1、2011年 6月国家公共英语（五级）笔试真题试卷及答案与解析 Part A Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10. 0 You will hear a conversation between Miss Green, an educational journalist, and Pr
2、ofessor Wilson, an expert in educational studies, about writing in American schools. As you listen, answer Questions 1 to 10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the conversation only once. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1 to 10.（ A） TURE （ B） FALSE （ A） TURE （ B） FALSE （ A） TURE （ B） F
3、ALSE （ A） TURE （ B） FALSE （ A） TURE （ B） FALSE （ A） TURE （ B） FALSE （ A） TURE （ B） FALSE （ A） TURE （ B） FALSE （ A） TURE （ B） FALSE （ A） TURE （ B） FALSE Part B Directions: You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ON
4、LY ONCE. 11 What did Selous want to be when he was young? （ A） A hunter. （ B） A poet. （ C） An official. （ D） A rugby player. 12 What did Selous do with regard to the development of Zimbabwes gold industry? （ A） He opened it up. （ B） He took records of it. （ C） He provided instruments for it. （ D） He
5、 negotiated with local leaders about it. 13 What are kept in the British Museum today? （ A） His notes. （ B） His diaries. （ C） His collection. （ D） His records. 14 Why did Owen want to change his job? （ A） To put his research results into practice. （ B） To find a better working environment. （ C） To d
6、o something meaningful when retired. （ D） To set up his own pharmaceutical company. 15 Which of the following can best describe the working style of academic research institutes? （ A） People form project teams. （ B） People interact much with each other. （ C） People have a strong sense of collaborati
7、on. （ D） People depend on themselves for success. 16 How does the research management in industry differ from that in institutes? （ A） It has more short-term goals to achieve. （ B） It has more projects based on first-class science. （ C） Its emphasis is on long-term planning. （ D） Its emphasis is on
8、key research topics. 17 When did Kant become a professor? （ A） In 1740. （ B） In 1746. （ C） In 1750. （ D） In 1756. 18 What is one of Kants contributions to geography? （ A） Combining physical geography with philosophy. （ B） Organizing human knowledge of geography into different categories. （ C） Separa
9、ting geography from its close ties with theology. （ D） Publishing many books on geography. 19 How did Kant start his lectures on geography each term? （ A） By stressing the importance of geography. （ B） By defining important geographical terms. （ C） By introducing the latest development in geographic
10、al studies. （ D） By explaining the relationship between geography and other disciplines. 20 What is Kants view about geography? （ A） There is a close relationship between human activities and geography. （ B） Philosophy helps to explain natural phenomena. （ C） History provides the basis for the study
11、 of geography. （ D） Philosophical writings enriched the study of geography. Part C Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer the questions or complete the notes in your test booklet for Questions 21-30 by writing NOT MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right. You will he
12、ar the talk TWICE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 21-30. 20 Editor Laura talks with Mr. Brooks about his new book on robotics. As you listen, answer the questions or complete the notes in your test booklet for Questions 21 to 30 by writing no more than three words in the space provided on t
13、he right. You will hear the interview twice. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 21 to 30.一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 30 I always eat breakfast, an
14、d suggest that you do too. We all need food in the morning to supply ourselves【 C1】 _ sources of glucose, 【 C2】 _ is not stored in the body and 【 C3】 _needed to fuel the brain. Studies show that those who eat【 C4】 _are more productive at school and work【 C5】 _ those who skip it. But there is disagre
15、ement over 【 C6】 _should be eaten for the first meal of the day. I myself like leftovers. Ive never cared【 C7】 _most of the common American breakfast foods and feel just terrible if I eat some of【 C8】 _. I do fine on a traditional Japanese breakfast【 C9】 _steamed rice, broiled fish, miso soup, pickl
16、ed vegetables, seaweed, and green tea. I also like fruit, nuts, some fresh cheese, and olives. You will have to experiment to find out what you【 C10】 _and what works best for you. In any【 C11】 _, eating breakfast makes it easier to meet your daily nutritional【 C12】 _. Research shows that people who
17、eat breakfast get more vitamins A, C, and E, folic acid, calcium, iron and fiber than those who skip【 C13】 _. They also do better with weight control, because they are【 C14】 _prone to overeat at other meals or load up on high-calorie snacks later in the day. Perhaps the most common excuse for skippi
