1、2009年职称英语（卫生类） C级真题试卷及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 Id very much like to know what your (aim) in life is. （ A） thought （ B） idea （ C） goal （ D） plan 2 The policemen acted quickly because lives were (at stake). （ A） in danger （ B） in difficult
2、y （ C） in despair （ D） out of control 3 (Practically) all animals communicate either through sounds or through soundless codes. （ A） Certainly （ B） Probably （ C） Almost （ D） Absolutely 4 Mary (rarely) speaks to Susan. （ A） slowly （ B） seldom （ C） weakly （ D） constantly 5 Im working with a (guy) from
3、 London. （ A） teacher （ B） student （ C） friend （ D） man 6 Youd better put these documents in a (safe) place. （ A） dark （ B） secure （ C） guarded （ D） banned 7 The courageous boy has been the subject of (massive) media coverage. （ A） extensive （ B） continuous （ C） instant （ D） quick 8 The town is famo
4、us for its (magnificent) buildings. （ A） high-rise （ B） modern （ C） ancient （ D） splendid 9 The great change of the city (astonished) all the visitors. （ A） surprised （ B） scared （ C） excited （ D） moved 10 Jack packed up all the things he had accumulated over the (last) ten years. （ A） future （ B） f
5、ar （ C） past （ D） near 11 Will you please (call) my husband as soon as possible? （ A） visit （ B） phone （ C） consult （ D） invite 12 We had a long (conversation) about her parents. （ A） speech （ B） question （ C） talk （ D） debate 13 The chairman (proposed) that we stop the meeting. （ A） stated （ B） ann
6、ounced （ C） demanded （ D） suggested 14 Obviously these people can be (relied on) in a crisis. （ A） lived on （ B） depended on （ C） believed in （ D） joined in 15 There is always excitement at the Olympic Games when an athlete (breaks) a record. （ A） beats （ B） maintains （ C） matches （ D） tries 二、 阅读判断
7、 (第 16-22题，每题 1分， 共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 16 Importance of Childrens Oral Health February is National Childrens Dental(牙齿的 ) Health Month, but in children good oral(口部的 ) care is critical every day. The first comprehensive st
8、udy on the nations oral health, released recently by the Office of the U.S. Surgeon General, calls dental and oral diseases a “silent epidemic(流行病 )“, even in children. The report states that more than 51 million school hours are lost each year to dental-related illness. In fact, a recent study poin
9、ted to dental care as the most common unmet health need among American children. To help counter this, the American Academy of Periodontology(牙周病学 )(AAP) is launching an effort to educate children and parents about the prevention of dental diseases in children. “This is important because oral proble
10、ms can impact self-esteem for children and lead to problems eating, speaking and attending to learning“, said Michael McGuire, president of the AAP. Common dental problems seen in children are cavities(龋洞 ) and gingivitis(龈炎 ), which are found in the majority of U.S. children. “When these problems a
11、re not caught early and treated, they can develop into more severe problems and cause unnecessary suffering“, said McGuire. “However, much of the time, oral problems are avoidable problems“. In the Rio Grande Valley in Texas, a group of more than 120 dentists(牙医 ) volunteers to deliver dental care t
12、o thousands of low-income children each year with its Mobile Dental Unit that travels from school to school. “According to the Surgeon Generals Report, about 37 percent of children have not had a dental visit before starting school“, said McGuire. “When children dont see dentists, they miss the oppo
13、rtunity to have problems caught early before they develop into larger, more expensive problems to treat, and parents miss the opportunity to learn how to promote good oral habits in their children“. 16 Only in February should attention be paid to childrens oral health. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not
14、 mentioned 17 Dental and oral diseases are common in both adults and children. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Boys miss more school hours each year due to dental-related illness. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 Oral problems in children can develop into more severe problems.
15、 （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Oral problems can not be avoided in any way. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 The low-income children are very grateful to the dentists. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 Some children have never seen a dentist before starting school.
