1、Designation: C260/C260M 10a (Reapproved 2016)Standard Specification forAir-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C260/C260M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year
2、of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers materials proposed for use asair-entraining admixtures to be added to concrete mixtures
3、inthe field.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conf
4、ormancewith the standard.1.3 The text of this specification references notes andfootnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes andfootnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not beconsidered as requirements of the standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C183 Practi
5、ce for Sampling and the Amount of Testing ofHydraulic CementC185 Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic CementMortarC233 Test Method for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Con-crete3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 air-entraining admixture, nfor the purpose of thiss
6、pecification, a material that is used as an ingredient ofconcrete, added to the batch immediately before or during itsmixing, for the purpose of entraining air.4. General Requirements4.1 At the request of the purchaser, the manufacturer shallstate in writing that the air-entraining admixture supplie
7、d foruse in the work is essentially identical in concentration,composition, and performance to the air-entraining admixturetested under this specification.NOTE 1It is recommended that, whenever practicable, tests with theair-entraining admixture be made using all of the ingredients of theconcrete pr
8、oposed for the specific work, because the effect produced bythe air-entraining admixture may vary with the properties of the otheringredients of the concrete.4.2 Requirements for establishing compositional or chemi-cal equivalence of a subsequent lot relative to a previous lotthat was subjected to q
9、uality tests and found to comply with therequirements of 5.1 shall be determined if agreed upon by thepurchaser and the manufacturer. At the request of thepurchaser, the manufacturer shall recommend appropriate testprocedures, such as infrared spectrophotometry (I.R.), pHvalue and solids content, fo
10、r establishing the equivalence ofmaterials from different lots or different portions of the samelot.NOTE 2Ultraviolet light absorption (UV) of solutions and infraredspectroscopy of dried residues have been found to be valuable for thesepurposes. The specific procedures to be employed and the criteri
11、a toestablish equivalence should be stipulated with due regard to the compo-sition and properties of the sample.4.3 At the request of the purchaser, the manufacturer shallstate in writing the chloride content of the air-entrainingadmixture and whether or not chloride was added during itsmanufacture.
12、NOTE 3Admixtures that contain chlorides may accelerate corrosion ofembedded metals.5. Optional Uniformity Requirements5.1 A series of two or more samples from a manufacturinglot will be considered sufficiently uniform to be properlycomposited into a single sample for quality testing providedthey do
13、not differ more than the amounts indicated in 5.4.5.2 A subsequent sample or composite sample shall beconsidered in compliance with these requirements, so long asthey differ from the reference sample by no more than theamounts listed in 5.4. The reference sample is the originalsample tested to meet
14、the requirements of 6.1. Any additionaloptional, appropriate tests, such as infrared spectroscopy andultraviolet light absorption, referred to in 4.2, also shall meetpre-agreed requirements.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 onConcrete and Concrete Aggregatesand is t
15、he direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC09.23 on Chemical Admixtures.Current edition approved July 1, 2016. Published August 2016. Originallyapproved in 1950. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as C260/C260M10a.DOI: 10.1520/C0260_C0260M-10AR16.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM webs
16、ite, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor D
17、rive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15.3 Determinations of uniformity shall be made in accor-dance with the procedures given in the sections “Check Testsfor Uniformity” and “Procedure for Residue by Oven Drying”of Test Method C233.5.4 Allowable differences in results of
