1、Designation: C 309 07Standard Specification forLiquid Membrane-Forming Compounds for Curing Concrete1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 309; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisi
2、on. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers liquid membrane-form
3、ingcompounds suitable for application to concrete surfaces toreduce the loss of water during the early-hardening period.White-pigmented membrane-forming compounds serve theadditional purpose of reducing the temperature rise in concreteexposed to radiation from the sun. The membrane-formingcompounds
4、covered by this specification are suitable for use ascuring media for fresh concrete, and may also be used forfurther curing of concrete after removal of forms or after initialmoist curing.NOTE 1This specification addresses only those properties listed inSections 5 through 8. Membrane-forming compou
5、nds with special prop-erties including better water retention, minimum solids content, resistanceto ultraviolet radiation, acid and alkali resistance and non-interferencewith adhesives are described in Specification C 1315.NOTE 2Solutions of silicate salts are chemically reactive in concreterather t
6、han membrane-forming; therefore, they do not meet the intent ofthis specification.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are provided forinformational purposes only.1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest methods p
7、ortion, Section 10, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limit
8、a-tions prior to use.1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnoteswhich provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotesshall not be considered as requirements of the standard.1.5 This is a performance specification. The allowablecomposition of products covered by this specific
9、ation is limitedby various local, regional, and national regulations. Issuesrelated to air quality (solvent emission), worker exposure, andother hazards are not addressed here. It is the responsibility ofthe producers and users of these materials to comply withpertinent regulations.WarningSome VOC e
10、xempt solvents used to meet theregulations are extremely flammable with low auto ignitiontemperatures and rapid evaporation rates. Consult the manu-facturers product information sheet for important applicationand safety information.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 156 Test Method for Wat
11、er Retention by LiquidMembrane-Forming Curing Compounds for ConcreteC 1315 Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming Com-pounds Having Special Properties for Curing and SealingConcreteD 869 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Settling ofPaintD 883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD 1309 Test Method
12、for Settling Properties of Traffic PaintsDuring StorageD 2369 Test Method for Volatile Content of CoatingsE 1347 Test Method for Color and Color-Difference Mea-surement by Tristimulus Colorimetry3. Classification3.1 The following types of liquid membrane-forming com-pounds are included:3.1.1 Type 1C
13、lear or translucent without dye,3.1.2 Type 1-DClear or translucent with fugitive dye, and3.1.3 Type 2White pigmented.3.2 The solids dissolved in the vehicle shall be one of thefollowing classes:3.2.1 Class ANo restrictions,3.2.2 Class BMust be a resin as defined in TerminologyD 883.NOTE 3Permanent c
14、olors other than white, or other special attributes,1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 onConcrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC09.22 on Materials Applied to New Concrete Surfaces.Current edition approved June 1, 2007. Publi
15、shed July 2007. Originally approvedin 1953. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as C 309 06.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Documen
16、t Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.are beyond the scope of this specification and are subject to negotiationbetween the
17、purchaser and the supplier.4. Ordering Information4.1 The purchaser shall include the following information inthe purchase order when applicable:4.1.1 Type of liquid membrane-forming compound andclass of solids to be furnished, and4.1.2 Rate of application to be used to determine conform-ance to thi
18、s specification. If not specified, the liquid membrane-forming material shall be applied at a rate of 5.0 m2/L (200ft2/gal) for testing purposes.NOTE 4The application rate used for testing may, or may not, be thesame as the rate to be used for field application. Many agencies use thesame rate for fi
19、eld application on relatively smooth surfaces as the rateused for testing, while requiring a substantially greater field applicationrate on deeply textured surfaces.4.1.3 The intended method of application (for example,spraying, brushing, or by roller). If not specified, the materialshall be of a sp
20、rayable consistency.4.1.4 Maximum permissible volatile organic compound(VOC) content if required by applicable regulations.5. General Requirements5.1 Liquid membrane-forming compound Types 1 and 1-Dshall be clear or translucent. Membrane-forming compoundswith a fugitive dye (Type 1-D) shall be readi
21、ly distinguishableupon the concrete surface for at least 4 h after application butshall become inconspicuous within 7 days after application ifexposed to direct sunlight.NOTE 5No laboratory test for the fugitive characteristic of the color indyed (Type 1-D) compounds is provided in this specificatio
22、n. Thedisappearance of these colors is strongly dependent on the nature of theexposure and the rate of application of the compounds.5.2 Type 2 liquid membrane-forming compounds shall con-sist of finely-divided white pigment and vehicle, ready-mixedfor immediate use as is. The membrane-forming compou
23、ndshall present a uniform white appearance when applied uni-formly to a new concrete surface at the specified rate ofapplication.5.3 Liquid membrane-forming compounds shall be of sucha consistency that they can be readily applied by spraying, orby brushing or rolling, when specified, to a uniform co
24、ating attemperatures above 4 C (40 F).NOTE 6For uniform application in the field on vertical concretesurfaces, the specified rate of application may be achieved by two coatsapplied at an interval of approximately 1 h.5.4 Liquid membrane-forming compounds shall adhere tofreshly placed concrete that h
25、as stiffened or set sufficiently toresist marring during application, and to damp, hardenedconcrete, and shall form a continuous film when applied at thespecified rate of application.5.5 Liquid membrane-forming compounds shall not reactdeleteriously with concrete. Deleterious reactions are detectedb