16、 （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 23 Understanding Autism Autism(孤独症 ) is a life-long developmental disability that prevents individuals from properly understan
17、ding what they see, hear, and otherwise sense. This results in severe problems of social relationships, communication, and behavior. Individuals with autism have to painstakingly(费力地 ) learn normal patterns of speech and communication, and appropriate ways to relate to people, objects, and events, i
18、n a similar manner to those who have had a stroke. The cause of autism is still unknown. Some research suggests a physical problem affecting those parts of the brain that process language and information coming in from the senses. There may be some imbalance of certain chemicals in the brain. Geneti
19、c(遗传的 ) factors may sometimes be involved. Autism may indeed result from a combination of several “causes“. Most people with mental retardation(智力迟钝 ) show relatively even skill development. Individuals with autism, however, typically show uneven skill development, with deficits(欠缺 ) in certain area
20、s most frequently in their ability to communicate and relate to others and distinct skills in other areas. It is important to distinguish autism from mental retardation or other disorders, since diagnostic(诊断的 ) confusion may lead to inappropriate and ineffective treatment techniques. In general, in
21、dividuals with autism perform best at jobs which are structured and involve a degree of repetition. Some people who have autism are working as artists, piano tuners, painters, farm workers, office workers, computer operators, dishwashers, assembly line workers, or employees of sheltered workshops or
22、 other sheltered work settings. 23 A. What causes autism? B. How common is autism? C. Does autism occur together with other disabilities? D. What is the difference between autism and mental retardation? E. What is autism? F. What kinds of jobs can individuals with autism do? 23 Paragraph 1 _ 24 Para
23、graph 2 _ 25 Paragraph 3 _ 26 Paragraph 4 _ 27 A. different techniques B. social relationships and communication C. language and information D. several causes working together E. a degree of repetition F. skill development 27 Individuals with autism are particularly weak at_. 28 It is possible that
24、autism happens as a result of_. 29 Autism and mental retardation should be treated with_. 30 A typical feature of people with autism is their uneven_. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 31 Calling for Safe Celebrations Last Fourth of July, Pete, a 14-year-old boy, wa
25、s enjoying the lit-up skies and loud booms from the fireworks(烟花 ) being set off in his neighborhood Suddenly, the evening took a terrible turn, A bottle rocket shot into his eye, immediately causing him terrible pain. His family rushed him to the emergency room for treatment. As a result of the inj
26、ury, Pete developed glaucoma(青光眼 ) and cataracts(白内障 ). Today, Pete has permanent vision loss in his injured eye because of his bottle rocket injury. June is Fireworks Eye Safety Awareness Month, and through its EyeSmart campaign the American Academy of Ophthalmology(眼科学 ) wants to remind consumers
27、to leave fireworks to professionals(专业人员 ). “There is nothing worse than a Fourth of July celebration ruined by someone being hit in the eye with a bottle rocket“, said Dr John C. Hagan, clinical correspondent for the Academy and an ophthalmologist at Discover Vision Centers in Kansas City. “A safe
28、celebration means letting trained professionals handle fireworks while you enjoy the show“. According to the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, more than 9,000 fireworks-related injuries happen each year. Of these, nearly half are head-related injuries, with nearly 30 percent of these injuries
29、 to the eye. One-fourth of fireworks eye injuries result in permanent vision loss or blindness. Children are the most common victims of firework abuse(伤 害 ), with those fifteen years old or younger accounting for 50 percent of fireworks eye injuries in the United States. Dr Hagan estimates that his
30、practice sees more than 30 injuries each year from fireworks. Even fireworks that many people consider safe represent a threat to the eyes. For children under the age of five, apparently harmless sparklers(花炮 ) account for one-third of all fireworks injuries. Sparklers can burn at nearly 2,000 degre
31、es Fahrenheit(华氏 ). 31 What happened to Pete last Fourth of July? （ A） He was burned in a house fire. （ B） He was hurt in a fight. （ C） He was caught in a heavy rain. （ D） He was hit in the eye. 32 The American Academy of Ophthalmology calls on consumers to_. （ A） stop celebrating the Fourth of July
32、. （ B） celebrate the Fourth of July with fireworks. （ C） set off fireworks together with trained professionals. （ D） leave fireworks to professionals in their celebrations. 33 How many fireworks eye injuries occur in the U.S. each year? （ A） About 9000. （ B） About 4500. （ C） About 1350. （ D） About 3
33、0. 34 Fireworks eye injuries can lead to all of the following EXCEPT_. （ A） blindness. （ B） hand-related injuries. （ C） permanent vision loss. （ D） glaucoma and cataracts. 35 Which is NOT true of sparklers? （ A） They are harmless to very young children. （ B） They are considered safe by many people.
