1、2005年 9月国家公共英语（三级）真题试卷及答案与解析 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word or phrase for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 1 In common with many countries, Britain has serious environmental problems. In 1952, more than
2、4,000 people died in London because of the smog. The government 【 26】 _ new laws to stop smog from coal fires and factories and the 【 27】_ improved a lot. Today, London is much cleaner 【 28】 _ there is a new problem: smog from cars. In December 1991, there was very 【 29】 _ wind in London and polluti
3、on 【 30】 _ a lot, which led to 160 deaths in just four days. 【 31】 _ of the problem is the new “out of town“ shopping centers. In the past, people often 【 32】 _ to shops near their homes or went by bus. Today, many people drive to the new shopping centers. 【 33】 _ , the small shops have 【 34】_ and m
4、ore people have to go a long way to 【 35】 _ their shopping. Critics say that Britain needs better and cheaper public 【 36】 _ . Many people are trying to 【 37】 _ the use of cars in Britain. Some cities now have special bicycle 【 38】 _ and many people ride to work. Some people also 【 39】 _ to work tog
5、ether in one car to reduce the pollution and the 【 40】 _ . Sometimes people take “direct 【 41】 _ “. In 1995, for example, many people wanted to 【 42】 _ a new road near Newbury. They built houses 【 43】 _ trees and lived there for many months. It 【 44】 _ a long time to force the people out of the tree
6、s 【 45】 _ work on the road could continue. 1 【 26】 （ A） embraced （ B） comprehended （ C） introduced （ D） deduced 2 【 27】 （ A） situation （ B） state （ C） circumstances （ D） surroundings 3 【 28】 （ A） since （ B） until （ C） though （ D） but 4 【 29】 （ A） little （ B） strong （ C） cold （ D） frequent 5 【 30】 （
7、A） swelled （ B） increased （ C） expanded （ D） grew 6 【 31】 （ A） Part （ B） Much （ C） Some （ D） All 7 【 32】 （ A） drove （ B） went （ C） walked （ D） cycled 8 【 33】 （ A） Meanwhile （ B） As a result （ C） Nevertheless （ D） Besides 9 【 34】 （ A） descended （ B） decreased （ C） disappeared （ D） departed 10 【 35】 （
8、 A） keep （ B） do （ C） make （ D） have 11 【 36】 （ A） service （ B） traffic （ C） transport （ D） supplement 12 【 37】 （ A） retain （ B） remove （ C） replace （ D） reduce 13 【 38】 （ A） lights （ B） paths （ C） parks （ D） signs 14 【 39】 （ A） travel （ B） rush （ C） move （ D） get 15 【 40】 （ A） investment （ B） expen
9、ses （ C） budget （ D） consumption 16 【 41】 （ A） opposition （ B） protest （ C） action （ D） objection 17 【 42】 （ A） delay （ B） stop （ C） destroy （ D） prevent 18 【 43】 （ A） in （ B） beside （ C） among （ D） behind 19 【 44】 （ A） spent （ B） took （ C） cost （ D） used 20 【 45】 （ A） so （ B） when （ C） after （ D） b
10、efore Part A Directions: Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 21 It was the day I froze a household pet that I began to worry about my memory. Technically, it was not a real household pet I froze but a bag of
11、 tropical fish, which on the scale of beloved members of any home, rank somewhere below the family cat and above an attractive set of coasters. And technically, I didnt completely freeze my fish. Rather, I absent-mindedly tossed them into the refrigerator with a bag of other things I had bought and
12、fortunately found them just before my highly sensitive tropical fish could turn into lightly breaded dinner fish. Nonetheless, that near-death experience-for the fish, if not for me-woke me up to the fact that my memory might not be all it once was: In the hope of improving my memory, I decided I wo
13、uld first try the memory books. How-ever, much of what I read was, at first blush, utterly forgettable. If I was truly going to juice up my recall, however, book reading wouldnt cut it. What I needed was some kind of memory pill. The big bat in the memory-pill lineup is ginkgo biloba, the dried leaf
14、 of the maidenhair tree, thought to improve circulation and, in theory, memory. I decided to try it. The package warned that in addition to any other problems, ginkgo can cause “mild stomach discomfort“. After just one pill, I discovered that the package was-how best to put this? -not kidding. Its h
15、ard to say if my memory improved in the little time l was on ginkgo, but I can say I had no trouble at all remembering to eat a tasteless diet for several days afterward. For me, the answer to memory problems was not in the medicine chest, but that didnt mean I was a hopeless case. My recall had imp
16、roved after two weeks in the memory-improvement battle. I may not be able to read a magazine and instantly memorize it, but I now remember to buy it when I get to the store. I may not be able to memorize hundreds of names and faces, but at least I wont meet an Alex at a party and find myself calling
17、 him Alan or Alvin or Evelyn. 21 The writer became aware of her memory problem when she realized that she had _. （ A） forgotten to feed her fish （ B） forgotten to freeze her fish （ C） misplaced a bag of dinner fish （ D） misplaced a bag of tropical fish 22 According to the writer, the memory books sh
