment in the concrete. One base
29、 plate shall be drilled from the inside at an angle to permit the lead wire from thestrain gage to exit the specimen through the edge of the plate. Provision shall be made for accurately positioning the strain gage.All necessary holes shall be as small as possible to minimize disturbance to subseque
30、nt strain measurements and shall be sealedto prevent leakage.4.3 Beam and Prism Molds shall be rectangular in shape (unless otherwise specified) and of the dimensions required to producethe desired specimen size. The inside surfaces of the molds shall be smooth and free from indentations. The sides,
31、 bottom, andends shall be at right angles to each other and shall be straight and true and free of warpage. Maximum variation from the nominalcross section shall not exceed 3 mm 18 in. 3 mm in. for molds with depth or breadth of 6 in. 150 mm150 mm 6 in. or more,or 2 mm 116 in. 2 mm in. for molds of
32、smaller depth or breadth. Except for flexure specimens, molds shall not vary from thenominal length by more than 2 mm 116 in. 2 mm. in. Flexure molds shall not be shorter than 2 mm 116 in. 2 mm in. ofthe required length, but may exceed it by more than that amount.4.4 Tamping RodsTwo sizes are specif
33、ied in ASTM methods. Each shall be a round, straight steel rod with at least the tampingend rounded to a hemispherical tip of the same diameter as the rod. Both ends may be rounded, if preferred.4.4.1 Larger Rod, 16 mm 58 in. 16 mm in. in diameter and approximately 24 in. 600 mm600 mm 24 in. long.4.
34、4.2 Smaller Rod, 10 mm 38 in. 10 mm in. in diameter and approximately 12 in. 300 mm300 mm 12 in. long.4 Available from American Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094, Farmington Hills, MI 48333-9094, http:/www.aci-int.org.C192/C192M 12a24.5 MalletsA mallet with a rubber or rawhide head weighing 1.
35、25 6 0.50 lb 0.6 6 0.20 kg0.6 6 0.20 kg 1.25 6 0.50 lbshall be used.4.6 Vibrators:4.6.1 Internal VibratorsThe vibrator frequency shall be at least 7000 vibrations per minute 115 Hz(115 Hz) while thevibrator is operating in the concrete. The diameter of a round vibrator shall be no more than one four
36、th the diameter of the cylindermold or one fourth the width of the beam or prism mold. Other shaped vibrators shall have a perimeter equivalent to thecircumference of an appropriate round vibrator. The combined length of the vibrator shaft and vibrating element shall exceed thedepth of the section b
37、eing vibrated by at least 3 in. 75 mm.75 mm 3 in.NOTE 2For information on size and frequency of various vibrators and method to periodically check vibrator frequency, see ACI 309.4.6.2 External VibratorsThe two types of external vibrators permitted are either table or plank. The external vibratorfre
38、quency shall be 3600 vibrations per minute 60 Hz(60 Hz) or higher.4.6.3 Provisions shall be made for clamping the mold securely to the apparatus for both types of vibrators.NOTE 3Vibratory impulses are frequently imparted to a table or plank vibrator through electromagnetic means, or by use of an ec
39、centric weight onthe shaft of an electric motor or on a separate shaft driven by a motor.4.7 Small ToolsTools and items such as shovels, pails, trowels, wood float, blunted trowels, straightedge, feeler gage, scoops,rulers, rubber gloves, and metal mixing bowls shall be provided.4.8 Slump ApparatusT
40、he apparatus for measurement of slump shall conform to the requirements of Test MethodC143/C143M.4.9 Sampling and Mixing PanThe pan shall be flat-bottom and of heavy-gage metal, watertight, of convenient depth, and ofsufficient capacity to allow easy mixing by shovel or trowel of the entire batch; o
41、r, if mixing is by machine, to receive the entirebatch on discharge of the mixer and allow remixing in the pan by trowel or shovel.4.10 Wet-Sieving EquipmentIf wet-sieving is required, the equipment shall conform to the requirements of PracticeC172C172/C172M.4.11 Air Content ApparatusThe apparatus f
42、or measuring air content shall conform to the requirements of either Test MethodsC231C231/C231M or C173/C173M.4.12 ScalesScales for determining the mass of batches of materials and concrete shall be accurate within 0.3 % of the test loadat any point within the range of use.NOTE 4In general the mass
43、of small quantities should not be determined on large capacity scales. In many applications the smallest mass determinedon a scale should be greater than about 10 % of the maximum capacity of the scale; however, this will vary with the performance characteristics of thescale and the required accurac
44、y of the determination. Acceptable scales used for determining the mass for concrete materials preferably should determinemass accurately to about 0.1 % of total capacity and the foregoing precaution is applicable. However, certain analytical and precision balances areexceptions to this rule and sho
45、uld weigh accurately to 0.001 %. Particular care must be exercised in measuring small quantities of material by determiningthe difference between two much larger masses.4.13 Temperature Measuring DeviceThe temperature measuring device shall conform to the requirements of Test MethodC1064/C1064M.4.14
46、 Concrete MixerA power-driven concrete mixer shall be a revolving drum, tilting mixer, or suitable revolving pan orrevolving-paddle mixer capable of thoroughly mixing batches of the prescribed sizes at the required slump.NOTE 5A pan mixer is usually more suitable for mixing concrete with less than 1
47、-in. 25 mm25 mm 1-in. slump than a revolving drum mixer.The rate of rotation, degree of tilt, and rated capacity of tilting mixers are not always suitable for laboratory mixed concrete. It may be found desirableto reduce the rate of rotation, decrease the angle of tilt from the horizontal, and use t
48、he mixer at somewhat less than the manufacturers rated capacity.5. Specimens5.1 Cylindrical SpecimensCylinder dimensions shall be as stipulated in the specification, test method or practice for thelaboratory studies being performed and shall meet the requirements of 5.4. If dimensions are not stipul
49、ated in a specification, testmethod, or practice, the specimen selected shall have a length that is twice the diameter and meet the requirements of 5.4.NOTE 6The same cylinder size should be used for the reference (control) concrete mixture and test concrete mixtures when conducting comparativestudies such as those required in Specification C494/C494M. For mixture proportioning of project concrete, it is preferable for the cylinder size in thelaboratory to be the same as that specified for
