1、2014年 12月大学英语四级真题试卷（一）及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay about a classmate of yours who has influenced you most in college. You should state the reasons and write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Section A （ A） The woman is fussy
2、 about the cleanness of the apartment. （ B） He has not cleaned the apartment since his mothers visit. （ C） He does not remember when his mother came over. （ D） His mother often helps him to clean the apartment. （ A） The bus stop is only two minutes walk. （ B） The running made him short of breath. （
3、C） They might as well take the next bus. （ D） The woman is late by a couple of minutes. （ A） She is suffering a pain in her neck. （ B） She is likely to replace Miss Smith. （ C） She has to do extra work for a few days. （ D） She is quite sick of working overtime. （ A） Change her job. （ B） Buy a dishwa
4、sher. （ C） Open a flower shop. （ D） Start her own business. （ A） He forgot where he had left the package. （ B） He slipped on his way to the post office. （ C） He wanted to deliver the package himself. （ D） He failed to do what he promised to do. （ A） The speakers do not agree with each other. （ B） Th
5、e woman does not like horror films. （ C） The man pays for the tickets as a rule. （ D） The speakers happened to meet in the cinema. （ A） The woman is just as unlucky as the man. （ B） The woman is more sensitive than the man. （ C） The speakers share a common view on love. （ D） The speakers are unhappy
6、 with their marriage. （ A） Preparations for a forum. （ B） Participants in the forum. （ C） Organizers of a forum. （ D） Expectations of the forum. （ A） France. （ B） Scandinavia. （ C） Russia. （ D） East Europe. （ A） More women will be promoted in the workplace. （ B） More women will overcome their inadeq
7、uacies. （ C） More women will receive higher education. （ D） More women will work outside the family. （ A） Try hard to protect womens rights. （ B） Educate men to respect women more. （ C） Help women acquire more professional skills. （ D） Spend more time changing womens attitudes. （ A） In a restaurant.
8、 （ B） In a hotel lobby. （ C） At the mans office. （ D） At the womans place. （ A） He is the chief designer of the latest bike model. （ B） He has completed an overseas market survey. （ C） He is the Managing Director of Jayal Motors. （ D） He has just come back from a trip to Africa. （ A） To select the r
9、ight model. （ B） To get a good import agent. （ C） To convince the board members. （ D） To cut down production costs. （ A） His flexibility. （ B） His vision. （ C） His intelligence. （ D） His determination. Section B （ A） How being an identical twin influences ones identity. （ B） Why some identical twins
10、 keep their identities secret. （ C） Why some identical twins were separated from birth. （ D） How identical twins are born, raised and educated. （ A） Their second wives were named Linda. （ B） They grew up in different surroundings. （ C） Their first children were both daughters. （ D） They both got mar
11、ried when they were 39. （ A） They want to find out the relationship between environment and biology. （ B） They want to see what characteristics distinguish one from the other. （ C） They want to understand how twins communicate when far apart. （ D） They want to know whether twins can feel each others
12、 pain. （ A） It is especially attractive to children and the young. （ B） It is the first choice of vacationers on the Continent. （ C） It is as comfortable as living in a permanent house. （ D） It is an inexpensive way of spending a holiday. （ A） It has a solid plastic frame. （ B） It consists of an inn
13、er and an outer tent. （ C） It is very convenient to set up. （ D） It is sold to many Continental countries. （ A） A groundsheet. （ B） A gas stove. （ C） A kitchen extension. （ D） A spare tent. （ A） It covers 179 square miles. （ B） It is as big as New York City. （ C） It covers 97 square kilometers. （ D）
14、 It is only half the size of Spain. （ A） Its geographic features attracted many visitors. （ B） Its citizens enjoyed a peaceful, comfortable life. （ C） It imported food from foreign countries. （ D） It was cut off from the rest of the world. （ A） The fast development of its neighboring countries. （ B）
15、 The increasing investment by developed countries. （ C） The building of roads connecting it with neighboring countries. （ D） The establishing of diplomatic relations with France and Spain. （ A） They work on their farms. （ B） They work in the tourist industry. （ C） They raise domestic animals. （ D） T
16、hey make traditional handicrafts. Section C 26 “Dont take many English courses; they wont help you get a decent job.“ “Sign up for management classes, so youll be ready to join the family business when you graduate. “ Sound【 B1】 _? Many of us have heard suggestions like these【 B2】 _by parents or oth
17、ers close to us. Such comments often seem quite reasonable. Why, then, should suggestions like these be taken with【 B3】 _? The reason is they relate to decisions you should make. You are the one who must【 B4】 _their consequences. One of the worst reasons to follow a particular path in life is that o
