1、BEC商务英语（高级）阅读模拟试卷 60及答案与解析 一、 PART ONE 0 A Regular European business travellers view travelling on commercial airlines as inefficient and inconvenient. Mostly it is not the airlines fault but the infrastructure they have to work with. Private aircraft are being bought primarily not to save money on
2、tickets but to save time. Scheduled flights in Europe cover only 10 per cent of the destinations available. Delays, more likely than not in European travel these days, waste precious time. The number of hours top executives with huge salaries waste has a direct impact on cost-effectiveness. B The gr
3、adual completion of Europes single market means that more and more executives are criss-crossing Europe to look for business. With European domestic air fares extremely high, a corporate jet looks more attractive for executives flying three or four times a month. Even some of Europes smaller compani
4、es are investigating it. However, the larger European airports operate priority regulations which govern slot allocation for take-off and create delays; airlines have first priority, chartered flights come second, air taxis third and business jets are fourth on the list. Smaller airports pose proble
5、ms of access and a risk of inadequate ground handling. C Most businesses will not discuss their corporate aircraft or even reveal whether the already high-earning chief executive has an aircraft, for fear of shareholder reaction. There is still some stigma attached to ownership of a business jet. Wi
6、th new planes costing anything from $ 5 million upwards plus extra comforts in the interior, many companies feel they cant justify the expense to shareholders and employees. For some European managers a private jet is seen as an unacceptable perk indicating serious problems in a companys management.
7、 D The market for private aircraft fall into two sectors: the no-expense-spared rich mans plaything the popular image and the serious business tool owned by corporations. Manufacturers deliver the former as what is called a “green“ aircraft a plane that is unfinished except for a green corrosive-res
8、istant paint which covers the bare metal. Owners personalise the plane with telephones, dining areas and even cinemas. The latter sector is very different and planes are normally bought with straightforward seating. E Fractional ownership of aircraft has opened up the market, as the low acquisition
9、costs and predictable monthly fees are more palatable to shareholders, and to first-time buyers. Some of the biggest names in the business jet industry have launched their own fractional ownership schemes. Several smaller companies are also getting in on the act and are trying to beat the larger com
10、panies down the runway by offering cheaper prices. Yet critics claim that fractional ownership is untested and faces the customer with a wide range of liabilities. 1 The expense of plane ownership is seen as unacceptable by large numbers of people. 2 Increased business travel is leading to greater i
11、nterest in plane ownership. 3 Company-owned planes are less luxurious than might be expected. 4 Rules concerning flights may slow down privately owned travel. 5 The justification for plane ownership is related to senior management pay levels. 6 Plane ownership may be regarded as a sign of a business
12、 being poorly run. 7 Competition is increasing among businesses selling planes. 8 Plane ownership enables more rapid access to many places. 二、 PART TWO 8 Read this text taken from an article about how the accountants influence the decisions.Choose the best sentence to fill each of the gaps.For each
13、gap (9-14), mark one letter (A-H) on your Answer Sheet.Do not use any letter more than once.There is an example at the beginning, (0). How the Accountants Influence the Decisions Accountants in industry are often asked to evaluate projects. (0) H . Many people think it must be straightforward, but,
14、like many publishing contracts, the devil lies in the detail. (9). There is a high level of front-end investment in trying to “break“ (popularise) an artist which usually comprises a non-returnable advance on royalties, recording costs, promotional costs and tour support costs which sometimes even e
15、xtend to large “buy-on“ fees to support major artists on big tours; i. e. they pay to play. Usually the first department involved in a decision to sign an artist is the A e. g. if it were wound up. (12) . Pete Watermans PWL with artists such as Kylie Minogue, Jason Donovan and Rick Astley was a good
16、 example of a production house. Other examples are lease-tape deals and R at other times, the change is met with resistance and dissatisfaction of the employees. Change and stress are closely related. Because of the feelings of uncertainty, insecurity, and threat that it invokes, organizational chan
17、ge can be extremely stressful for the individual. When change occurs, employees may be stressed by role overload, role ambiguity, and role boundary. According to Selye, a little stress is actually good. When stress is at its optimal level, it can increase human resource potential as it spurs individ
18、uals to achieve their best working performances. However, stress can become negative and destructive when its optimal level is exceeded. This could result in individuals experiencing high levels of anxiety or depression, low job motivation, somatic problems such as headaches, loss of appetite, troub
19、le sleeping and ill health. In an organization that has many of its employees overly stressed or burned out, there are many detrimental consequences such as higher absenteeism, lower productivity, lower job satisfaction, and low morale. There is variation in the manner individuals respond to organiz
20、ational change. Individuals may undergo a similar change process in the organization, but the stress evoked by the change can be perceived very differently. Some individuals may regard change as a threat, feeling distressed and fearful of the uncertain consequences of the change. Others may react to
21、 the change with outbursts of anger and complaints. Yet there are also those who welcome change with an optimistic attitude, seeing change as a challenge, an opportunity for growth and improvement. What accounts for the differences in experiencing change and perceiving stress for these individuals?
