1、2013年专业英语八级真题试卷及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture
2、. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 What Do Active Learners Do? There are differences between active learning and passive learning. Characte
3、ristics of active learners: I. reading with purpose A. before reading: setting goals B. while reading: (1)_ (1) _ II. (2) _ and critical in thinking (2) _ i. e. information processing, e. g. connections between the known and the new information identification of (3) _ concepts (3) _ judgment on the
4、value of (4) _ (4) _ III. active in listening A. ways of note-taking: (5) _ (5) _ B. before note-taking: listening and thinking IV. being able to get assistance A. reason 1: knowing comprehension problems because of (6) _ (6) _ B. reason 2: being able to predict study difficulties V. being able to q
5、uestion information A. question what they read or hear B. evaluate and (7) _ (7) _ VI. last characteristic A. attitude toward responsibility active learners: accept passive learners: (8) _ (8) _ B. attitude toward (9) _ (9) _ active learners: evaluate and change behaviour passive learners: no change
6、 in approach Relationship between skill and will; will is more important in (10)_. (10) _ Lack of will leads to difficulty in college learning. 1 (1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 4 (4) 5 (5) 6 (6) 7 (7) 8 (8) 9 (9) 10 (10) SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen car
7、efully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 According to the interviewer, which of the following best indicates t
8、he relationship between choice and mobility? （ A） Better educationgreater mobilitymore choices. （ B） Better educationmore choicesgreater mobility. （ C） Greater mobilitybetter educationmore choices. （ D） Greater mobilitymore choicesbetter education. 12 According to the interview, which of the followi
9、ng details about the first poll is INCORRECT? （ A） Shorter work hours was least chosen for being most important. （ B） Chances for advancement might have been favoured by young people. （ C） High income failed to come on top for being most important. （ D） Job security came second according to the poll
10、 results. 13 According to the interviewee, which is the main difference between the first and the second poll? （ A） The type of respondents who were invited. （ B） The way in which the questions were designed. （ C） The content area of the questions. （ D） The number of poll questions. 14 What can we l
11、earn from the respondents answers to items 2, 4 and 7 in the second poll? （ A） Recognition from colleagues should be given less importance. （ B） Workers are always willing and ready to learn more new skills. （ C） Psychological reward is more important than material one. （ D） Work will have to be mad
12、e interesting to raise efficiency. 15 According to the interviewee, which of the following can offer both psychological and monetary benefits? （ A） Contact with many people. （ B） Chances for advancement. （ C） Appreciation from coworkers. （ D） Chances to learn new skills. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Dir
13、ections: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 According to the news item, “sleepboxes“ are designed to solve the problems of （ A） airports
14、. （ B） passengers. （ C） architects. （ D） companies. 17 Which of the following is NOT true with reference to the news? （ A） Sleepboxes can be rented for different lengths of time. （ B） Renters of normal height can stand up inside. （ C） Bedding can be automatically changed. （ D） Renters can take a sho
15、wer inside the box. 18 What is the news item mainly about? （ A） Londons preparations for the Notting Hill Carnival. （ B） Main features of the Notting Hill Carnival. （ C） Polices preventive measures for the carnival. （ D） Police participation in the carnival. 19 The news item reports on a research fi
16、nding about （ A） the Dutch famine and the Dutch women. （ B） early malnutrition and heart health. （ C） the causes of death during the famine. （ D） nutrition in childhood and adolescence. 20 When did the research team carry out the study? （ A） At the end of World War II. （ B） Between 1944 and 1945. （
17、C） In the 1950s. （ D） In 2007. 20 Three hundred years ago news travelled by word of mouth or letter, and circulated in taverns and coffee houses in the form of pamphlets and newsletters. “The coffee houses particularly are very roomy for a free conversation, and for reading at an easier rate all man
18、ner of printed news,“ noted one observer. Everything changed in 1833 when the first mass-audience newspaper, The New York Sun , pioneered the use of advertising to reduce the cost of news, thus giving advertisers access to a wider audience. The penny press, followed by radio and television, turned n
