1、2005 年 3月国家公共英语（三级）真题试卷及答案与解析 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word or phrase for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 0 Many years ago when the summers seemed longer and life was less complicated, we had rented a
2、cottage【 C1】 _a river in the heart of the country【 C2】 _the whole family was going to【 C3】 _a three-week holiday. There were four of us: me, Mum and Dad, and Mums sister, Auntie June. Oh, and I mustnt forget to【 C4】_Spot, our little dog. I was【 C5】 _to go off by myself all day,【 C6】_I promised to be
3、 careful and took Spot with me for【 C7】 _. One day I was out fishing with Spot when we heard a lot of shouting in the【 C8】_followed by a scream and splash. I was a bit【 C9】 _so I called Spot and we both hid【 C10】 _a bush where we could see but not be【 C11】 _.After a few moments, a straw hat came dri
4、fting down the river, followed by an oar, a picnic basket and【 C12】 _oar. Then came the rowing boat itself, but it was【 C13】_upside down! A few seconds later my Dad and Auntie June came running【 C14】 _the river bank, both wet【 C15】 _. Spot started barking so I came out of hiding and said hello. My D
5、ad got really angry【 C16】 _me for not trying to catch the boat as it went past. Luckily,【 C17】 _, the boat and both the oars had been caught by an overhanging tree a little further downstream, but not the hat or picnic basket. So I had to let them【 C18】 _my sandwiches. Dad and Auntie June both made
6、me【 C19】 _not to tell Mum what had happened【 C20】 _she would be worried. 1 【 C1】 （ A） on （ B） by （ C） in （ D） across 2 【 C2】 （ A） where （ B） that （ C） which （ D） when 3 【 C3】 （ A） plan （ B） manage （ C） consume （ D） spend 4 【 C4】 （ A） mention （ B） bring （ C） send （ D） lead 5 【 C5】 （ A） forced （ B） or
7、dered （ C） allowed （ D） encouraged 6 【 C6】 （ A） even if （ B） provided （ C） lest （ D） as if 7 【 C7】 （ A） instruction （ B） inspection （ C） protection （ D） supervision 8 【 C8】 （ A） place （ B） space （ C） sky （ D） distance 9 【 C9】 （ A） scared （ B） amused （ C） excited （ D） disturbed 10 【 C10】 （ A） beside
8、（ B） before （ C） behind （ D） beneath 11 【 C11】 （ A） seen （ B） viewed （ C） watched （ D） observed 12 【 C12】 （ A） the other （ B） each other （ C） another （ D） one another 13 【 C13】 （ A） rolling （ B） floating （ C） circling （ D） sinking 14 【 C14】 （ A） down （ B） beside （ C） to （ D） on 15 【 C15】 （ A） within
9、 （ B） over （ C） under （ D） through 16 【 C16】 （ A） at （ B） against （ C） with （ D） to 17 【 C17】 （ A） moreover （ B） then （ C） therefore （ D） however 18 【 C18】 （ A） spare （ B） share （ C） borrow （ D） divide 19 【 C19】 （ A） agree （ B） decide （ C） guarantee （ D） promise 20 【 C20】 （ A） except that （ B） in ca
10、se （ C） in order that （ D） on condition that Part A Directions: Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 Earthquakes may rightly be ranked as one of the most destructive forces known to man: since records bega
11、n to be written down, it has been estimated that earthquake-related fatalities have numbered in the millions, and that earthquake-related destruction has been beyond calculation. The greater part of such damage and loss of life has been due to collapse of buildings and the effects of rockslides, flo
12、ods, fire, disease, tsunamis (gigantic sea waves), and other observable events resulting from earthquakes, rather than from the quakes them-selves. The great majority of all earthquakes occur in two specific geographic areas. One such area covers the Pacific Ocean and its bordering landmasses. The o
13、ther extends from the East Indians to the Atlas Mountains, including the Himalayas, Iran, Turkey, and the Alpine regions. It is in these two great belts or zones that ninety percent of all earthquakes take place; they may, however, happen anywhere at any time. This element of the unknown has for cen
14、turies added greatly to the dread and horror surrounding earthquakes, but in recent times there have been indications that earthquake forecast may be possible. By analyzing changes in animal behavior, patterns of movements in the earths shell, variations in the earths force of attraction, and the fr
15、equency with which minor earth shakes are observed, scientists have shown increasing success in expecting when and where earthquakes will strike. As a result, a worldwide earthquake warning network is already in operation and has helped to prepare for (and thus lessen) the vast destruction that migh
16、t otherwise have been totally unexpected. It is doubtful that man will ever be able to control earthquakes and get rid of their destructive- ness altogether, but as how and why earthquakes happen become better understood, man will be-come more and more able to deal with their possible damage before
17、they occur. 21 Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? （ A） Earthquake destruction is declining. （ B） Earthquake forecast is improving. （ C） Man is no longer fearful of earthquakes. （ D） Man is capable of conquering earthquakes. 22 We can infer from the passage that quake