34、（ C） They are a threat to the eyes. （ D） They can burn at very high degrees Fahrenheit. 36 Shopping at Second-hand Clothing Stores When 33-year-old Pete Barth was in college, shopping at second-hand clothing stores was just something he did “like changing the tires on his car“. He looked at his budg
35、et and decided he could save a lot of money by shopping for clothes at thrift shops. “Even new clothes are fairly disposable(用后即丢掉的 ) and wear out after a couple of years“, Barth said. “In thrift shops, you can find some great stuff whose quality is better than new clothes“. Since then, Barth, who w
36、orks at a Goodwill thrift shop in the U.S. state of Florida, has found that there are all kinds of reasons for shopping for second-clothing. Some people, like him, shop to save money. Some shop for a crazy-looking shirt. And some shop as a means of conserving energy and helping the environment. Pat
37、Akins, an accountant at a Florida Salvation Army(SA)(救世军 ) thrift shop, said that, for her, shopping at thrift shops is a way to help the environment. “When my daughter was little, we looked at it as recycling“, Akins said. “Also, why pay 30 dollars for a new coat when you can get another one for a
38、lot less“? Akins said that the SA has shops all over the U.S. “some as big as department stores“. All of the clothes are donated(捐赠 ), and when they have a surplus(盈余 ), theyll have “stuff a bag“ specials, where customers can fill a grocery sack with clothes for only 5 or 10 dollars. Julia Slocum, 2
39、2, points out, however, that the huge amount of second-hand clothing in the US is the result of American wastefulness. “Id say that second-hand stores are the result of our wasteful, materialistic culture“, said Slocum, who works for a pro-conservation organization, the Center for a New American Dre
40、am. “Thrift shops prevent that waste from going to landfills(垃圾填埋场 ); they give clothing a second life, provide cheaper clothing for those who cant afford to buy new ones and generate(生成 ) income for charities. They also provide a way for the wealthy and middle classes to shed(摆脱 ) some of the guilt
41、 for their level of consumption“. 36 Which statement about Barth is NOT true? （ A） He is 33 years old now. （ B） He works at a Goodwill thrift shop. （ C） He works at a Salvation Army thrift shop. （ D） He was a college student many years ago. 37 When Barth was a college student, he often shopped at th
42、rift shops_. （ A） to save money. （ B） to save energy. （ C） to help the environment. （ D） to make friends with poor people. 38 What does Akins do? （ A） She is a soldier. （ B） She is an accountant. （ C） She is a saleswoman. （ D） She is a road sweeper. 39 Thrift shops can do everything EXCEPT_. （ A） gi
43、ve clothing a second life. （ B） generate income for charities. （ C） provide cheaper clothes for the poor. （ D） stop rich people from wasting money. 40 The word “thrift“ in paragraph I could be best replaced by_. （ A） charity. （ B） one dollar. （ C） first class. （ D） two dollars. 41 College Night Owls
44、 Have Lower Grades College students who are morning people tend to get better grades than those who are night owls(晚睡的人 ), according to University of North Texas researchers. They had 824 undergraduate(大学本科生的 ) students complete a health survey that included questions about sleep habits and daytime
45、functioning, and found that students who are morning people had higher grade point averages(GPAs) than those who are night people. “The finding that college students who are evening types have lower GPAs is a very important finding, sure to make its way into undergraduate psychology texts in the nea
46、r future, along with the research showing that memory is improved by sleep“, study co-author Daniel J. Taylor said in a prepared statement. “Further, these results suggest that it might be possible to improve academic performance by using chronotherapy(时间疗法 ) to help students retrain their biologica
47、l clock to become more morning types“, Taylor said. The research was expected to be presented Monday at SLEEP, the annual meeting of the Associated Professional(专业的 ) Sleep Societies, in Baltimore. In other findings expected to be heard at the meeting, University of Colorado researchers found a sign
48、ificant association between insomnia(失眠 ) and a decline in college students academic performance. The study included 64 psychology, nursing and medical students, average age 27.4 years, who were divided into two groups low GPAs and high GPAs. Among those with low GPAs, 69.7 percent had trouble falli
49、ng asleep, 53.1 percent experienced leg kicks or twitches(痉挛 ) at night, 65.6 percent reported waking at night and having trouble falling back to sleep, and 72.7 percent had difficulty concentrating during the day. “In college students, the complaint of difficulty concentrating during the day continues to have a considerable impact on their ability to succeed in the classroom“, study author Dr James F. Pagel said in a prepared statemen