18、ng breakfast is lack of【 C15】 _: but considering the nutritional importance of the【 C16】 _meal of the day, you should try to find ways of eating something in the morning【 C17】 _is quick and easy to prepare. Breakfast should provide one-quarter【 C18】 _one-third of your days protein, some good carbohy
19、drate, and some fat. Finally, 【 C19】 _all you take in the morning is coffee, try switching to green tea for the protection it provides【 C20】 _cancer and heart disease. 31 【 C1】 32 【 C2】 33 【 C3】 34 【 C4】 35 【 C5】 36 【 C6】 37 【 C7】 38 【 C8】 39 【 C9】 40 【 C10】 41 【 C11】 42 【 C12】 43 【 C13】 44 【 C14】 4
20、5 【 C15】 46 【 C16】 47 【 C17】 48 【 C18】 49 【 C19】 50 【 C20】 Part A Directions: Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 50 In parts of Brazils poor northeast, snakes and parrots are on sale by the roadside fo
21、r a few reais. In Brazil, as elsewhere in Latin America, wild animals have been kept as pets for centuries. But in recent years they have become the target of a vast and flourishing illegal trade that is threatening the survival of some species. Governments and others are now trying to do more to en
22、d the trafficking. In Brazil alone, the trade in animals is worth $ 1 billion a year, according to the National Network Against the Trafficking of Wild Animals(RENCTAS), a coalition of NGOs. Some of the sellers are simply the rural poor, seeking a means of subsistence. Others, especially those invol
23、ved in exports, are organised networks. The buyers include pet shops, pharmaceutical laboratories and foreign collectors. The international trade in animals is regulated by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora(CITES), which most Latin American countries
24、 have signed. Brazil has gone further, banning all trade in wild animals, whether endangered or not. Critics say that by pushing the trade underground, this has made it harder to regulate. In any event, Brazil lacks inspectors, and perhaps the will, to enforce the ban. Some of Brazils neighbours hav
25、e looser rules. Many Brazilian animals are smuggled across the countrys long northern borders to Venezuela, Colombia or the Guyanas, whence they are exported with fake documentation. Efforts are now under way to improve regional co-operation. In July, in the first meeting of its kind, representative
26、s from the United States government, Interpol and CITES met Latin American officials and NGOSA in Brasilia. What about the importing countries? The United States Fish and Wildlife Service carries out inspections at airports, and investigates smuggling networks. Each year it handles 4, 500 cases invo
27、lving the import or export of animals. Under the Lacey act, American animal traffickers who break foreign laws can be prosecuted at home. Smugglers are regularly picked up in Miami: a Nicaraguan was caught last year at the airport with “Christmas gifts“ that included over 1, 100 sea turtles eggs. To
28、ny Silva, a well-known exotic-bird fancier based in Chicago, was jailed in the mid-1990s for heading a ring importing rare parrots from South America. In an effort to deter would-be buyers, RENCTAS is working with tourism bodies to teach unsuspecting foreigners visiting Brazil that they should forge
29、t about wild life souvenirs. But in the long run the trade will be stopped only if incentives are generated to deter the rural poor from providing the raw material. Eco-tourism projects have spread across Latin America over the past decade, and the CITES secretariat is backing plans for more. The be
30、st hope for parrots is to become more valuable in the wild than in a plastic tube. 51 The following groups are among buyers of wild animals EXCEPT （ A） foreign collectors. （ B） pet shop owners. （ C） pharmaceutical laboratories. （ D） poor people in the countryside. 52 According to critics, it is hard
31、 to regulate the trade in wild animals in Brazil because （ A） Brazil has not signed CITES. （ B） Brazil has failed to enforce CITES. （ C） regulations on the trade are too loose. （ D） the trade in wild animals has gone underground. 53 The purpose of the meeting between the U. S. and Latin American off
32、icials is to （ A） make the countries sign CITES. （ B） strengthen regional co-operation. （ C） lift the ban on trade in wild animals. （ D） require documentation for wild animal export. 54 The U. S. Fish and Wildlife Services responsibilities do NOT include （ A） inspecting incoming air cargo. （ B） dete
33、cting animal smuggling. （ C） regulating wildlife trading. （ D） investigating smuggling networks. 55 How can the trade of wild animals be eliminated eventually? （ A） To initiate eco-tourism projects. （ B） To punish those who make wildlife specimens. （ C） To improve the living conditions for the rural