18、s_. （ A） may happen anywhere at any time （ B） mostly strike in oceans and mountains （ C） are unobservable in masses of land （ D） are hardly the direct cause of fatalities 23 The phrase “this element of the unknown“ (Paragraph 3) refers to_. （ A） the extension of earthquake zones （ B） the percentage
19、of earthquake occurrences （ C） when and where earthquakes may occur （ D） what big damage earthquakes may cause 24 Mans research on earthquake forecast at present is to_. （ A） reduce the loss from earthquake disasters （ B） lower the frequency of earthquakes （ C） release the energy that causes earthqu
20、akes （ D） analyze the relationship between different earthquakes 25 Which of the following describes the authors purpose in writing the passage? （ A） Inform the reader. （ B） Entertain the reader. （ C） Disprove a concept. （ D） Question a concept. 25 The rate of population growth is fastest in underde
21、veloped countries. In these countries a high birth rate is accompanied by a lowered death rate thanks to improved standards of public health. Ideally it should be possible to counter balance the effect of a reduced death rate by an increased use of family planning. In practice, however, population c
22、ontrol is a complex matter. Throughout history people have determined the size of their families ac-cording to the cultural values of their societies. Population control has long been a subject of discussion among researchers. Some have argued that the supply of good land is limited. In order to fee
23、d a large population, bad land must be cultivated and the good land overworked. As a result, each person produces less in a given amount of time and this means a lower average income than could be obtained with a smaller population. Other researchers have argued that a large population gives more sc
24、ope for the development of facilities such as sports, roads and railways, which are not likely to be built unless there is a big demand to justify them. Similarly, it can be argued that the public costs of society will not be so heavy to each individual if they are shared among the members of a larg
25、e population. One of the difficulties in implementing birth control lies in the fact that the official attitudes to population growth vary from country to country. In underdeveloped countries where a large population is pressing hard upon the limits of food, space and natural re-sources, it will be
26、the first concern of government to place a limit on the birth rate. In a well-developed society the problem may be more complex. A declining birth rate may lead to unemployment because it results in a shrinking market. Cities with a declining population may have to face the prospect of a shrinking t
27、ax base and a fall in land values. If there are fewer children going to school, teachers may be thrown out of work. When the pressure of population on housing declines, prices also decline and the building industry is weakened. Faced with considerations such as these, the government of a developed c
28、ountry may well prefer to see a slowly increasing population, rather than one which is stable or in decline. 26 One reason for quick population increase in underdeveloped countries is that_. （ A） those countries encourage people to have large families （ B） people can get government support if they h
29、ave more kids （ C） improved public health standards have reduced death rate greatly （ D） those countries have enough resources to support a large population 27 The writer suggests that policy makers should consider cultural values_. （ A） in carrying out family planning （ B） in producing birth contro
30、l drugs （ C） in improving public health standards （ D） in introducing birth control techniques 28 A large population in an underdeveloped country may lead to_. （ A） a rise in work efficiency （ B） a shortage of farm workers （ C） a decline in grain production （ D） a reduction in average income 29 Some
31、 people believe that population control in developed countries may_. （ A） increase market demand （ B） lower unemployment rate （ C） slow down economic growth （ D） create more job opportunities 30 According to the writer, developed countries prefer_. （ A） a standstill population （ B） a fast increasing
32、 population （ C） a slowly growing population （ D） a steadily decreasing population 30 Everyone knows how the story of Cinderella ends, but did you ever really think about how she spent her days before she met the prince? Her daily routine was not fascinating. She did everything from sweeping the flo
33、or to cooking the meals. If someone had asked Cinderella, “Are there any kinds of household work that you particularly hate?“ She probably would have answered, “Why, none, of course. Housework is my duty!“ In the real world, however, most people have definite dislikes for certain sorts of household
