1、Designation: C309 11Standard Specification forLiquid Membrane-Forming Compounds for Curing Concrete1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C309; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision
2、. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers liquid membrane-forming
3、compounds suitable for application to concrete surfaces toreduce the loss of water during the early-hardening period.White-pigmented membrane-forming compounds serve theadditional purpose of reducing the temperature rise in concreteexposed to radiation from the sun. The membrane-formingcompounds cov
4、ered by this specification are suitable for use ascuring media for fresh concrete, and may also be used forfurther curing of concrete after removal of forms or after initialmoist curing.NOTE 1This specification addresses only those properties listed inSections 5 through 8. Membrane-forming compounds
5、 with special prop-erties including better water retention, minimum solids content, resistanceto ultraviolet radiation, acid and alkali resistance and non-interferencewith adhesives are described in Specification C1315.NOTE 2Solutions of silicate salts are chemically reactive in concreterather than
6、membrane-forming; therefore, they do not meet the intent ofthis specification.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are provided forinformational purposes only.1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest methods porti
7、on, Section 10, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-ti
8、ons prior to use.1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnoteswhich provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotesshall not be considered as requirements of the standard.1.5 This is a performance specification. The allowablecomposition of products covered by this specificatio
9、n is limitedby various local, regional, and national regulations. Issuesrelated to air quality (solvent emission), worker exposure, andother hazards are not addressed here. It is the responsibility ofthe producers and users of these materials to comply withpertinent regulations.WarningSome VOC exemp
10、t solvents used to meet theregulations are extremely flammable with low auto ignitiontemperatures and rapid evaporation rates. Consult the manu-facturers product information sheet for important applicationand safety information.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C156 Test Method for Water Lo
11、ss from a Mortar Speci-men Through Liquid Membrane-Forming Curing Com-pounds for ConcreteC1315 Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming Com-pounds Having Special Properties for Curing and SealingConcreteD869 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Settling ofPaintD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD
12、1309 Test Method for Settling Properties of Traffic PaintsDuring StorageD2369 Test Method for Volatile Content of CoatingsE1347 Test Method for Color and Color-Difference Mea-surement by Tristimulus Colorimetry3. Classification3.1 The following types of liquid membrane-forming com-pounds are include
13、d:3.1.1 Type 1Clear or translucent without dye,3.1.2 Type 1-DClear or translucent with fugitive dye, and3.1.3 Type 2White pigmented.3.2 The solids dissolved in the vehicle shall be one of thefollowing classes:3.2.1 Class ANo restrictions,3.2.2 Class BMust be a resin as defined in TerminologyD883.NOT
14、E 3Permanent colors other than white, or other special attributes,1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 onConcrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC09.22 on Materials Applied to New Concrete Surfaces.Current edition approved June
15、1, 2011. Published June 2011. Originallyapproved in 1953. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as C30907. DOI:10.1520/C0309-11.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume informati
16、on, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.are beyond the scope of this specification and are
17、subject to negotiationbetween the purchaser and the supplier.4. Ordering Information4.1 The purchaser shall include the following information inthe purchase order when applicable:4.1.1 Type of liquid membrane-forming compound andclass of solids to be furnished, and4.1.2 Rate of application to be use
18、d to determine confor-mance to this specification. If not specified, the liquidmembrane-forming material shall be applied at a rate of 5.0m2/L (200 ft2/gal) for testing purposes.NOTE 4The application rate used for testing may, or may not, be thesame as the rate to be used for field application. Many
19、 agencies use thesame rate for field application on relatively smooth surfaces as the rateused for testing, while requiring a substantially greater field applicationrate on deeply textured surfaces.4.1.3 The intended method of application (for example,spraying, brushing, or by roller). If not specif
20、ied, the materialshall be of a sprayable consistency.4.1.4 Maximum permissible volatile organic compound(VOC) content if required by applicable regulations.5. General Requirements5.1 Liquid membrane-forming compound Types 1 and 1-Dshall be clear or translucent. Membrane-forming compoundswith a fugit
21、ive dye (Type 1-D) shall be readily distinguishableupon the concrete surface for at least 4 h after application butshall become inconspicuous within 7 days after application ifexposed to direct sunlight.NOTE 5No laboratory test for the fugitive characteristic of the color indyed (Type 1-D) compounds
22、 is provided in this specification. Thedisappearance of these colors is strongly dependent on the nature of theexposure and the rate of application of the compounds.5.2 Type 2 liquid membrane-forming compounds shall con-sist of finely-divided white pigment and vehicle, ready-mixedfor immediate use a
23、s is. The membrane-forming compoundshall present a uniform white appearance when applied uni-formly to a new concrete surface at the specified rate ofapplication.5.3 Liquid membrane-forming compounds shall be of sucha consistency that they can be readily applied by spraying, orby brushing or rolling
24、, when specified, to a uniform coating attemperatures above 4 C (40 F).NOTE 6For uniform application in the field on vertical concretesurfaces, the specified rate of application may be achieved by two coatsapplied at an interval of approximately 1 h.5.4 Liquid membrane-forming compounds shall adhere
25、 tofreshly placed concrete that has stiffened or set sufficiently toresist marring during application, and to damp, hardenedconcrete, and shall form a continuous film when applied at thespecified rate of application.5.5 Liquid membrane-forming compounds shall not reactdeleteriously with concrete. De
