1、Designation: C584 81 (Reapproved 2016)Standard Test Method forSpecular Gloss of Glazed Ceramic Whitewares and RelatedProducts1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C584; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision,
2、 the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of 60 specu-lar gloss of glazed ceramic whitewares and related
3、products.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Ref
4、erenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D523 Test Method for Specular Gloss3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 specular glossthe ratio of reflected to incident light,times 1000, for specified apertures of illumination and recep-tion when the axis of reception coincides with the mirror imageof the axis
5、of illumination.34. Significance and Use4.1 This test method provides a means of establishingspecular gloss limits for bright, semi-mat, and mat glazedsurfaces. It is realized that specular gloss measurements do notalways correlate well with visual rankings of glossiness be-cause specular gloss is o
6、nly one of several related appearanceattributes that produce the sensation of gloss. However, theprescribed test method is of sufficient accuracy for the intendedpurpose.NOTE 1If a greater degree of distinction between bright glazedsurfaces is desired, the 20 geometry instrument will provide it.45.
7、Apparatus5.1 Instrumental ComponentsThe apparatus shall consistof an incandescent light source and lens furnishing an incidentbeam of rays of required aperture, means for locating thesurface of the specimen, and a receptor located to receive therequired pyramid of rays reflected from the specimen. T
8、hereceptor shall be a photosensitive device having maximumresponse near the middle of the visible region of the specimen.5.2 Geometric ConditionsThe axis of the incident beamshall be 60 from the perpendicular to the specimen surface.The axis of the receptor beam shall be coincident with themirror im
9、age of the axis of the incident beam. A flat piece ofpolished black glass in the specimen position shall form animage of the source in the center of the receptor window. Thelength of the illuminated area of the specimen shall be equal tonot more than one third the distance from the center of this ar
10、eato the receptor field stop. The axis of the incident beam and theaxis of the receptor shall be within 0.1 of the nominal valueindicated by the geometry. The dimensions and tolerances ofthe source and receptor shall be as indicated in Table 1 (seealso Test Method D523). The angular dimensions of th
11、ereceptor field stop are measured from the receptor lens in acollimated-beam type instrument, and from the test surface ina converging-beam type instrument. See Fig. 1 for a general-ized illustration of the dimensions. The tolerances are chosenso that errors of no more than one gloss unit at any poi
12、nt on thescale will result from errors in the source and receptorapertures.45.3 VignettingThere shall be no vignetting of rays that liewithin the field angles specified in 5.2.5.4 Spectral ConditionsResults should not differ signifi-cantly from those obtained with a source-filter photocellcombinatio
13、n that is spectrally corrected to yield CIE luminousefficiency with CIE Source C. Since specular reflection is, in1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C21 on CeramicWhitewares and Related Products and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC21.03 on Methods for Whiteware
14、s and Environmental Concerns.Current edition approved July 1, 2016. Published July 2016. Originally approvedin 1965. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as C584 81 (2011). DOI:10.1520/C058481R16.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service
15、at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website. DOI: 10.1520/C0584-81R06.3See Illing, A. M., “Comparison of Instrument Measurement and VisualEstimation of Specular Gloss of Glazed Ceramic Tile,” Materials Resea
16、rch no minimum specification.FIG. 1 Generalized Glossmeter Showing Apertures and Source Image Formation for a Collimated-Beam Type InstrumentC584 81 (2016)211. Precision and Bias11.1 Readings obtained on the same instrument should berepeatable to within 1 % of the magnitude of the readings.Readings
17、obtained on different instruments should be repro-ducible to within 5 % of the magnitude of the readings.Results obtained may be uncertain due to the cumulative effectof several sources of error, that is, difference between thegeometric distribution of flux reflected from standards andspecimens may
18、bring about uncertainties in the measuredgloss, even though the source and receiver apertures are withinthe tolerances specified in 5.2; inaccuracy of reading mayresult even though the precision of the measurement mecha-nism is held within the tolerance specified in 5.5; and lensarrangement and stra
19、y reflections from the interior walls of theinstrument may cause errors in gloss readings.12. Keywords12.1 glazed ceramic whitewares; specular glossASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users
20、of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every fi
21、ve years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical
22、committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, P
23、A 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 81 (2016)3