22、Many studies suggest organizational characteristics, such as workplace climate, empowerment, and information about change, as factors that affect an individuals adjustment to organizational change and stress. However, the research is often focused on organization-level phenomena, rather than on indi
23、vidual factors. Every person has a distinct set of personality characteristics, owns different resources, and employs different coping strategies to deal with change. This explains why coping with organizational change and stress can turn out to be very different experiences for individuals. For ins
24、tance, recent micro-level research on individuals has identified dispositional traits that predict a persons ability to cope with change. Hence, on top of looking at organizational factors, this study also examines individual factors that may help to maximize an individuals potential to work product
25、ively and efficiently in the midst of change. 15 According to the second paragraph, what is the most possible and proper statement about the reason why change and stress are closely related? （ A） Change can be the motivation of stress and through their mutual interaction, there will be improvement.
26、（ B） Stress causes change to occur, and may bring negative effects such as the chang of the job and the reduction of the salary. （ C） Organizational change is a primary cause of stress and when change occurs, employees often experience role stress. （ D） Change and stress are a pair of phenomena that
27、 will both appear in the process of employment. 16 Why, according to Selye, is a little stress good to employees to some extent? （ A） As it mobilizes an individual to achieve peak performances in activities and tasks. （ B） As, if without stress, nothing can be achieved successfully and fully. （ C） A
28、s stress is an important way to prevent inaction and languor during the working process. （ D） As stress is the ligament between the employees and the organizations and helps the organizations to identify qualified employees. 17 According to the fourth paragraph, what should the organization do about
29、 the impact of the stress? （ A） The organization should take some measures to prevent stress and provide more freedom for the employees. （ B） It is in the organizations best interest to reduce the amount of distress coming from the organizational change, so as to enhance its human resource potential
30、. （ C） The organization should disregard the impact, otherwise, the interest and efficiency could be affected. （ D） The organization should know what causes the stress and eliminates the origins of the stress. 18 What does the writer imply in the fourth paragraph? （ A） Organizations can increase com
31、munication and disseminate adequate information about the change to employees. （ B） Organizations can help employees through training and educating them on how to cope with stress. （ C） Organizations can create a supportive environment at the workplace and it is vital that both superiors and colleag
32、ues play a part. （ D） That would be beneficial for the company if the employees are in a good state of psychological and emotional well-being, instead of being overly stressed or burned out. 19 From the last paragraph, in summary, what is the element that also causes differences in the way people ex
33、perience change? （ A） The differences in the gender, age, nationality and personality. （ B） Dispositional traits that predict a persons ability to cope with change. （ C） It is maximizing an individuals potential to work productively and efficiently in the midst of change. （ D） Differences in the way
34、 people perceive stress is also due to the uniqueness of individuals. 20 What is the theme of this article? （ A） Maximizing human resource potential would mean that employees are in their top form performing for the organization. （ B） The organizational change can affect human resource potential. （
35、C） Organizations can increase communication and disseminate adequate information about the change to employees. （ D） Organizations can empower their employees to play a more active role in the implementation of change. 四、 PART FOUR 20 Read the article below about market research.Choose the cprrect w
36、ord to fill each gap from A, B, C or D.For each question (21-30), mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet.There is an example at the beginning, (0). Market Research Market research has become increasingly important in recent years. In some organisations, in fact, managers will not initia