19、ews from a two-way conversation into a one-way broadcast, with a relatively small number of firms controlling the media. Now, the news industry is returning to something closer to the coffee house. The internet is making news more participatory, social and diverse, reviving the discursive characteri
20、stics of the era before the mass media. That will have profound effects on society and politics. In much of the world, the mass media are flourishing. Newspaper circulation rose globally by 6% between 2005 and 2009. But those global figures mask a sharp decline in readership in rich countries. Over
21、the past decade, throughout the Western world, people have been giving up newspapers and TV news and keeping up with events in profoundly different ways. Most strikingly, ordinary people are increasingly involved in compiling, sharing, filtering, discussing and distributing news. Twitter lets people
22、 anywhere report what they are seeing. Classified documents are published in their thousands online. Mobile-phone footage of Arab uprisings and American tornadoes is posted on social-networking sites and shown on television newscasts. Social-networking sites help people find, discuss and share news
23、with their friends. And it is not just readers who are challenging the media elite. Technology firms including Google, Facebook and Twitter have become important conduits of news. Celebrities and world leaders publish updates directly via social networks; many countries now make raw data available t
24、hrough “open government“ initiatives. The internet lets people read newspapers or watch television channels from around the world. The web has allowed new providers of news, from individual bloggers to sites, to rise to prominence in a very short space of time. And it has made possible entirely new
25、approaches to journalism, such as that practiced by WikiLeaks, which provides an anonymous way for whistleblowers to publish documents. The news agenda is no longer controlled by a few press barons and state outlets. In principle, every liberal should celebrate this. A more participatory and social
26、news environment, with a remarkable diversity and range of news sources, is a good thing. The transformation of the news business is unstoppable, and attempts to reverse it are doomed to failure. As producers of new journalism, individuals can be scrupulous with facts and transparent with their sour
27、ces. As consumers, they can be general in their tastes and demanding in their standards. And although this transformation does raise concerns, there is much to celebrate in the noisy, diverse, vociferous, argumentative and stridently alive environment of the news business in the ages of the internet
28、. The coffee house is back. Enjoy it. 21 According to the passage, what initiated the transformation of coffee-house news to mass-media news? （ A） The emergence of big mass media firms. （ B） The popularity of radio and television. （ C） The appearance of advertising in newspapers. （ D） The increasing
29、 number of newspaper readers. 22 Which of the following statements best supports “Now, the news industry is returning to something closer to the coffee house“? （ A） Newspaper circulation rose globally by 6% between 2005 and 2009. （ B） People in the Western world are giving up newspapers and TV news.
30、 （ C） Classified documents are published in their thousands online. （ D） More people are involved in finding, discussing and distributing news. 23 According to the passage, which is NOT a role played by information technology? （ A） Challenging the traditional media. （ B） Planning the return to coffe
31、e-house news. （ C） Providing people with access to classified files. （ D） Giving ordinary people the chance to provide news. 24 The authors tone in the last paragraph towards new journalism is （ A） optimistic and cautious. （ B） supportive and skeptical. （ C） doubtful and reserved. （ D） ambiguous and
32、 cautious. 25 In “The coffee house is back“, coffee house best symbolizes （ A） the changing characteristics of news audience. （ B） the more diversified means of news distribution. （ C） the participatory nature of news. （ D） the more varied sources of news. 25 Paris is like pornography. You respond e
33、ven if you dont want to. You turn a corner and see a vista, and your imagination bolts away. Suddenly you are thinking about what it would be like to live in Paris, and then you think about all the lives you have not lived. Sometimes, though, when you are lucky, you only think about how many pleasur
34、es the day ahead holds. Then, you feel privileged. The lobby of the hotel is decorated in red and gold. It gives off a whiff of 19th-century decadence. Probably as much as any hotel in Paris, this hotel is sexy. I was standing facing the revolving doors and the driveway beyond. A car with a woman in