18、e read _. （ A） didnt help at all （ B） caused new problems （ C） wouldnt work at once （ D） made her problem worse 23 It can be inferred from the passage that ginkgo _. （ A） can improve memory （ B） works after the first pill （ C） can produce several side effects （ D） causes mild stomach discomfort 24 T
19、he writer ate a tasteless diet for several days _. （ A） as a result of her failing taste （ B） as was advised by her doctor （ C） as a result of taking the drug （ D） as was warned on the package 25 The writers tone can best be described as one of _. （ A） relief （ B） humor （ C） worry （ D） solemnity 26
20、To get a chocolate out of a box requires a considerable amount of unpacking: the box has to be taken out of the paper bag in which it arrived, the cellophane wrapper has to be torn off, the lid opened and the paper removed, the chocolate itself then has to be unwrapped from its own piece of paper. B
21、ut this overuse of wrapping is not confined to luxuries. It is now becoming increasingly difficult to buy anything that is not done up in beautiful wrapping. The package itself is of no interest to the shopper, who usually throws it away immediately. Useless wrapping accounts for much of the refuse
22、put out by the average London household each week. So why is it done? Some of it, like the cellophane on meat, is necessary, but most of the rest is simply competitive selling. This is absurd. Packaging is using up scarce energy and re sources and messing up the environment. Recycling is already hap
23、pening with milk bottles which are returned to the dairies, washed out, and refilled. But both glass and paper are being threatened by the growing use of plastic. More dairies are experimenting with plastic bottles. The trouble with plastic is that it does not rot. Some environmentalists argue that
24、the only solution to the problem of ever increasing plastic containers is to do away with plastic altogether in the shops, a suggestion unacceptable to many manufacturers who say there is no alternative to their handy plastic packs. It is evident that more research is needed into the recovery and re
25、-use of various materials and into the cost of collecting and recycling containers as opposed to producing new ones. Unnecessary packaging, intended to be used just once, and make things look better so more people will buy them, is clearly becoming increasingly absurd. But it is not so much a questi
26、on of doing away with packaging as using it sensibly. What is needed now is a more advanced approach to using scarce resources for what is, after all, a relatively unimportant function. 26 “This overuse of wrapping is not confined to luxuries.“ (line 4, Paragraph 1) means _. （ A） more wrapping is ne
27、eded for ordinary products （ B） more wrapping is used for luxuries than for ordinary products （ C） too much wrapping is used for both luxury and ordinary products （ D） the wrapping used for luxury products is unnecessary 27 Packaging is important to manufacturers because _. （ A） it is easy to use it
28、 again （ B） shoppers are interested in beautiful packaging （ C） they want to attract more shoppers （ D） packaged things will not go rotten 28 According to the passage, dairies are _. （ A） experimenting with the use of paper bottles （ B） giving up the use of glass bottles （ C） increasing the use of p
29、lastic bottles （ D） re-using their paper containers 29 Some environmentalists think that _. （ A） plastic packaging should be made more convenient （ B） no alternative can be found to plastic packaging （ C） too much plastic is wasted （ D） shops should stop using plastic containers 30 The author thinks
30、 that _. （ A） packing is actually useless and could be ignored （ B） people will soon stop using packaging altogether （ C） enough research has been done into recycling （ D） it is better to produce new materials than to re-use old ones 31 Children in the United States are exposed to many influences ot
31、her than that of their families. Television is the most significant of these influences, because the habit of watching television usually begins before children start attending school. And, by the time that the average child finishes high school, he or she will have spent 18,000 hours in front of a
32、television set as opposed to 12,000 hours in a classroom. Parents are concerned about these figures. They are also concerned about the lack of quality in television programs for children. The degree of violence in many of these shows also worries them. Even if it is unreal-a cartoon cat beating up a
33、 cartoon mouse with a baseball bat-this violence may have a negative effect on the young minds exposed to it. Studies indicate that, when children are exposed to violence, they may become aggressive or insecure. Parents are also concerned about the commercials that their children see on television.
