1、2011年 5月北京成人本科英语真题试卷及答案与解析 一、 Part I Reading Comprehension (30%) Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the cor
2、responding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 0 Spending 50 minutes with a cell phone close to your ear is enough to change brain cell activity in the part of the brain closest to the antenna (天线 ). But whether that causes any harm is not clear, scientists at the Natio
3、nal Institute of Health said at a conference last month, adding that the study will not likely settle concerns of a link between cell phones and brain cancer. “What we showed is glucose (葡萄糖 ) metabolism (代谢 ) (a sign of brain activity) increases in the brain in people who were exposed to a cell pho
4、ne in the area closest to the antenna,“ said Dr. Nora Volkow of the NIH, whose study was published in the Journal of the American Medical Association. (76) The study was meant to examine how the brain reacts to electromagnetic fields caused by wireless phone signals. Volkow said she was surprised th
5、at the weak electromagnetic radiation (电磁辐射 ) from cell phones could affect brain activity, but she said the findings do not shed any light on whether cell phones cause cancer. “This study does not in any way indicate that. What the study does is to show the human brain is sensitive to electromagnet
6、ic radiation from cell phone exposures.“ Use of the devices has increased dramatically since they were introduced in the early 1980s, with about 5 billion cell phones now in use worldwide. Some studies have linked cell phone exposure to an increased risk of brain cancers, but a large study by the Wo
7、rld Health Organization did not offer a clear answer to this. Volkows team studied 47 people who had their brain examined while a cell phone was turned on for 50 minutes and another while the phone was turned off. While there was no complete change in brain metabolism, they found a 7 percent increas
8、e in brain metabolism in the region closest to the cell phone antenna when the phone was on. (77) Experts said the results were interesting, but urged that they be understood with great care. “ Although the biological significance, if any, of increased glucose metabolism from too much cell phone exp
9、osure is unknown, the results require further investigation,“ Henry Lai of the University of Washington in the U.S. and Dr. Lennart Hardell of University Hospital in Sweden, wrote in an article in JAMA. “Much has to be done to further investigate and understand these effects.“ They wrote. 1 Accordin
10、g to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? （ A） Cell phone use is dangerous. （ B） Cell phone use causes cancer. （ C） The human brain is an electromagnetic field. （ D） There are about 5 billion cell phone users in the world right now. 2 Doctor Volkow was astonished because _. （ A） her research
11、 has shed light on her understanding of cell phone （ B） she found that cell phone exposure is harmful to human brain （ C） she found that using a cell phone for about 50 minutes could influence or change brain activity （ D） human brain is not responsive to electromagnetic radiation 3 According to the
12、 passage, cell phones were launched _. （ A） in the late 1970s （ B） between 1980 and 1985 （ C） in the late 1980s （ D） in the early 1990s 4 What does the word “that“ stand for in the second paragraph? （ A） Brain activity. （ B） Her research findings. （ C） The fact that cell phone use may cause cancer.
13、（ D） Her research progress. 5 Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage? （ A） Cell Phone Radiation: Is It Harmful? （ B） Cell Phone Radiation: Is It Useful? （ C） Cell Phone Radiation: Is It Healthy? （ D） Cell Phone Radiation: Is It Weak? 5 Human beings have always had an ability
14、 to attend to several things at once. (78) Nor is electronic multitasking entirely new: Weve been driving while listening to car radios since they became popular in the 1930s. but there is no doubt that multitasking has reached a kind of warp speed in the era of Web-enabled computers, when it has be
15、come routine to conduct several IM (及时通讯 ) conversations, watch TV and use the computer all at once. But whats the impact of this media consumption? And how are these multitasking devices changing how kids learn, reason and communicate with one another? Social scientists and educators are just begin
16、ning to deal with these questions, but the researchers already have some strong opinions. (79) Although multitasking kids may be better prepared in some ways for todays fast-paced work places, Many scientists are positively alarmed by the trend. Kids that are instant messaging while doing homework,
17、playing games online and watching TV, arent going to do well in the long run. On the positive side, multitasking students tend to be extraordinarily good at finding and using information. And probably because modem childhood centers around visual (视觉的 ) rather than print media, they are especially s