35、 the back seat a woman in a short skirt and black-leather jacket pulled up before the hotel door. She swung off and she was wearing high heels. Normally, my mind would have leaped and imagined a story for this woman. Now it didnt. I stood there and told myself. Cheer up. Youre in Paris. In many ways
36、, Paris is best visited in winter. The tourist crowds are at a minimum, and one is not being jammed off the narrow sidewalks along the Rue Dauphine. More than this, Paris is like many other European cities in that the season of blockbuster cultural events tends to begin in mid- to late fall and so,
37、by the time of winter, most of the cultural treasures of the city are laid out to be admired. The other great reason why Paris in winter is so much better than Paris in spring and fall is that after the end of the August holidays and the return of chic Parisian women to their city, the restaurant-op
38、ening season truly begins hopping. By winter, many of the new restaurants have worked out their kinks (不足 ; 困难 ) and, once the hype has died down, it is possible to see which restaurants are actually good and which are merely noisy and crowded. Most people are about as happy as they set their mind t
39、o being , Lincoln said. In Paris it doesnt take much to be happy. Outside the hotel, the sky was pale and felt very high up. I walked the few blocks to the Seine and began running along the blue-green river toward the Eiffel Tower. The tower in the distance was black, and felt strange and beautiful
40、the way that many things built for the joy of building do. As I ran toward it, because of its lattice structure, the tower seemed obviously delicate. Seeing it, I felt a sense of protectiveness. I think it was this moment of protectiveness that marked the change in my mood and my slowly becoming thr
41、illed with being in Paris. During winter evenings, Pariss streetlamps have a halo and resemble dandelions. In winter, when one leaves the Paris street and enters a cafe or restaurant, the light and temperature change suddenly and dramatically, there is the sense of having discovered something secret
42、. In winter, because the days are short, there is an urgency to the choices one makes. There is the sense that life is short and so let us decide on what matters. 26 According to the passage, once in Paris one might experience all the following feelings EXCEPT （ A） regret. （ B） condescension. （ C） e
43、xpectation. （ D） impulse. 27 Winter is the best season to visit Paris. Which of the following does NOT support this statement? （ A） Fashionable Parisian women return to Paris. （ B） More entertainment activities are staged. （ C） There are more good restaurants to choose from. （ D） There are fewer tou
44、rists in Paris. 28 “Most people are about as happy as they set their mind to being. “ This statement means that most people （ A） expect to be happy. （ B） hope to be as happy as others. （ C） would be happier if they wanted. （ D） can be happy if they want. 29 In the eyes of the author, winter in Paris
45、 is significant because of （ A） the atmosphere of its evenings. （ B） its implications for life. （ C） the contrast it brings. （ D） the discovery one makes. 30 At the end of the passage, the author found himself in a mood of （ A） excitement. （ B） thoughtfulness. （ C） loneliness. （ D） joyfulness. 30 If
46、 you want to know why Denmark is the worlds leader in wind power, start with a three-hour car trip from the capital Copenhagen mind the bicyclists to the small town of Lem on the far west coast of Jutland. Youll feel it as you cross the 6. 8 km-long Great Belt Bridge: Denmarks bountiful wind, so fie
47、rce even on a calm summers day that it threatens to shove your car into the waves below. But wind itself is only part of the reason. In Lem, workers in factories the size of aircraft hangars build the wind turbines sold by Vestas, the Danish company that has emerged as the industrys top manufacturer
48、 around the globe. The work is both gross and fine; employees weld together massive curved sheets of steel to make central shafts as tall as a 14-story building, and assemble engine housings (机器外罩 ) that hold some 18,000 separate parts. Most impressive are the turbines blades, which scoop the wind w
49、ith each sweeping revolution. As smooth as an Olympic swimsuit and honed to aerodynamic perfection, each blade weighs in at 7,000 kg, and theyre what help make Vestas turbines the best in the world. “The blade is where the secret is,“ says Erik Therkelsen, a Vestas executive. “If we can make a turbine, its sold. “ But technology, like the wind itself, is just one more part of the reason for Denmarks dominance. In the end, it happene