34、Many parents would like to see fewer commercials during programs for children. And some parents feel that these shows should not have any commercials at all because young minds are not mature enough to deal with the claims made by advertisers. Educational television has no commercials and has progra
35、ms for children that many parents approve of. The most famous of these is sesame Street, which tries to give preschool children a head start in learning the alphabet and numbers. It also tries to teach children useful things about the world in which they live. Even though most parents and educators
36、give sesame Street and shows like it high marks for quality, some critics argue that all television, whether educational or not, is harmful to children. These critics feel that the habit of watching hours of television every day turns children into bored and passive consumers of their world rather t
37、han encouraging them to become active explorers of it. We still do not know enough about the effects of watching television to be able to say whether or not it is good for children. Until we do, perhaps it would be wise to put a warning on television sets such as the one on cigarette packages: Cauti
38、on: Watching Too Much Television May Be Harmful to Your Childs Developing Mind. 31 We can infer from the text that _. （ A） parents are strongly opposed to children watching TV （ B） a cartoon program is not harmful if it is not real （ C） children may imitate what they have seen on television （ D） the
39、 quality of childrens programs is not the parents main concern 32 Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text about some parents attitudes toward commercials? （ A） Children should never watch commercials on TV. （ B） Advertisers are not always telling truth in commercials. （ C） Children can b
40、enefit from some commercials. （ D） There shouldnt be too many commercials in childrens programs. 33 Some critics argue that children should not watch TV because _. （ A） they can learn little from educational programs （ B） TV programs are of poor quality （ C） there is too much violence on TV （ D） wat
41、ching TV makes their way of life passive 34 Which of the following is the authors opinion? （ A） We should limit the childrens time in watching TV. （ B） We should improve educational programs for children. （ C） No commercials should be shown in childrens programs. （ D） TV programs may prevent childre
42、n from developing their minds. 35 The best title for the text would be _. （ A） Education and Television （ B） Children and Television （ C） Bad Influence of Television （ D） TV Programs for Children Part B Directions: Read the text, match the items (61-65) to one of the statements (A to G) given below.
43、 Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 36 Read the texts from the “LETTERSsection of a magazine in which five people commented on the magazines story of Bono, a superstar. For questions 61 to 65, match the name of each person (61to 65) to one of the statements (A to G) given below. Mark your answers
44、on ANSWER SHEET 1. Caroline Hartman: Thanks for the terrific article on U2s Bono and his efforts to save Africa from financial ruin. Hes not a saint. He is a hard-working, real man, using his gifts to inspire us in song and make a difference in the world. Some issues are so serious that most of us d
45、ont even try to fix them. Bo no cant save the world by himself, but like others who have shown the way, such as Martin Lu flier King, Jr. and Mohandas Gandhi, he is proving that one man can make a difference. Molly Leuschel: Bono may be smarter, better informed and more committed than other stars, b
46、ut Africas problems are larger than his ambition. After living in Africa nearly six years, I returned to the U. S. with more questions than answers. Debt relief is a noble idea, but most foreign aid does little to enrich the life of the average African. Amanda Adichie: I am a 24-year-old Nigerian an
47、d have often viewed stars “concern“ for Africa with resentment. My reaction to Bono was different: I was impressed. He is right in recommending not only debt relief but the lowering of trade restrictions on African countries, What Africa needs is not gifts of fish but fair access to the fishing pond
48、. Malini Ranganathan: Your story on the smartest superstar on the planet was brilliant. I felt like I was right there with him, there to nod my head in approval and to believe in the potential of his African-debt-relief campaign, there to appreciate the peculiar, stubborn, witty and human sides to a
49、 guy who seems too famous to be real. Hats off to you for capturing these features so aptly and for making Bonos personality so real, his cause so true. Lynne Pereira: I loved your article on Bono, but why the annoying wording on your cover: “Dont laugh- the planets biggest rock star is on a mission to make a difference“? Who would want to laugh? Bono has proved that hes willing a