18、killed at analyzing visual data and images. Many educators and psychologists say parents need to actively ensure that their teenagers break free of uncontrollable engagement with screens and spend time in the physical company of human beings-a growing challenge not just because technology offers suc
19、h a handy option but because so many kids lead highly scheduled lives that leave little time for old-fashioned socializing and family meals. Indeed, many teenagers and college students say overcommitted(任务过量的 ) schedules drives much of their multitasking. Just as important is for parents and educato
20、rs to teach kids that its valuable, even essential, to occasionally slow down, unplugs and take time to enjoy life beyond the screen. 6 What is the main idea of this passage? （ A） How is multitasking define (定义 ) in the information age? （ B） How do people see new technology and the social change it
21、brings about? （ C） How does technology change modem family life? （ D） Whats the impact of multitasking on young people? 7 The expression “warp speed“ in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to _. （ A） low speed （ B） too much time alone （ C） high speed （ D） steady speed 8 According to some teena
22、gers and college students, what causes their multitasking? （ A） Overcommitted schedules. （ B） Too much time alone. （ C） Inability to focus. （ D） Fear of being neglected. 9 According to the passage, which of the following statement is TRUE? （ A） Humans have begun to engage in the multitasking behavio
23、rs since the information age. （ B） Multitasking is a critical skill that students are required to learn at school. （ C） Only parents can help their kids to get rid of the multitasking habits. （ D） multitasking may prepare students for the reality of todays fast-paces work environment. 10 What do edu
24、cators and psychologists advise parents to do their multitasking kids? （ A） To cut off home internet connection. （ B） To seek medical treatment. （ C） To encourage their kids to have some social life. （ D） To help their kids to set personal goals. 10 The nuclear power emergency at a Japanese atomic p
25、ower plant last March could lead to a major re-examination in European countries that are already building such plants or are considering a shift from fossil (化石 ) fuels to nuclear energy to fight climate change. With the terrible accident 25 years ago in Chernobyl (切尔诺贝利 ) beginning to fade in Euro
26、pean memories, governments across Europe have grown more open to using more nuclear power. Enthusiasm for nuclear power is particularly strong in Eastern Europe, which wants to move away from dependence on Russian oil and natural gas, and on heavily polluting coal-fired power plants. Eastern governm
27、ents have begun improving existing nuclear plants or are building or planning new ones. But as Japan struggled to deal with her nuclear crises, discussion about the good and the bad of nuclear power became heated. (80) In Germany, nuclear power has been a repeatedly argued and widely felt issue for
28、decades. Up to 70 percent of Germans oppose nuclear power. Recently about 40,000 people turned out to form a human chain near a nuclear plant to protest government policies on nuclear power. “The accident in Japan could lead to a major rethink in Europe,“ said Henrik Paulitz of the International Doc
29、tors for the Prevention of Nuclear War. “Governments have not been quite open about the safety levels of the nuclear power plants.“ Chancellor (总理 ) Angela Merkel heads a center-right unity government that supports the use of nuclear power. Her government recently made a disputed decision to extend
30、the life of the countrys 17 nuclear power plants by an average of 12 years. She will now face more pressure to change that policy. She called an emergency meeting with her senior ministers. “We know how safe our plants are and that we do not face a threat from such a serious earthquake or violent ti
31、dal wave,“ Mrs. Merkel said after the meeting. “We will learn what we can from the events in Japan.“ 11 According to the passage, which of the following about Europe is TRUE? （ A） It is dependent on Russia for gas and oil. （ B） It has put an end to fossil fuels. （ C） It had a major nuclear accident
32、this year. （ D） It is likely that they would rethink their nuclear power policies. 12 According to the passage, all the following statements about Eastern Europe are true EXCEPT _. （ A） they are eager to build new nuclear power plants （ B） they have totally forgotten the Chernobyl accident 25 years
33、ago （ C） they have improved their nuclear power plants （ D） they want energy independence 13 In the second paragraph, the author mainly discusses _. （ A） the nuclear accidents in Japan last March （ B） nuclear power policies in Germany （ C） German attitude towards nuclear power （ D） the safety levels