18、 uniformity determi-nations shall not exceed the following amounts:5.4.1 The manufacturer shall provide an acceptable range ofpH that does not exceed 3.0 pH units. The pH of samples testedshall fall within this range.5.4.2 The air content in percent of Test Method C185mortars prepared from successiv
19、e lots shall not differ by morethan 2.0 from that for the acceptance sample.5.4.3 The manufacturer shall provide acceptable limits ofresidue content not to exceed 612 % of the midpoint of thelimits. The residue content of samples tested shall fall withinthese limits (Note 4).NOTE 4As an example, an
20、admixture may commonly be producedwith residue content ranging from 5.0 to 6.5 %. The manufacturer wouldprovide acceptable limits of 5.06 to 6.44 %, representing 612 % of themidpoint of the limits which is 5.75 %.6. Performance Requirements6.1 The air-entraining admixture shall conform to the re-qui
21、rements in Table 1.6.1.1 Resistance to Freezing and ThawingThe relativedurability factor of concrete containing the admixture undertest shall be not less than 80. The relative durability factor shallbe calculated as follows:DF or DF1! 5 PN/300 (1)RDF 5 DF/DF1! 3100where:DF = durability factor of the
22、 concrete containing theadmixture under test,DF1= durability factor of the concrete containing thereference admixture,P = relative dynamic modulus of elasticity in percent-age of the dynamic modulus of elasticity at zerocycles (values of P will be 60 or greater),N = number of cycles at which P reach
23、es 60 %, or 300if P does not reach 60 % prior to the end of the test(300 cycles), andRDF = relative durability factor.6.1.2 Length ChangeAfter 14 days of drying, the lengthchange of the concrete containing the test admixture shall notbe more than 120 % of that of the concrete containing thereference
24、 admixture. When, after 14 days of drying, the lengthchange of the reference concrete is less than 0.030 %, thelength change of the concrete containing the test admixtureshall not be more than 0.006 percentage points greater than thatof the reference concrete.7. Sampling7.1 Opportunity shall be prov
25、ided the purchaser for carefulsampling and inspection, either at the point of manufacture orat the site of the work, as specified by the purchaser.7.2 Samples shall be either “grab” or “composite” samples,as specified or required by this specification. A grab sample isone obtained in a single operat
26、ion. A composite sample is oneobtained by combining three or more grab samples.7.3 For the purpose of this specification, it is recognized thatsamples will be taken for the two following reasons:7.3.1 Quality TestsA sample taken for the purpose ofevaluating the quality of a source or lot of admixtur
27、e will berequired to meet all the applicable requirements of thisspecification. Samples used to determine conformance with therequirements of this specification shall be composites of grabsamples taken from sufficient locations to ensure that thecomposite sample will be representative of the lot.7.3
28、.2 Uniformity TestsA sample taken for the purpose ofevaluating the uniformity of a single lot or of different lotsfrom the same source will generally be subjected to a limitednumber of tests as the result of agreement between thepurchaser and manufacturer (see Section 4). Such samplesshall be compos
29、ite samples from individual lots when differentlots from the same source are being compared. When theuniformity of a single lot is being determined, grab samplesshall be used.7.4 Liquid Air-Entraining AdmixturesLiquid admixturesshall be agitated thoroughly immediately prior to sampling.Grab samples
30、taken for quality or uniformity tests shallrepresent not more than 9500 L 2500 gal of admixture andshall have a volume of at least 1 L 1 qt. A minimum of threeTABLE 1 Physical RequirementsAAir-Entraining AdmixturesTime of setting, allowable deviation from control,h:min:Initial: not more than 1:15 ea
31、rliernor 1:15 laterFinal: not more than 1:15 earliernor 1:15 laterCompressive strength, min, % of control:3 days 907 days 9028 days 90Flexural strength, min, % of control:B3 days 907 days 9028 days 90Length change, max shrinkage(alternative requirements):B,CPercent of control 120Increase over contro
32、l, percentage pointsD0.006Relative durability factor, min 80Bleeding of the net amount of mixing water, maxpercent over controlE2AThe values in the table include allowance for normal variation in test results. Theobject of the 90 % compressive strength requirement for air entraining admixturesis to
33、require a level of performance comparable to that of the reference concrete.BApplicable only when required by the purchaser.CAlternative requirements, see 6.1.2, “percent of control” limit applies when thelength change of the control is 0.030 % or greater, “increase over control” limitapplies when t