18、ther people want you to. Decisions that affect your life should be your decisions decisions you make after youve considered various【 B5】 _and chosen the path that suits you best. Making your own decisions does not mean that you should【 B6】 _the suggestions of others. For instance, your parents do ha
19、ve their own unique experiences that may make their advice helpful, and having【 B7】 _in a great deal of your personal history, they may have a clear view of your strengths and weaknesses. Still, their views are not necessarily accurate. They may still see you as a child【 B8】 _care and protection. Or
20、 they may see only your strengths. Or, in some unfortunate cases, they may【 B9】 your flaws and shortcomings. People will always be giving you advice. Ultimately, though, you have to make your own【 B10】 _. 27 【 B1】 28 【 B2】 29 【 B3】 30 【 B4】 31 【 B5】 32 【 B6】 33 【 B7】 34 【 B8】 35 【 B9】 36 【 B10】 Sect
21、ion A 36 One principle of taxation, called the benefits principle, states that people should pay taxes based on the benefits they receive from government services. This principle tries to make public goods similar to【 C1】 _goods. It seems reasonable that a person who often goes to the movies pays mo
22、re in【 C2】 _for movie tickets than a person who rarely goes. And【 C3】 _, a person who gets great benefit from a public good should pay more for it than a person who gets little benefit. The gasoline tax, for instance, is sometimes【 C4】 _using the benefits principle. In some states,【 C5】 _from the ga
23、soline tax are used to build and maintain roads. Because those who buy gasoline are the same people who use the roads, the gasoline tax might be viewed as a【 C6】 _way to pay for this government service. The benefits principle can also be used to argue that wealthy citizens should pay higher taxes th
24、an poorer ones,【 C7】 _because the wealthy benefit more from public services. Consider, for example, the benefits of police protection from【 C8】 _. Citizens with much to protect get greater benefit from police than those with less to protect. Therefore, according to the benefits principle, the wealth
25、y should【 C9】_more than the poor to the cost of【 C10】 _the police force. The same argument can be used for many other public services, such as fire protection, national defense, and the court system. A)adapt I)provided B)contribute J)revenues C)exerting K)similarly D)expenses L)simply E)fair M)theft
26、 F)justified N)total G)maintaining O)wealth H)private 37 【 C1】 38 【 C2】 39 【 C3】 40 【 C4】 41 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7】 44 【 C8】 45 【 C9】 46 【 C10】 Section B 46 Growing Up Colored A)You wouldnt know Piedmont anymore-my Piedmont, I mean-the town in West Virginia where I learned to be a colored boy. B)Th
27、e 1950s in Piedmont was a time to remember, or at least to me. People were always proud to be from Piedmont lying at the foot of a mountain, on the banks of the mighty Potomac. We knew God gave America no more beautiful location. I never knew colored people anywhere who were crazier about mountains
28、and water, flowers and trees, fishing and hunting. For as long as anyone could remember, we could outhunt, outshoot, and outswim the white boys in the valley. C)The social structure of Piedmont was something we knew like the back of our hands. It was an immigrant town; white Piedmont was Italian and
29、 Irish, with a handful of wealthy WASPs (盎格鲁撒克逊裔的白人新教徒 )on East Hampshire Street, and “ethnic“ neighborhoods of working-class people everywhere else, colored and white. D)For as long as anyone can remember, Piedmonts character has been completely bound up with the Westvaco paper mill: its prosperous
30、 past and doubtful future. At first glance, the town is a typical dying mill center. Many once beautiful buildings stand empty, evidencing a bygone time of spirit and pride. The big houses on East Hampshire Street are no longer proud, as they were when I was a kid. E)Like the Italians and the Irish,
31、 most of the colored people migrated to Piedmont at the turn of the 20th century to work at the paper mill, which opened in 1888. All the colored men at the paper mill worked on “the platform“ loading paper into trucks until the craft unions were finally integrated in 1968. Loading is what Daddy did
32、 every working day of his life. Thats what almost every colored grown-up I knew did. F)Colored people lived in three neighborhoods that were clearly separated. Welcome to the Colored Zone, a large stretched banner could have said. And it felt good in there, like walking around your house in bare fee
33、t and underwear, or snoring (打鼾 )right out loud on the couch in front of the TV enveloped by the comforts of home, the warmth of those you love. G)Of course, the colored world was not so much a neighborhood as a condition of existence. And though our own world was seemingly self-contained, it impact
34、ed on the white world of Piedmont in almost every direction. Certainly, the borders of our world seemed to be impacted on when some white man or woman showed up where he or she did not belong, such as at the black Legion Hall. Our space was violated when one of them showed up at a dance or a party.