26、y scratching the surface of a mortar specimen (used for thewater-retention test) with a knife or screwdriver, not less than72 h after application, and comparing with the surface hardnesssimilarly determined of a similar specimen that has beenmoist-cured for approximately half as long. Any softening
27、ofthe liquid membrane-forming compound-treated surface indi-cated by such a comparison shall be considered sufficient causefor rejection of the compound.NOTE 7Testing for deleterious reactions need only be done for curingcompounds of a new or unknown composition.5.6 Liquid membrane-forming compounds
28、 shall be storablefor at least 6 months without deterioration, except compoundsof the water-emulsion type will not be expected to resistfreezing. Type 2 liquid membrane-forming compounds shallnot settle out excessively or cake in the container, and shall becapable of being mixed to a uniform consist
29、ency by moderatestirring or agitation. When tested for long-term settling, asstated in 10.4, the compound shall have a rating of not less thanfour.6. Water Retention Properties6.1 Liquid membrane-forming compounds, when tested inaccordance with 10.1, shall restrict the loss of water to notmore than
30、0.55 kg/m2in 72 h.7. Reflectance Properties7.1 Type 2 liquid membrane-forming compounds, whentested in accordance with 10.2, shall exhibit a daylight reflec-tance of not less than 60 %.8. Drying Time Requirement8.1 Liquid membrane-forming compounds, when tested inaccordance with 10.3, shall dry to t
31、ouch in not more than 4 h.9. Sampling9.1 Samples shall be taken either at the plant or warehouseprior to delivery, or at the point of delivery, at the option of thepurchaser. If sampling is done prior to shipment, the inspectorrepresenting the purchaser shall have free access to thematerials being s
32、ampled and shall be afforded all reasonablefacilities for inspection and sampling.9.2 Shake or thoroughly stir liquid membrane-forming com-pounds before taking a sample. Take one sample for each lot,batch, or other unit of production in a shipment. If the liquidmembrane-forming compound is in mixing
33、 tanks or vats, onethird of the sample shall represent the material coming from thetank at the beginning of the filling operation, one third shallrepresent the material coming at the middle of the fillingoperation, and one third shall represent the material coming atthe end of the filling operation.
34、 If the liquid membrane-formingcompound to be sampled is in containers, obtain a sample bytaking a portion out of a number of containers equal in numberto the next integer larger than the cube root of the total numberof containers in the lot.9.3 Seal all of the filled containers represented by thesa
35、mple to prevent leakage, substitution, or dilution. Thesampling agency shall mark each container represented by thesample with a suitable identification mark for later identifica-tion and correlation.C30907210. Test Methods10.1 Water Retention TestUsing the application ratespecified by the purchaser
36、, or 5.0 m2/L (200 ft2/gal) if no rateis specified, test for water retention using Test Method C 156.10.2 Reflectance TestFor Type 2 compounds, on comple-tion of the water retention test, determine the daylight reflec-tance of the specimens in accordance with Test MethodE 1347.NOTE 8Daylight reflect
37、ance is total luminous reflectance factor, CIEtristimulus value Y for CIE 1931 (2) standard observer and CIE standardilluminant C or D56.10.3 Drying Time Test:10.3.1 ScopeThis test method is used to determine thelength of time for a liquid membrane-forming curing com-pound to dry to the touch and de
38、velop into a film that will nottrack off the concrete.10.3.2 Significance and UseThe ability of a liquidmembrane-forming curing compound to dry in a suitablelength of time ensures the user of the ability to perform othertasks on the concrete, such as sawing joints, and so forth,without lifting the m
39、embrane from the concrete by tracking.10.3.3 ProcedureApply the membrane-forming com-pound to a fresh mortar specimen at the specified rate ofapplication and expose it to air at 23 6 2 C (73.4 6 3.6 F),50 6 10 % relative humidity, and at an air velocity of approxi-mately 183 m/min (600 ft/min) horiz
40、ontally across the surfaceof the test specimen. Test the film with the finger usingmoderate pressure. Consider the film to be dry when the softtacky condition no longer exists and the film feels firm.10.3.4 Precision and BiasThe precision for this procedureis still being determined. The value of dry
41、ing time can bedefined only in terms of a test method; therefore, no statementof bias is being made.10.4 Long-Term Settling TestUse Test Method D 1309 forroutine testing. In the case of dispute, use Test Method D 869.10.5 Nonvolatile Content TestTest in accordance withTest Method D 2369.11. Packagin
42、g and Package Marking11.1 The liquid membrane-forming compound shall bedelivered in the manufacturers original, clean, sealed contain-ers. Each container shall be legibly marked with the name ofthe manufacturer, the trade name of the liquid membrane-forming compound, the type of liquid membrane-form
43、ingcompound and class of solids, the nominal percentage ofnonvolatile material, and the manufacturers batch or lotnumber (Note 9). The manufacturer will assign batch or lotnumbers to the quantity of membrane-forming compoundmixed, sampled, and tested as a single lot. The manufacturershall exercise c
44、are in filling the containers so that all areequally representative of the compound produced.NOTE 9The listing of the nominal percentage of nonvolatile materialby the manufacturer, and the reporting of this information on theidentification accompanying the sample, will assist the testing agency inde
45、termining whether the compound in the containers was adequatelystirred and the sample is reasonably representative of the membrane-forming compound produced. Type 2 membrane-forming compounds areespecially prone to separation due to settling of the pigment.12. Keywords12.1 concrete curing; liquid me
46、mbrane-forming compoundsfor curing concreteSUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee C09 has identified the location of selected changes to this specification since the last issue,C 309 06, that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved June 1, 2007)(1) Added new paragraph 1.5.(2) Deleted old 5.7, 10.6,
47、 10.7, and Footnote 3.Committee C09 has identified the location of selected changes to this specification since the last issue,C 309 03, that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved June 1, 2006)(1) Added new Note 1 and renumbered subsequent notes.ASTM International takes no position res
48、pecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This
49、standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Com
