1、Designation: C502 09C502 16Standard Test Method forWedging of Flat, Rectangular Ceramic Wall and Floor Tile1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C502; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last
2、revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the wedging or deviation from rectangularity of flat, rectangular wall and flo
3、ortile. The test method covers tile as defined in Terminology C242.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use.
4、It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C242 Terminology of Ceramic Whitewares and Related ProductsC499 Test Method for F
5、acial Dimensions and Thickness of Flat, Rectangular Ceramic Wall and Floor Tile3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 wedging of tilethe difference between two spaced measurements of the length or width of a tile, expressed as apercentage of the distance between points of measurements.3.2 For the defin
6、ition of major and minor facial dimensions see Test Method C499.4. Significance and Use4.1 Tile are normally pressed in dies having true 90 angle construction. However, minor variations in die fill, compactingpressure, and heat treatment can result in finished tile with acute and obtuse angles. This
7、 out-of-squareness results in a differencein length of opposite sides, and the tile may have the appearance of a keystone or wedge.4.2 Excessive wedging presents difficulties in the installation of tile. This test method provides a means for determining thedegree of wedging.5. Apparatus5.1 An appara
8、tus as shown in Fig. 1 or other suitable apparatus. The dial gage (B) is used for measuring rectangularity.5.2 A calibrating plate made of steel or aluminum of accurate dimensions and with straight, flat sides.6. Test Specimens6.1 At least ten tile specimens shall be selected at random from the lot
9、to be tested. The specimens shall be brushed to removeall adhering particles of clay and sand.7. Procedure7.1 Select an apparatus of the appropriate dimensions so that, when a tile is placed in the apparatus, the locating studs are 5 mmfrom each corner of the side adjacent to the side being measured
10、. The plunger of the gage (B) shall also be 5 mm from the cornerof the tile on the side being measured.1 This method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C21 on Ceramic Whitewares and Related Productsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C21.06on Ceramic Tile.Current edition approv
11、ed Jan. 1, 2009Nov. 1, 2016. Published January 2009November 2016. Originally approved 1962. Last previous edition approved in 20042009 asC502 04.C502 09. DOI: 10.1520/C0502-09.10.1520/C0502-16.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at ser
12、viceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version.
13、 Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International,
14、100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States17.2 Fit the appropriate calibrating plate exactly into position on the instrument and adjust the gauge reading to a suitable knownvalue.7.3 Remove the calibrating plate, place the proper surface of the tile on the lo
15、cating studs in the apparatus, and record the gagereading 5 mm from the corner. Rotate the tile, if square, to obtain four measurements. Repeat this procedure for each tile. In thecase of oblong tiles, use separate instruments of the appropriate dimensions to measure lengths and widths. Measure to a
16、n accuracyof 0.1 mm.7.4 For oblong tiles with longer edge 60 cm, and ratio between longer edge and shorter edge 3, only dL and percent wedgingshall be dLS determined (see Fig. 3).8. Calculation8.1 Calculate the percentage of wedging or deviation from rectangularity as follows:Wedging is expressed as
17、:dL 31005% (1)where:L = length of the adjacent side of the tile andd = deviation of the outer corner of the side of the tile (measured 5 mm from the corner) from the inner side of the calibratingplate.8.1.1 In millimeters, d, for square tiles (see Fig. 2) and deviation dL and dS for oblong tiles (se
18、e Fig. 3).8.1.2 A percentage, using the formula:dL for square tiles, anddLS anddSL for oblong tileswhere:L = length of the sides of the tile in accordance with Figs. 2 and 3,S =d = deviation of the outer corner of the side of the tile (measured 5 mm from the corner) from the inner side of the calibr
19、atingplate.9. Report9.1 The report shall give the type and number of tile tested and shall show for each specimen:9.1.1 Average, maximum, and minimum percentage of wedging of the major lengths,9.1.2 Average, maximum, and minimum percentage of wedging of the major widths,9.1.3 Average, maximum, and m
20、inimum percentage of wedging of the minor lengths, and9.1.1 Average, maximum, and minimum percentage of wedging ofwedging, in millimeters and as a percentage of the major andminor lengths and widths, except for oblong tiles when the longer edge 60 cm and the ratio between the longer edge and theFIG.
21、 1 Apparatus for Measurement of Straightness of Sides and RectangularityC502 162shorter edge 3, where only dL and percent wedging dLS the minor widths.shall be reported.NOTE 1For nominally square tile, 9.1.2length and 9.1.4 are not given width are assumed as equal and 9.1.1 and 9.1.3 for such tile a
22、re calculated fromthe maximum difference among the four measurements.10. Precision and Bias10.1 Precision is being determined.10.2 Bias depends almost entirely on the accuracy of the measuring devices and care taken to set up the equipment. Nointerlaboratory data are available with which to estimate
23、 a bias.11. Keywords11.1 flat, rectangular ceramic wall and floor tile; wedgingFIG. 2 Wedging (Square Tiles)C502 163ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly a
24、dvised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, eith
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26、If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Indiv
27、idual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 3 Wedging (Oblong Tiles)C502 164