34、work. Two of these tasks are ironing clothes and washing dishes. Ironing clothes is most hated because it is not a task that can be completed quickly or thoughtlessly. Each piece of clothing must be handled individually, so ironing a basket of laundry can take hours! After ironing a piece of clothin
35、g with great caution, which requires smoothing out the fabric, and following the seams, you need to place it on a hanger as soon as possible. If you do not follow these directions carefully, it might become wrinkled and you have to start over. Perhaps that is why ironing is not a favorite thing to d
36、o. It calls for extreme attention to detail from beginning to end. Another household job that many people dislike is washing dishes. Of course, some people claim that this work is no longer a problem because we have dishwashers now! How-ever, no one would argue that dishes, silverware, and especiall
37、y pots and pans washed in a dishwasher dont come out as clean as they do when washed by hand. For this reason, many of us continue to wash our dishes by hand, but we are not necessarily happy doing it. Cleaning dishes is a job that not only takes a lot of energy but also requires the patience to was
38、h and dry them. In addition, unlike ironing clothes, washing dishes is a thing that usually must be done every day. I dont know how Cinderella felt about this particular task, but I believe that most people hate it as much as I do. 31 For Cinderella, doing household work is_. （ A） an assignment （ B）
39、 a compulsion （ C） an obligation （ D） a burden 32 Most people hate to do clothes-ironing because_. （ A） it has to be done by one person （ B） it must be handled skillfully （ C） it involves careful planning （ D） it is time-consuming 33 To avoid ironing the clothes over again, one should_. （ A） know ho
40、w to iron certain clothes material （ B） spare no care through all the procedures （ C） find some proper hangers for the ironed （ D） pay special attention to the seams 34 Many people still prefer washing dishes by hand to machine washing because_. （ A） hand-washed dishes are cleaner （ B） dishwashers a
41、re not so easily handled （ C） some dishes cannot be machine-washed （ D） washing dishes by hand is cheaper 35 Ironing is different from dishwashing in that_. （ A） it requires patience （ B） it is not a daily routine （ C） it is not laborious （ D） it demands less care Part B Directions: Read the text, m
42、atch the items (61-65) to one of the statements (A to G) given below. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 35 Peter: My favorite childhood play area was the back garden. Back in the days when I was growing up on a large housing estate, the goals would be a pair of garage doors or two jackets laid ou
43、t in the garden. I would spend hours kicking a ball about with my dad, learning how to control, dribble or kick it. Simon: The playground was quite small. The floor was covered with flat bricks and there were many that were cracked or broken or missing, and a few weeds struggled through. It was tota
44、lly enclosed on one side by the school and on the other by high brick walss. It was more like a prison yard on top of the walls was a layer of concrete into which pieces of broken glass had been stuck. After school was finished my friends and I would climb a lamppost outside the school and sit on to
45、p of the wall, slowly breaking off the bits of glass. Alan: I come from an area of terraced houses, pavements and streets. There were no gardens. My first school was Princes Street Primary and the room in which 1 received my first lessons had large, folding glass doors that opened onto a small playg
46、round that had grass, bushes and flowers. My amazement at seeing these items, which are normal to most of the world, has stayed with me all my life. Nick: I was strictly forbidden from the obvious playground a long, overgrown ditch running through waste ground, mainly built to take away the rain. It
47、 was irresistible to us local schoolchildren. Its charm, compared with the surrounding tennis courts, football pitches and farmland, was purely because it was out of bounds. That area was truly where I grew up , more than in the rest of the little towns correct and neat suburbia, where my house was.
48、 Julie: Unitl I was twelve I was brought up on airforce camps and each camp had a small play-ground in the middle of the houses. It was always a great meeting place and I remember sit-ting with my friends on the swings many evenings until dark. You would often go out and swing for hours until someon
49、e else came out. I always liked swinging. Note: there are two extra statements. Statements A. I developed sporting skills there. B. I never went straight home from school. C. I enjoyed the feeling of flying. D. My play area was just outside my classroom. E. I enjoyed both being alone and with friends. F. I played in a place dangerous in others eyes. G. There were some playground equipment around my play area.