34、 of nuclear power plants in Germany 14 The word “heads“ in the third paragraph can be best replaced by _. （ A） leads （ B） tops （ C） minds （ D） arms 15 Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage? （ A） Japans Nuclear Crisis Causes Fear in Europe. （ B） The Chernobyl Disaster Helps
35、Europe Better Understand Nuclear Power Energy. （ C） German Governments Supports Nuclear Power Energy. （ D） Germany Has Learnt a Lesson From Japan. 二、 Part II Vocabulary and Structure (30%) Directions: In this part, there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A,
36、 B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 16 By no means _ to her parents. （ A） this is the first time has she lied （ B） this is the first time does she tell a lie （ C） is this th
37、e first time she has lied （ D） is this the first time she was lying 17 You have failed two tests. Youd better start working harder, _ you wont pass the course. （ A） and （ B） but （ C） or （ D） so 18 His children are well-behaved, _ those of his sisters are very naughty. （ A） and （ B） so （ C） thus （ D）
38、 while 19 How can you keep fit _ you smoke so much every day? （ A） but （ B） however （ C） if （ D） otherwise 20 The news has spread allover the country _ the spaceship succeeded in returning to the earth. （ A） what （ B） that （ C） which （ D） whether 21 I didnt know your mobile phone number; otherwise I
39、 _ you the moment I got to Washington. （ A） have rung （ B） wound ring （ C） have rung （ D） wound have rung 22 As they are retired, Mr. and Mrs. Scott prefer a house in the country to _ their remaining years there. （ A） spend （ B） spending （ C） spent （ D） spends 23 _ by his grandparents, Jimmy wasnt u
40、sed to living with his parents. （ A） To bring up （ B） To be brought up （ C） Brought up （ D） Being brought up 24 Please remain _ until the plane has come to a complete stop. （ A） to seat （ B） to be seated （ C） seating （ D） seated 25 While watching television, _. （ A） the doorbell rang （ B） the doorbe
41、ll rings （ C） we heard the doorbell ring （ D） we heard the doorbell rings 26 _, the pay isnt attractive enough, though the job itself is quite interesting. （ A） Generally speaking （ B） On the country （ C） In particular （ D） To be honest 27 The robber had escaped and was nowhere to be found when the
42、police _. （ A） arrived （ B） had arrived （ C） arrive （ D） have arrived 28 Professor Wilson keeps telling his students that the future _ to the well-educated. （ A） is belonged （ B） is belonging （ C） belongs （ D） will be belonged 29 This company is closing up, so lots of workers will be laid _. （ A） do
43、wn （ B） out （ C） off （ D） aside 30 Just take it easy and _ us exactly what has happened. （ A） say （ B） speak （ C） tell （ D） talk 31 Some developed countries are trying to _ the serious problems resulting from the energy crisis. （ A） step up （ B） cope with （ C） cut off （ D） end up 32 He is such a man
44、 who is always _ fault with other people. （ A） putting （ B） seeking （ C） finding （ D） looking for 33 After he retired from office, Rogers _ painting for a while, but soon lost interest. （ A） took up （ B） save up （ C） kept up （ D） drew up 34 _ fire, all exits must be kept clear. （ A） In place of （ B）
45、 Instead of （ C） In case of （ D） In spite of 35 My parents will move back into town in a year or _. （ A） later （ B） after （ C） so （ D） about 36 Dogs have a very good _ of smell and are often used to search for survivors in an earthquake. （ A） sense （ B） view （ C） means （ D） idea 37 The house _ I gre
46、w up has been taken down and replaced by an office building. （ A） in it （ B） in what （ C） in that （ D） in which 38 Tom has already given up the _ of smoking for the sake of health. （ A） custom （ B） habit （ C） hobby （ D） convention 39 Stephen Bullon is the only man in the village _ today that has sur
47、vived the war. （ A） live （ B） lived （ C） alive （ D） active 40 As she entered the room she could see big bright lights hung from the _. （ A） roof （ B） top （ C） ceiling （ D） height 41 Those experiments have laid a solid foundation for his _ research in material science. （ A） far （ B） deep （ C） farther
48、 （ D） further 42 The weather forecast says it is going to clear _ soon. （ A） up （ B） out （ C） over （ D） about 43 He will come to call on you the moment he _ his work. （ A） will finish （ B） finishes （ C） finished （ D） to finish 44 _ such a good chance, how could she let it slip away? （ A） Having give
49、n （ B） Giving （ C） Having been given （ D） Give 45 Previous _ his departure, he addressed a letter to his daughter. （ A） to （ B） of （ C） in （ D） from 三、 Part III Identification (10%) Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. Identify the one that is not correct. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through