34、 poor. （ D） To fine foreigners for their buying wildlife souvenirs. 55 At the dawn of the 20th century, suburbia was a dream inspired by revulsion to the poverty and crowding of the cities. In the visions of architects, there would be neighborhood parks, tree-lined streets and low-density housing fr
35、ee from the pollution and social problems of the cities. As the top map of the New York City metropolitan area shows, commuter suburbs had sprung up near the railway lines on Long Island and Westchester County by 1930, but further expansion was fueled in large part by the automobile. Eventually it w
36、as apparent that much of suburbia was not delivering on the early promise. The extraordinary growth of car ownership in 20th-century America was made possible by abundant domestic oil, the worlds largest highway system, and low taxes on vehicles and gasoline. But suburban growth would not have been
37、nearly as great were it not for government policies that penalized cities and rewarded suburbs. For instance, federal mortgage insurance programs tended to promote new housing on outlying land rather than repair of existing city housing and, furthermore, excluded racially mixed neighborhoods that we
38、re deemed unstable. American communities have far fewer impediments to expansion than European ones: London, for instance, restricted sprawl by establishing greenbelts on its periphery. Tax deductions for mortgage interest in the U. S. have been larger than those of most other countries. Furthermore
39、, suburban jurisdictions in the U. S. have far greater zoning powers than their foreign counterparts and use this power to reinforce low-density housing by requiring large lots, thus increasing the number of affluent taxpayers and reducing the need to supply services to needy families. Arguably, the
40、 most important stimulus to “white flight“ out of the city was fear of crime, particularly crime by blacksa fear reinforced by the social pathologies of public housing, where blacks and other minorities predominate. Such apprehension helps to explain why revitaliza-tion projects and improved mass-tr
41、ansit systems have failed to lure the middle class back to the city in large numbers. Suburban expansion may conjure up images of aesthetic degradation and cultural sterility, but it has provided better housing for millions. In the process of suburbanization, low-income city families have also benef
42、ited because of the housing stock that became available as the middle class fled. By spreading out, U. S. cities avoided the sometimes oppressive densities of Japanese and European cities. Indeed, so great is the compactness in Tokyo that Japanese officials see deconcentration as a high priority. Ov
43、erall, however, the suburban push financially hurt cities, which saw their tax bases shrink. They were disproportionately affected by unfunded federal mandates and thus hindered in efforts to provide quality schools and reliable municipal services. Indeed, New York Citys fiscal problems in the 1970s
44、 followed, and were worsened by the middle-class flight into the suburbs. The outflow, rather than population growth, drove rapid suburban spread. 56 Which of the following is NOT the cause for the emergence of suburbia? （ A） Residents dislike of poverty. （ B） Density of the cities. （ C） Influence o
45、f architects. （ D） Social problems in cities. 57 Which of the following contributed a lot to the further expansion of suburbs? （ A） Discovery of rich reserves of oil in the country. （ B） High cost of repairing old houses in the cities. （ C） Greenbelt building on the edge of the cities. （ D） Governme
46、nt policies in favor of new housing in the suburbs. 58 It can be inferred from the text that （ A） local governments play a role in hindering the poor from moving into the suburbs. （ B） poor families have to leave the city because of rising housing prices. （ C） better services are provided to the poo
47、r in the process of suburbanization. （ D） stronger law enforcement can attract middle class families back to cities. 59 What is one of the consequences of suburbanization? （ A） Urban skyline has been improved. （ B） More houses are made available to low-income families. （ C） Developing suburbia has b
48、een on top of the U. S. government agenda. （ D） The U.S. government has lost control over suburban sprawl. 60 The last paragraph focuses on （ A） difficulty in taxation. （ B） population growth in suburbs. （ C） inadequate urban public facilities. （ D） financial problems in urban areas. 60 One pertinen
49、t question in the wake of the earthquake near Aceh and the tsunami it generated is how much notice of an approaching wave can be given to vulnerable people without the risk of crying “wolf“ too often. Earthquakes themselves are unpredictable, and likely to remain so. But detecting them when they happen is a routine technology. That was not the problem in this case, which was observed by monitoring stations all over the world. Unfortunately for the forecasters, although a