34、he length change of the control is less than 0.030 %.DApplicable when shrinkage of control concrete is less than 0.030 %.EBleeding is computed as a percentage of the net amount of mixing water in eachconcrete. The net mixing water is the water in excess of that present as absorbedwater in the aggreg
35、ates. For example, a test concrete mixture that contains 4.65kg of net mix water and produces 0.29 kg of bleed water would have 6.24 % bleedwater by mass of net mixing water. If a control mixture produces 7.05 % bleedwater, the change in bleeding between the test and control concrete mixtureswould b
36、e 0.81 percentage points.C260/C260M 10a (2016)2grab samples shall be taken. Composite samples shall beprepared by thoroughly mixing the grab samples selected andthe resultant mixture sampled to provide at least 4 L 1 gal forquality tests. Grab samples shall be taken from differentlocations well dist
37、ributed throughout the quantity to be repre-sented.7.4.1 Admixtures in bulk storage tanks shall be sampledequally from the upper, intermediate, and lower levels bymeans of drain cocks in the sides of the tanks or a weightedsampling bottle fitted with a stopper that can be removed afterthe bottle is
38、lowered to the desired depth.7.4.2 Samples shall be packaged in impermeable, airtightcontainers that are resistant to attack by the admixture.7.5 Nonliquid Air-Entraining AdmixturesGrab samplestaken for quality or uniformity tests shall represent not morethan 2 Mg 2 tons of admixture and shall have
39、a mass of atleast 1 kg 2 lb. A minimum of four grab samples shall betaken. Composite samples shall be prepared by thoroughlymixing the grab samples selected and the resultant mixturesampled to provide at least 2.5 kg 5 lb for the compositesample. Grab samples shall be taken from different locationsw
40、ell distributed throughout the quantity to be represented.7.5.1 Samples of packaged admixtures shall be obtained bymeans of a tube sampler as described in Practice C183.7.5.2 Samples shall be packaged in moisture-proof, airtightcontainers.7.6 Samples shall be thoroughly mixed before testing toassure
41、 uniformity. When recommended by the manufacturer,the entire sample of a nonliquid admixture shall be dissolved inwater prior to testing.8. Test Methods8.1 Determine the properties enumerated in Section 6 inaccordance with Test Method C233. It is recommended that,whenever practicable, tests be made
42、in accordance with thesection on Materials for Tests for Specific Uses in Test MethodC233, using the cement proposed for the specific work.9. Rejection9.1 The air-entraining admixture shall be rejected if thepurchaser desires when it fails to meet any of the applicablerequirements of this specificat
43、ion.9.2 After completion of tests, an admixture stored at thepoint of manufacture for more than 6 months prior to shipment,or an admixture in local storage in the hands of a seller formore than 6 months, shall be retested before use whenrequested by the purchaser. It shall be rejected, if the purcha
44、serdesires, when it fails to conform to any of the applicablerequirements of this specification.9.3 Packages or containers varying more than 5 % from thespecified weight or volume shall be rejected if the purchaserdesires. If the average weight or volume of 50 packages orcontainers taken at random i
45、s less than that specified, the entireshipment shall be rejected if the purchaser desires.10. Packaging and Marking10.1 The proprietary name of the air-entraining admixtureand the net quantity in pounds or gallons (kilograms or litres)shall be plainly indicated on the packages or containers inwhich
46、the admixture is delivered. Similar information shall beprovided in the shipping advices accompanying packaged orbulk shipments of admixtures.11. Keywords11.1 air content; air entraining admixtures; cement; con-crete; pH, residue; specific gravitySUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee C09 has identified the lo
47、cation of selected changes to this specification since the last issue,C26010, that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved December 15, 2010)(1) Revised the standard as a dual units specification.Committee C09 has identified the location of selected changes to this specification since th
48、e last issue,C26006, that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved December 1, 2010)(1) Revised 5.2.C260/C260M 10a (2016)3ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standar
49、d are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of
