1、2018年 6月大学英语四级真题试卷（一）及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the importance of reading ability and how to develop it. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Section A （ A） The return of a bottled message to its owner s d
2、aughter. （ B） A New Hampshire man s joke with friends on his wife. （ C） A father s message for his daughter. （ D） The history of a century-old motel. （ A） She wanted to show gratitude for his kindness. （ B） She wanted to honor her father s promise. （ C） She had been asked by her father to do so. （ D
3、） She was excited to see her father s handwriting. （ A） People were concerned about the number of bees. （ B） Several cases of Zika disease had been identified. （ C） Two million bees were infected with disease. （ D） Zika virus had destroyed some bee farms. （ A） It apologized to its customers. （ B） It
4、 was forced to kill its bees. （ C） It lost a huge stock of bees. （ D） It lost 2.5 million dollars. （ A） It stayed in the air for about two hours. （ B） It took off and landed on a football field. （ C） It proved to be of high commercial value. （ D） It made a series of sharp turns in the sky. （ A） Engi
5、neering problems. （ B） The air pollution it produced. （ C） Inadequate funding. （ D） The opposition from the military. （ A） It uses the latest aviation technology. （ B） It flies faster than a commercial jet. （ C） It is a safer means of transportation. （ D） It is more environmentally friendly. Section
6、 B （ A） It seems a depressing topic. （ B） It sounds quite alarming. （ C） It has little impact on our daily life. （ D） It is getting more serious these days. （ A） The man doesn t understand Spanish. （ B） The woman doesn t really like dancing. （ C） They don t want something too noisy. （ D） They cant m
7、ake it to the theatre in time. （ A） It would be more fun without Mr. Whitehead hosting. （ B） It has too many acts to hold the audience s attention. （ C） It is the most amusing show he has ever watched. （ D） It is a show inappropriate for a night of charity. （ A） Watch a comedy. （ B） Go and see the d
8、ance. （ C） Book the tickets online. （ D） See a film with the man. （ A） Most of her schoolmates are younger than she is. （ B） She simply has no idea what school to transfer to. （ C） There are too many activities for her to cope with. （ D） She worries she won t fit in as a transfer student. （ A） Seek
9、advice from senior students. （ B） Pick up some meaningful hobbies. （ C） Participate in after-school activities. （ D） Look into what the school offers. （ A） Give her help whenever she needs it. （ B） Accept her as a transfer student. （ C） Find her accommodation on campus. （ D） Introduce her to her roo
10、mmates. （ A） She has interests similar to Mr. Lee s. （ B） She has become friends with Catherine. （ C） She has chosen the major Catherine has. （ D） She has just transferred to the college. Section C （ A） To investigate how being overweight impacts on health. （ B） To find out which physical drive is t
11、he most powerful. （ C） To discover what most mice like to eat. （ D） To determine what feelings mice have. （ A） When they are hungry. （ B） When they are thirsty. （ C） When they smell food. （ D） When they want company. （ A） They search for food in groups. （ B） They are overweight when food is plenty.
12、（ C） They prefer to be with other mice. （ D） They enjoy the company of other animals. （ A） Its construction started before World War I. （ B） Its construction cost more than $40 billion. （ C） It is efficiently used for transport. （ D） It is one of the best in the world. （ A） To improve transportation
13、 in the countryside. （ B） To move troops quickly from place to place. （ C） To enable people to travel at a higher speed. （ D） To speed up the transportation of goods. （ A） In the 1970s. （ B） In the 1960s. （ C） In the 1950s. （ D） In the 1940s. （ A） Chatting while driving. （ B） Messaging while driving
14、. （ C） Driving under age. （ D） Speeding on highways. （ A） A gadget to hold a phone on the steering wheel. （ B） A gadget to charge the phone in a car. （ C） A device to control the speed of a vehicle. （ D） A device to ensure people drive with both hands. （ A） The car keeps flashing its headlights. （ B
15、） The car slows down gradually to a halt. （ C） They are alerted with a light and a sound. （ D） They get a warning on their smart phone. （ A） Installing a camera. （ B） Using a connected app. （ C） Checking their emails. （ D） Keeping a daily record. Section A 26 An office tower on Miller Street in Manc
16、hester is completely covered in solar panels. They are used to create some of the energy used by the insurance company inside. When the tower was first【 C1】 _in 1962, it was covered with thin square stones. These small square stones became a problem for the building and continued to fall off the fac
17、e for 40 years until a major renovation was【 C2】 _During this renovation the buildings owners, CIS,【 C3】 _the solar panel company, Solarcentury. They agreed to cover the entire building in solar panels. In 2004, the completed CIS tower became Europe s largest【 C4】 _of vertical solar panels. A vertic