35、The rhythms would be off. The music would sound not quite right. Everybody would leave early. H)Before 1955, most white people were just shadowy presences in our world, vague figures of power like remote bosses at the mill or clerks at the bank. There were exceptions, of course, the white people who
36、 would come into our world in routine, everyday ways we all understood. Mr. Mail Man, Mr.Insurance Man, Mr. White-and-Chocolate Milk Man, Mr. Landlord Man, Mr. Police Man: we called white people by their trade, like characters in a mystery play. Mr. Insurance Man would come by every other week to co
37、llect payments on college or death policies, sometimes 50 cents or less. I)“Its no disgrace to be colored,“ the black entertainer Bert Williams famously observed early in the century, “ but it is awfully inconvenient. “ For most of my childhood, we couldnt eat in restaurants or sleep in hotels, we c
38、ouldnt use certain bathrooms or try on clothes in stores. Mama insisted that we dress up when we went to shop. She was carefully dressed when she went to clothing stores, and wore white pads called shields under her arms so her dress or blouse would show no sweat. “ Wed like to try this on,“ shed sa
39、y carefully, uttering her words precisely and properly. “ We dont buy clothes we cant try on,“ shed say when they declined, and wed walk out in Mamas dignified (有尊严的 )manner. She preferred to shop where we had an account and where everyone knew who she was. J)At the Cut-Rate Drug Store, no one color
40、ed was allowed to sit down at the counter or tables, with one exception: my father. I dont know for certain why Carl Dadisman, the owner, wouldnt stop Daddy from sitting down. But I believe it was in part because Daddy was so light-colored, and in part because, during his shift at the phone company,
41、 he picked up orders for food and coffee for the operators. Colored people were supposed to stand at the counter, get their food to go, and leave. Even when Young Doc Bess would set up the basketball team with free Cokes after one of many victories, the colored players had to stand around and drink
42、out of paper cups while the white players and cheerleaders sat down in comfortable chairs and drank out of glasses. K)I couldnt have been much older than five or six as I sat with my father at the Cut-Rate one afternoon, enjoying ice cream.Mr.Wilson, a stony-faced Irishman, walked by.“ Hello, Mr. Wi
43、lson,“ my father said. “Hello, George. “ L)I was genuinely puzzled. Mr. Wilson must have confused my father with somebody else, but who? There werent any Georges among the colored people in Piedmont. “ Why dont you tell him your name, Daddy?“ I asked loudly.“Your name isnt George. “ “He knows my nam
44、e, boy,“ my father said after a long pause.“He calls all colored people George. M)I knew we wouldnt talk about it again; even at that age, I was given to understand that there were some subjects it didnt do to worry to death about. Now that I have children, I realize that what distressed my father w
45、asnt so much the Mr. Wilsons of the world as the painful obligation to explain the racial facts of life to someone who hadnt quite learned them yet. Maybe Mr. Wilson couldnt hurt my father by calling him George; but I hurt him by asking to know why. 47 The author felt as a boy that his life in a sep
46、arated neighborhood was casual and cozy. 48 There is every sign of decline at the paper mill now. 49 One reason the authors father could sit and eat at the drug store was that he didnt look that dark. 50 Piedmont was a town of immigrants from different parts of the world. 51 In spite of the awful in
47、conveniences caused by racial prejudice, the authors family managed to live a life of dignity. 52 The author later realized he had caused great distress to his father by asking why he was wrongly addressed. 53 The author took pride in being from Piedmont because of its natural beauty. 54 Colored peo
48、ple called white people by the business they did. 55 Colored people who lived in Piedmont did heavy manual jobs at the paper mill. 56 The colored people felt uneasy at the presence of the whites in their neighborhoods. Section C 56 Children are a delight. They are our future. But sadly, hiring someo
49、ne to take care of them while you go to work is getting more expensive by the year. Earlier this month, it was reported that the cost of enrolling an infant or small kid at a childcare center rose 3% in 2012, faster than the overall cost of living. There are now large strips of the country where daycare for an infant costs more than a tenth of the average married couples income. This is not necessarily a new trend, but it is a
