1、Designation: C450 08 (Reapproved 2014)Standard Practice forFabrication of Thermal Insulating Fitting Covers for NPSPiping, and Vessel Lagging1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C450; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the c
2、ase of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice provides tables of dimensions of pre-formed insulation that shall be used i
3、n fabricating covers foruse on valves, ells, tees, flanges, and vessels in the pressurerange from 150 to 1500 psi (1 to 10 MPa). These tables, whichare part of this standard, are published separately as the ASTMRecommended Dimensional Standards for Fabrication of Ther-mal Insulation Fitting Covers f
4、or NPS Piping, and VesselLagging. The tables provide dimensions for use in formingpipe fitting covers for NPS pipe operating at high temperatureand low temperature. The tables also include dimensions foruse in forming thermal insulation into curved segments, andlagging, for application on vessels. T
5、his practice does not applyto reflective-type insulation.1.2 This practice does not specify fabrication methods.Thermal insulation for fitting covers is formed by numerousfabrication methods. In general, insulations are cut by circularor band saws, shaped by grinders or millers, or molded. Eachmetho
6、d has certain advantages and disadvantages, dependingupon the material to be formed, number of cuts required,material waste permissible, and quantity of fittings beingproduced. Fitting parts are assembled using adhesives andfabrication cements applied using dip pots, rollers, doctorblades, brush, or
7、 trowel, depending upon the materials beingused. Any specification of the fabrication techniques is beyondthe scope of this standard.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for
8、information onlyand are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of reg
9、ulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal InsulationC585 Practice for Inner and Outer Diameters of ThermalInsulation for Nominal Sizes of Pipe and Tubing2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:3Fabrication of Thermal Insulating Covers for NPS Pipingan
10、d Vessel Lagging3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions used in this practice seeTerminology C168.4. Significance and Use4.1 This system of dimensions provides a guide for formingthermal insulation in advance of field application. Forming isdone by cutting, grinding, milling, or molding, depend
11、ing uponthe method most suitable for the thermal insulation beingfabricated. It is equally applicable for all service temperatureranges.5. Basis of Design5.1 All dimensions presented are based on the use of pipeinsulation manufactured to Practice C585 and to the BasicDimensional Standards for Pipe I
12、nsulation as given in Tables 1and Tables 2 of the Fabrication of Thermal Insulating Coversfor NPS Piping and Vessel Lagging.35.2 The tables provide dimensions for insulation fittingcovers for installation on nominal pipe size (NPS) pipeoperating at high and low temperatures.5.3 Dimensions presented
13、for cutting beveled blocks frompreformed thermal insulation (lags) are based on blocks 6 in.(152 mm) wide by the thickness required.5.4 Dimensions given for flanged pairs, flanged fittings, andflanged valves do not allow for flange bolt removal. When bolt1This practice is under the jurisdiction of A
14、STM Committee C16 on ThermalInsulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.20 on HomogeneousInorganic Thermal Insulations.Current edition approved April 1, 2014. Published April 2014. Originallyapproved in 1960. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as C450 08. DOI:10.1520/C0450-08
15、R14.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from ASTM International Headquarters. Order Ad
16、junct No.ADJC0450A. Original adjunct produced in 1976. Adjunct last revised in 2002.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1removal is required, the covering length over the flange shallbe increased as specified by the purchas
17、er.6. Fabrication6.1 Any method of forming may be used if the resultingfitting conforms to inside and outside the dimensions listed.6.2 The main body of the insulation fitting shall be cut fromstandard pipe size pipe covering of the proper size andthickness.6.3 Where only one insulation type is requ
18、ired, and isavailable in sufficient thickness, multiple layers are not re-quired.6.4 Where two insulations of different temperature ratingsare required, each insulation type shall be assembled in itsproper location in the fitting using double layer construction.6.5 Flat block, cut to proper curvatur
19、e, may be used in placeof preformed pipe insulation. The user shall be informed whena change, for example, supplying a fabricated product insteadof a molded or preformed pipe insulation, that may causedifferences in the thermal or mechanical performance charac-teristics of the end product.6.6 Where
20、the body of the flange cover extends overadjacent pipe insulation, the portion of the cover shall befabricated using the pipe insulation as the body and adding aninsert collar. Another method, which has been used, is byadding an insert or section, commonly called a “dutchman,”made of block.6.7 Valve
21、s manufactured by various companies for the samepressure and nominal pipe size may not have the same bonnetdimensions, or height of bonnet flange above centerline ofvalve. Because of this, the valve insulation is designed to fit thelargest valve of a size, type, and pressure. In some instances,addit
22、ional insulation may be required to fill or build up theinsulation for proper fitting around the bonnet. In otherinstances it may be necessary to cut back insulation around thebonnet to provide access to the packing gland. Cutout for handwheel assembly and packing gland should be done at time ofappl
23、ication.7. Assembly and Tolerances7.1 All formed pieces shall fit tightly together so that bothsides and length of the insulation joint can close within amaximum of116 in. (1.6 mm).7.2 Low-temperature pipe insulation fabricated from blockor board stock shall contain no more than four cemented“throug
24、h” joints per full section of insulation, excluding thehalf section mating plane.7.3 Finished pieces shall be identified using tags, attachedstrip, etc. for ease of field installation.7.4 The inner and outer surface of vessel insulation sectionsshall be concentric with the outer surface. The deviati
25、on fromconcentricity shall not exceed316 in. (5 mm).7.5 Material (glue, adhesives, etc.) used in the fabrication offitting covers shall be those recommended by the manufacturerfor the specific application and exposure conditions.8. Field Application Sequence8.1 Insulation coverings for welded or scr
26、ewed fittingsshould be applied before the pipe insulation.8.2 Pipe insulation should be installed up to all flanges,flanged fittings, and flanged valves. Provide sufficient space forfuture bolt removal where required.8.3 Covers for flanges, flanged fittings, and flanged valvesshould be installed so
27、as to extend, not less than specifiedthickness, over adjacent pipe insulation or minimum 2 in.(50mm).8.4 Where required, the junction between the pipe insula-tion and flanged fittings covers can, by use of non-settingcements, sealents or other methods, also serve as an expansionor contraction joint.
28、9. Keywords9.1 dimensions; thermal insulating materials; thermal insu-lating materialsfabrication; thermal insulating materialsfittings; thermal insulating materialspipeASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin
29、this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must
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31、esponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700,
32、 West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).C450 08 (2014)2