18、al solar project on such a large【 C5】 _has never been repeated since. Covering a skyscraper with solar panels had never been done before, and the CIS tower was chosen as one of the “10 best green energy projects“. For a long time after this renovation project, it was the tallest building in the Unit
19、ed Kingdom, but it was【 C6】_overtaken by the Millbank Tower. Green buildings like this aren t【 C7】 _cost-efficient for the investor, but it does produce much less pollution than that caused by energy【 C8】 _through fossil fuels. As solar panels get【 C9】 _, the world is likely to see more skyscrapers
20、covered in solar panels, collecting energy much like trees do. Imagine a world where building the tallest skyscraper wasn t a race of【 C10】 _, but rather one to collect the most solar energy. A) cheaper I) eventually B) cleaner J) height C) collection K) necessarily D) competed L) production E) cons
21、tructed M) range F) consulted N) scale G) dimension O) undertaken H) discovered 27 【 C1】 28 【 C2】 29 【 C3】 30 【 C4】 31 【 C5】 32 【 C6】 33 【 C7】 34 【 C8】 35 【 C9】 36 【 C10】 Section B 36 As Tourists Crowd Out Locals, Venice Faces “Endangered“ List A On a recent fall morning, a large crowd blocked the s
22、teps at one of Venice s main tourist sites, the Rialto Bridge. The Rialto Bridge is one of the four bridges spanning the Grand Canal. It is the oldest bridge across the canal, and was the dividing line between the districts of San Marco and San Polo. But on this day, there was a twist; it was filled
23、 with Venetians, not tourists. B “ People are cheering and holding their carts in the air,“ says Giovanni Giorgio, who helped organize the march with a grass-roots organization called Generazione 90. The carts he refers to are small shopping cartsthe symbol of a true Venetian. “ It started as a joke
24、,“ he says with a laugh. “ The idea was to put blades on the wheels! You know? Like Ben Hur. Precisely like that, you just go around and run people down. “ C Venice is one of the hottest tourist destinations in the world. But that s a problem. Up to 90,000 tourists crowd its streets and canals every
25、 dayfar outnumbering the 55,000 permanent residents. The tourist increase is one key reason the city s population is down from 175,000 in the 1950s. The outnumbered Venetians have been steadily fleeing. And those who stick around are tired of living in a place where they can t even get to the market
26、 without swimming through a sea of picture-snapping tourists. Imagine, navigating through 50,000 people while on the way to school or to work. D Laura Chigi, a grandmother at the march, says the local and national governments have failed to do anything about the crowds for decades, because they re o
27、nly interested in tourismthe primary industry in Venice, worth more than $3 billion in 2015. “Venice is a cash cow,“ she says, “and everyone wants a piece. “ E Just beyond St. Mark s Square, a cruise ship passes, one of hundreds every year that appear over their medieval (中世纪的 ) surroundings. Their
28、massive wake creats waves at the bottom of the sea, weakening the foundations of the centuries-old buildings themselves. “ Every time I see a cruise ship, I feel sad,“ Chigi says. “You see the mud it drags; the destruction it leaves in its wake? That hurts the ancient wooden poles holding up the cit
29、y underwater. One day well see Venice break down. “ F For a time, UNESCO, the cultural wing of the United Nations, seemed to agree. Two years ago, it put Italy on notice, saying the government was not protecting Venice. UNESCO considers the entire city a World Heritage Site, a great honor that means
30、 Venice, at the cultural level, belongs to all of the world s people. In 2014, UNESCO gave Italy two years to manage Venice s flourishing tourism or the city would be placed on another listWorld Heritage In Danger, joining such sites as Aleppo and Palmyra, destroyed by the war in Syria. G Venice s d
31、eadline passed with barely a murmur (嘟哝 ) this summer, just as UNESCO was meeting in Istanbul. Only one representative, Jad Tabet from Lebanon, tried to raise the issue. “ For several years, the situation of heritage in Venice has been worsening, and it has now reached a dramatic situation,“ Tabet t
32、old UNESCO. “We have to act quickly, there is not a moment to waste. “ H But UNESCO didn t even hold a vote. “ It s been postponed until 2017 ,“ says Anna Somers, the founder and CEO of The Art Newspaper and the former head of Venice in Peril, a group devoted to restoring Venetian art. She says the
33、main reason the U.N. cultural organization didn t vote to declare Venice a World Heritage Site In Danger is because UNESCO has become “ intensely politicized. There would have been some back-room negotiations. “ I Italy boasts more UNESCO World Heritage Sites than any other country in the world, gra
