1、Designation: C465 18Standard Specification forProcessing Additions for Use in the Manufactureof Hydraulic Cements1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C465; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of
2、 last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification pertains to the criteria and tests to beused for determining whether a(n) organic or inorganic pr
3、o-cessing addition, when used in the recommended amount at theoption of the cement producer in the manufacture of hydrauliccements, meets the requirements as prescribed by definition inSpecifications C150/C150M, C1157/C1157M, C845/C845M,and C595/C595M. The materials listed in the following formerAST
4、M Specifications shall be considered as meeting theorganic processing additions requirements of this specification:C150/C150M 62, for Portland CementC205 58 T, for Portland Blast-Furnace Slag CementC340 58 T, for Portland Pozzolan CementC358 58, for Slag Cement1.2 The values stated in SI units are t
5、o be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest methods described in this specification. This standard doesnot purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,associated with its use. It is th
6、e responsibility of the user of thisstandard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environ-mental practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard
7、-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C33/C33M Specification for Concrete AggregatesC39
8、/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylin-drical Concrete SpecimensC78/C78M Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete(Using Simple Beam with Third-Point Loading)C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength ofHydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or 50-mm CubeSpecimens)C114 Test Meth
9、ods for Chemical Analysis of HydraulicCementC115 Test Method for Fineness of Portland Cement by theTurbidimeterC138/C138M Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield,and Air Content (Gravimetric) of ConcreteC143/C143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-CementConcreteC150/C150M Specification for Por
10、tland CementC151/C151M Test Method for Autoclave Expansion of Hy-draulic CementC173/C173M Test Method forAir Content of Freshly MixedConcrete by the Volumetric MethodC185 Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic CementMortarC187 Test Method for Amount of Water Required for Nor-mal Consistency of Hyd
11、raulic Cement PasteC191 Test Methods for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cementby Vicat NeedleC192/C192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete TestSpecimens in the LaboratoryC204 Test Methods for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement byAir-Permeability ApparatusC205 Specification for Portland Blast-Furnace Ce
12、ment; Re-placed by C 595 (Withdrawn 1967)3C226 Specification for Air-Entraining Additions for Use inthe Manufacture of Air-Entraining Hydraulic CementC231/C231M Test Method forAir Content of Freshly MixedConcrete by the Pressure MethodC293/C293M Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete(Using Si
13、mple Beam With Center-Point Loading)C340 Specification for Corkboard Thermal Insulation; Re-placed by C 640 (Withdrawn 1967)31This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 onCement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.20 on Additions.Current edition approved Apri
14、l 1, 2018. Published April 2018. Originallyapproved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as C465 16. DOI:10.1520/C0465-18.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume infor
15、mation, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshoho
16、cken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organi
17、zation Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1C358 Specification for Slag Cement; Replaced by C 595(Withdrawn 1967)3C595/C595M Specification for Blended Hydraulic CementsC596 Test Method for Drying Shrinkage of Mortar Contain-ing Hydraulic CementC617/C617M Practice for Capping Cylindrical Conc
18、reteSpecimensC845/C845M Specification for Expansive Hydraulic Ce-mentC1157/C1157M Performance Specification for HydraulicCementD891 Test Methods for Specific Gravity,Apparent, of LiquidIndustrial Chemicals (Withdrawn 2018)3E203 Test Method for Water Using Volumetric Karl FischerTitration3. Materials
19、3.1 Cements:3.1.1 In cases where it is desired that the proposed organicprocessing addition be accepted for general use in portlandcement, tests shall be made on cements prepared from at leastfive different clinkers. As a minimum, these clinkers shallrepresent two Type I cements containing not less
20、than 9.0 %C3A, one Type II cement, and two Type III cements, allconforming to Specification C150/C150M.3.1.2 In cases where it is also desired that the proposedorganic processing addition be used in blended cements, thetest and test procedures shall be as specified with a control andan addition for
21、cement conforming to the appropriate Specifi-cation C595/C595M or C1157/C1157M.3.1.3 Organic processing additions which have been shownto meet the requirements of this specification may also be usedin cements conforming to Specification C845/C845M. Testingof the addition with these special cements,
22、where desired, shallbe done using the tests and test procedures as specified with acontrol cement and a cement containing the addition, bothconforming to Specification C845/C845M.3.1.4 In cases where it is desired that the proposed organicprocessing addition be limited in use to specific types ofcem
23、ent less in number than required in 3.1.1, the tests and testprocedures shall be as specified, and at least two pairs ofcements shall be prepared from two clinkers from differentplants for each type under specific consideration.3.1.5 For inorganic processing additions, or in cases whereit is desired
24、 that the proposed organic processing addition belimited in use to a single plant, the tests and test proceduresshall be as specified and at least two pairs of cements shall beprepared from clinker representing each type under specificconsideration.3.1.6 Two companion cements are to be made from any
25、 oneclinker. The companion cements shall be prepared from theclinker and shall be: a) cement that does not contain theproposed processing addition (control cement), and b) cementthat does contain the proposed processing addition. The twocompanion cements shall be ground to the same fineness within7m
26、2/kg when tested in accordance with Test Method C115 orwithin 13 m2/kg when tested in accordance with Test MethodC204, and the SO3content, expressed as a percentage of thecement mass and reported to the nearest 0.01 %, shall differ bynot more than 0.3, so as to afford comparable samples forindicatin
27、g the effect of the addition on the cement. Each controlcement shall comply with all requirements in the specificationapplicable to that type of cement, and shall not contain theproposed addition when tested by the method furnished by theproducer or seller of the addition.3.1.7 The percentage of eac