26、leterious reactions are detectedby scratching the surface of a mortar specimen (used for thewater-retention test) with a knife or screwdriver, not less than72 h after application, and comparing with the surface hardnesssimilarly determined of a similar specimen that has beenmoist-cured for approxima
27、tely half as long. Any softening ofthe liquid membrane-forming compound-treated surface indi-cated by such a comparison shall be considered sufficient causefor rejection of the compound.NOTE 7Testing for deleterious reactions need only be done for curingcompounds of a new or unknown composition.5.6
28、Liquid membrane-forming compounds shall be storablefor at least 6 months without deterioration, except compoundsof the water-emulsion type will not be expected to resistfreezing. Type 2 liquid membrane-forming compounds shallnot settle out excessively or cake in the container, and shall becapable of
29、 being mixed to a uniform consistency by moderatestirring or agitation. When tested for long-term settling, asstated in 10.4, the compound shall have a rating of not less thanfour.6. Water Loss Properties6.1 Liquid membrane-forming compounds, when tested inaccordance with 10.1, shall restrict the lo
30、ss of water to notmore than 0.55 kg/m2in 72 h.7. Reflectance Properties7.1 Type 2 liquid membrane-forming compounds, whentested in accordance with 10.2, shall exhibit a daylight reflec-tance of not less than 60 %.8. Drying Time Requirement8.1 Liquid membrane-forming compounds, when tested inaccordan
31、ce with 10.3, shall dry to touch in not more than 4 h.9. Sampling9.1 Samples shall be taken either at the plant or warehouseprior to delivery, or at the point of delivery, at the option of thepurchaser. If sampling is done prior to shipment, the inspectorrepresenting the purchaser shall have free ac
32、cess to thematerials being sampled and shall be afforded all reasonablefacilities for inspection and sampling.9.2 Shake or thoroughly stir liquid membrane-forming com-pounds before taking a sample. Take one sample for each lot,batch, or other unit of production in a shipment. If the liquidmembrane-f
33、orming compound is in mixing tanks or vats, onethird of the sample shall represent the material coming from thetank at the beginning of the filling operation, one third shallrepresent the material coming at the middle of the fillingoperation, and one third shall represent the material coming atthe e
34、nd of the filling operation. If the liquid membrane-formingcompound to be sampled is in containers, obtain a sample bytaking a portion out of a number of containers equal in numberto the next integer larger than the cube root of the total numberof containers in the lot.9.3 Seal all of the filled con
35、tainers represented by thesample to prevent leakage, substitution, or dilution. Thesampling agency shall mark each container represented by thesample with a suitable identification mark for later identifica-tion and correlation.C309 11210. Test Methods10.1 Water Retention TestUsing the application r
36、atespecified by the purchaser, or 5.0 m2/L (200 ft2/gal) if no rateis specified, test for water retention using Test Method C156.10.2 Reflectance TestFor Type 2 compounds, on comple-tion of the water retention test, determine the daylight reflec-tance of the specimens in accordance with Test Method
37、E1347.NOTE 8Daylight reflectance is total luminous reflectance factor, CIEtristimulus value Y for CIE 1931 (2) standard observer and CIE standardilluminant C or D56.10.3 Drying Time Test:10.3.1 ScopeThis test method is used to determine thelength of time for a liquid membrane-forming curing com-poun
38、d to dry to the touch and develop into a film that will nottrack off the concrete.10.3.2 Significance and UseThe ability of a liquidmembrane-forming curing compound to dry in a suitablelength of time ensures the user of the ability to perform othertasks on the concrete, such as sawing joints, and so
39、 forth,without lifting the membrane from the concrete by tracking.10.3.3 ProcedureApply the membrane-forming com-pound to a fresh mortar specimen at the specified rate ofapplication and expose it to air at 23 6 2 C (73.4 6 3.6 F),50 6 10 % relative humidity, and at an air velocity of approxi-mately
40、183 m/min (600 ft/min) horizontally across the surfaceof the test specimen. Test the film with the finger usingmoderate pressure. Consider the film to be dry when the softtacky condition no longer exists and the film feels firm.10.3.4 Precision and BiasThe precision for this procedureis still being
41、determined. The value of drying time can bedefined only in terms of a test method; therefore, no statementof bias is being made.10.4 Long-Term Settling TestUse Test Method D1309 forroutine testing. In the case of dispute, use Test Method D869.10.5 Nonvolatile Content TestTest in accordance withTest
42、Method D2369.11. Packaging and Package Marking11.1 The liquid membrane-forming compound shall bedelivered in the manufacturers original, clean, sealed contain-ers. Each container shall be legibly marked with the name ofthe manufacturer, the trade name of the liquid membrane-forming compound, the typ
43、e of liquid membrane-formingcompound and class of solids, the nominal percentage ofnonvolatile material, and the manufacturers batch or lotnumber (Note 9). The manufacturer will assign batch or lotnumbers to the quantity of membrane-forming compoundmixed, sampled, and tested as a single lot. The man
44、ufacturershall exercise care in filling the containers so that all areequally representative of the compound produced.NOTE 9The listing of the nominal percentage of nonvolatile materialby the manufacturer, and the reporting of this information on theidentification accompanying the sample, will assis
45、t the testing agency indetermining whether the compound in the containers was adequatelystirred and the sample is reasonably representative of the membrane-forming compound produced. Type 2 membrane-forming compounds areespecially prone to separation due to settling of the pigment.12. Keywords12.1 c
46、oncrete curing; liquid membrane-forming compoundsfor curing concreteSUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee C09 has identified the location of selected changes to this specification since the last issue,C30907, that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved June 1, 2011)(1) Revised the title of Sectio
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