34、nting it considerable power and influence within the organization. The former head of the UNESCO World Heritage Centre, which oversees heritage sites, is Francesco Bandarin, a Venetian who now serves as UNESCO s assistant director-general for culture. J Earlier this year, Italy signed an accord with
35、 UNESCO to establish a task force of police art detectives and archaeologists (考古学家 ) to protect cultural heritage from natural disasters and terror groups, such as ISIS. The accord underlined Italy s global reputation as a good steward of art and culture. K But adding Venice to the UNESCO endangere
36、d listwhich is dominated by sites in developing and conflict-ridden countrieswould be an international embarrassment, and could even hurt Italy s profitable tourism industry. The Italian Culture Ministry says it is unaware of any government efforts to pressure UNESCO. As for the organization itself,
37、 it declined a request for an interview. L The city s current mayor, Luigi Brugnaro, has ridiculed UNESCO and told it to mind its own business, while continuing to support the cruise ship industry, which employs 5, 000 Venice residents. M As for Venetians, they re beyond frustrated and hoping for a
38、solution soon. “ It s a nightmare for me. Some situations are really difficult with tourists around,“ says Giorgio as he navigates around a swelling crowd at the Rialto Bridge. “There are just so many of them. They never know where they are going, and do not walk in an orderly manner. Navigating the
39、 streets can be exhausting. “ N Then it hits him; This crowd isn t made up of tourists. They re Venetians. Giorgio says he s never experienced the Rialto Bridge this way in all his 22 years. “ For once, we are the ones who are blocking the traffic,“ he says delightedly. “ It feels unreal. It feels l
40、ike we re some form of endangered species. It s just nice. The feeling is just pure. “ But, he worries, if tourism isnt managed and his fellow locals continue to move to the mainland, his generation might be the last who can call themselves native Venetians. 37 The passing cruise ships will undermin
41、e the foundations of the ancient buildings in Venice. 38 The Italian government has just reached an agreement with UNESCO to take measures to protect its cultural heritage. 39 The heritage situation in Venice has been deteriorating in the past few years. 40 The decrease in the number of permanent re
42、sidents in Venice is mainly due to the increase of tourists. 41 If tourism gets out of control, native Venetians may desert the city altogether one day. 42 UNESCO urged the Italian government to undertake its responsibility to protect Venice. 43 The participants in the Venetian march used shopping c
43、arts to show they were 100% local residents. 44 Ignoring UNESCO s warning, the mayor of Venice maintains his support of the city s tourism industry. 45 One woman says that for decades the Italian government and local authorities have only focused on the revenues from tourism. 46 UNESCO has not yet d
44、ecided to put Venice on the list of World Heritage Sites In Danger. Section C 46 Losing your ability to think and remember is pretty scary. We know the risk of dementia (痴呆症 ) increases with age. But if you have memory slips, you probably needn t worry. There are pretty clear differences between sig
45、ns of dementia and age-related memory loss. After age 50, it s quite common to have trouble remembering the names of people, places and things quickly, says Dr. Kirk Daffher of Brigham and Women s Hospital in Boston. The brain ages just like the rest of the body. Certain parts shrink, especially are
46、as in the brain that are important to learning, memory and planning. Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain. And blood flow can be reduced as blood vessels narrow. Forgetting the name of an actor in a favorite movie, for example, is nothing to worry ab
47、out. But if you forget the plot of the movie or don t remember even seeing it, that s far more concerning, Daffner says. When you forget entire experiences, he says, that s “ a red flag that something more serious may be involved “. Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven,
48、or forgetting how to drive to the house of a friend you ve visited many times before can also be signs of something going wrong. But even then, Daffner says, people shouldn t panic. There are many things that can cause confusion and memory loss, including health problems like temporary stoppage of b
49、reathing during sleep, high blood pressure, or depression, as well as medications (药物 ) like antidepressants. You don t have to figure this out on your own. Daffner suggests going to your doctor to check on medications, health problems and other issues that could be affecting memory. And the best defense against memory loss is to try to prevent it by building up your brain s cognitive (认知的 ) reserve, Daffner says. “Read books,