28、h of the following shall bedetermined for each lot of cement tested: silicon dioxide(SiO2), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), ferric oxide (Fe2O3), calciumoxide (CaO), magnesium oxide (MgO), sulfur trioxide (SO3),ignition loss, insoluble residue, sodium oxide (Na2O), andpotassium oxide (K2O). There shall also
29、 be calculated thepotential percentages of the following compounds: tricalciumsilicate, dicalcium silicate, tricalcium aluminate, and tetracal-cium aluminoferrite. Determinations for the percentage of theaddition shall be made, both on the control cements and onthose with which the addition was inte
30、rground, using themethod proposed therefore by the sponsor.3.2 AggregatesThe fine and coarse aggregates shall com-ply with Specification C33/C33M; the coarse aggregate shallcomply with the grading requirements for Size No. 57 or SizeNo. 67. A sufficient quantity from a single lot of coarseaggregate
31、and from a single lot of fine aggregate shall beprovided to complete all tests. To prevent the segregation ofparticle sizes in the fine aggregate, a single lot of sand sufficientfor all tests shall either (1) be separated on the 4.75-mm (No.4), 1.18-mm (No. 16), 300 m (No. 50), and 150 m (No. 100)si
32、eves and then be recombined in the required quantity for eachbatch; or (2) be blended while in a damp condition, andmaintained in that condition for the duration of the tests. Underoption (2), lots of appropriate size for single mortar andconcrete batches shall be carefully split or quartered from t
33、heentire batch.4. General Requirements4.1 Processing additions shall conform to the respectiverequirements in this specification.4.2 The trade name, source, character of the material, andmeans for the quantitative determination of the addition in thefinished cement shall be furnished by the sponsor,
34、manufacturer, or supplier of the addition, and the informationshall form a part of the record of tests of the addition. If theprocessing addition is a liquid, the specific gravity and percentwater content shall also be part of the record. If the processingaddition is an inorganic solid, the allowabl
35、e ranges of chemicalanalysis of the addition shall also be part of the record.4.2.1 The specific gravity, run in accordance with 7.1.1 shallbe within 60.05 units of the value reported in 4.2.4.2.2 The chemical analysis in 7.2.1 shall be within theranges given in 4.2.4.3 Processing additions shall be
36、 evaluated by comparingcements containing the addition to otherwise identical cementsfrom the same source without the addition, or containing aprocessing addition which has been shown to comply with thisspecification using control cements without any additions,hereinafter designated the “control” ce
37、ment.C465 1824.4 The amount of the processing addition to be intergroundwith the cement for evaluation purposes shall be determined bythe sponsor of the addition.4.4.1 The amount of the addition in the cement containingthe addition and showing compliance with the requirements ofthis specification sh
38、all be determined quantitatively by meansof the quantitative determination required by 4.2.4.4.2 The amount of addition, so determined, shall be usedto state the amount of addition that shows compliance with thisspecification.4.4.3 When tests on cements containing the addition showcompliance with th
39、e requirements of this specification, theaddition in cement may be used in any amount up to themaximum amount showing compliance.4.5 The cement produced for evaluation purposes with theprocessing addition shall comply with the appropriate Speci-fications C150/C150M, C845/C845M, C1157/C1157M,orC595/C
40、595M, except that it contains the addition under test.The effect of the addition on the properties of the cement shallalso be within the following limits:4.5.1 The percentage of water by mass of cement requiredfor normal consistency of cement containing the addition shallnot exceed that required by
41、the corresponding control cementby more than 1.0. For those cements not limited to a fixedwater requirement, the percentage of water by mass of cementrequired for standard consistency of the mortar used forstrength determinations as described in 4.5.4 shall not beincreased by more than 2.0 by the ad
42、dition over that requiredfor the control cement.4.5.2 The time of setting of cement containing the additionshall not vary from the time of setting of the correspondingcontrol cement by more than1hor50%,whichever is thelesser.4.5.3 The autoclave expansion of cement containing theaddition, expressed a
43、s a percentage change in length, shall benot more than 0.10 greater than that of the correspondingcontrol cement.4.5.4 The compressive strength of mortar cubes made withcement containing the addition, in accordance with TestMethod C109/C109M, and tested at 1, 3, 7, and 28 days for alltypes, shall be
44、 compared with strengths obtained with thecontrol cement at similar ages. The grand average of theseindividual strength percentages shall be not less than 95 % ofthe control cement values. It is required that cubes forcompanion cements be made and tested on the same days, withstorage of specimens si
45、de by side in the same section of themoist cabinet during the 24-h curing period. Retesting ofcompanion cements on the same, or a following, day isrequired in order to provide six, rather than three, test speci-mens for each cement and age of test.4.5.5 The ultimate drying shrinkage (percent) of mor
46、tarmade with cement containing the addition shall not be morethan 0.025 greater than that of similar mortar made with thecorresponding control cement when tested in accordance withTest Method C596.4.5.6 The compressive strength of the concrete made withcement containing the addition shall be compare
47、d withstrengths obtained with the control cement at similar ages. Thegrand average of these individual strength percentages shall benot less than 90 % of the values for the control cement.4.5.7 The flexural strength of concrete made with cementcontaining the addition shall be compared with strengths
48、obtained with the control cement at similar ages. The grandaverage of these individual strength percentages shall be notless than 90 % of the values for the control cement.4.5.8 The amount of air-entraining addition required toproduce 19 6 3 % air in the mortar test made in accordancewith Test Metho
49、d C185, with the cement containing theaddition under test, shall be not greater than 120 % of theamount required to produce, within 61 %, the air contentobtained with the control cement. The air-entraining additionused shall meet the requirements of Specification C226.4.6 Processing additions which provide maximum effects asgrinding aids or pack set inhibitors may increase cementflowability to a point where mill retention time is reducedsufficiently to affect significantly the particle size distributionof the resulting cement and its physical-chemical properties.Mill re