37、te any activity without market research to (0) A them up. The first thing about market research is that it is not an (21) to management decision-making. No form of market research, no matter how deep, complicated and detailed, can ever be seen as a substitute for creative decision-making by professi
38、onal managers. (22) its very best, all it can do is (23) some doubt and clarify the nature of the problem. It may even be seen as a tool which can help improve the (24) of decisions but it is not in itself a decision-making mechanism. Market research, in (25) with a number of other approaches in mar
39、keting, suffers from the frequent complaint that it is not really accurate. Market research results can never be completely accurate because they (26) with a dynamic, ever changing marketplace. It is essential that this is understood by everyone with an interest in the results. There is, therefore,
40、an ongoing need for creativity and imagination, when (27) market research results and when making any (28) to apply them in the marketplace. Finally, it should always be remembered that market research is not an end in itself but simply a (29) by which some degree of risk can be removed from marketp
41、lace activity. If no activity (30) from the research, then the entire research has been completely pointless.（ A） option （ B） alternative （ C） end （ D） opening （ A） For （ B） From （ C） At （ D） With （ A） reject （ B） omit （ C） deny （ D） remove （ A） quality （ B） goodness （ C） well-being （ D） virtue （ A）
42、 association （ B） common （ C） addition （ D） connection （ A） work （ B） manage （ C） deal （ D） operate （ A） deciding （ B） thinking （ C） proving （ D） considering （ A） attempt （ B） venture （ C） choice （ D） try （ A） mode （ B） means （ C） way （ D） progress （ A） shows （ B） produces （ C） results （ D） appears
43、五、 PART FIVE 30 Read the text below about computer trends.For each question (31-40), write one word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet.There is an example at the beginning, (0).COMPUTER TRENDS When analysing the computer market worldwide it is useful (0) distinguish (31) sales of desktop comput
44、ers and portable laptop models. The major manufacturers perform very differently (32) different areas of the market; for example, A. B. I. , the worldwide brand leader in desktop computers, ranks only fourth in laptop computer sales and has captured only nineteen per cent of the European market. The
45、 Grown Corporation has succeeded in penetrating the difficult European market and now has a twenty-one per cent market share; in worldwide sales, however, Crown ranks second in laptop models (33) fourth in desktops.Beginners luck A recent arrival (34) the scene, Unitec, has won a twenty-eight per ce
46、nt slice of the European market and already stands at number five in the world market in (35) categories. The computer division of Marcus Industries ranks just below A. B. I. in the desktop best five and currently leads the world market in portable models; in spite of this, Marcus have captured only
47、 six per cent of the European sector. Europe fights back The remainder (36) the European market is shared by a number of local manufacturers who are competing well in home markets (37) who do not figure largely on the international scene. The (38) one of these European companies to challenge the U.
48、S. and Japanese makers abroad successfully is Contact Electronics who entered the top five in the laptop field this year and managed (39) outsell both A. B. I. and Unitec. Unitecs main rival, PerryHamilton, still occupies third place in the desktop category, (40) . is struggling to maintain its mark
49、et share. 六、 PART SIX 40 Read the text below about job advertisement.In most of the lines (41-52) there is one extra word. It is either grammatically incorrect or does not fit in with the sense of the text. Some lines, however, are correct.If a line is correct, write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet.If there is an extra word in the line, write the extra word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet.The exercise begins with two examples, (0) and (00).Investment Analysts wanted0 A Fund Management and subsidiary of a prestigious Investment Bank00 seeks bright young investment Analyst
