1、BFT阅读（综合）模拟试卷 37及答案与解析 一、 Part 3 0 Reebok executives do not like to hear their stylish athletic shoes called “footwear for yuppies“. They contend that Reebok shoes appeal to diverse market segments, especially now that the company offers basketball and childrens shoes for the under-18 set and walkin
2、g shoes for older customers not interested in aerobics or running. The executives also point out that through recent acquisitions they have added hiking boots, dress and casual shoes, and high-performance athletic footwear to their product lines, all of which should attract new and varied groups of
3、customers. Still, despite its emphasis on new markets, Reebok plans few changes in the up-market retailing network that helped push sales to $1 billion annually, ahead of all other sports shoes marketers. Reebok shoes, which are priced from $27 to $85, will continue to be sold only in better special
4、ty, sporting goods, and department stores, in accordance with the companys view that consumers judge the quality of the brand by the quality of its distribution. In the past few years, the Massachusetts-based company has imposed limits on the number of its distributors(and the number of shoes suppli
5、ed to stores), partly out of necessity. At times, the unexpected demand for Reeboks exceeded supply, and the company could barely keep up with orders from the dealers it already had. These fulfillment problems seem to be under control now, but the company is still selective about its distributors. A
6、t present, Reebok shoes are available in about five thousand retail stores in the United States. Reebok has already anticipated that walking shoes will be the next fitness-related craze, replacing aerobics shoes the same way its brightly colored, soft leather exercise footwear replaced conventional
7、running shoes. Through product diversification and careful market research, Reebok hopes to avoid the distribution problems Nike came across several years ago, when Nike misjudged the strength of the aerobics shoes craze and was forced to unload huge inventories of running shoes through discount sto
8、res. 1 One reason why Reeboks managerial personnel dont like their shoes to be called “footwear for yuppies“ is that _. （ A） they believe that their shoes are popular with people of different age groups （ B） new production lines have been added to produce inexpensive shoes （ C） yuppies usually evoke
9、s a negative image （ D） the term makes people think of prohibitive prices 2 Reeboks view that “consumers judge the quality of the brand by the quality of its distribution“(Line 5, Para. 2)implies that _. （ A） the quality of a brand is measured by the service quality of the store selling it （ B） the
10、quality of a product determines the quality of its distributors （ C） the popularity of a brand is determined by the stores that sell it （ D） consumers believe that first-rate products are only sold by high-quality stores 3 Reebok once had to limit the number of its distributors because _. （ A） its s
11、upply of products fell short of demand （ B） too many distributors would cut into its profits （ C） the reduction of distributors could increase its share of the market （ D） it wanted to enhance consumer confidence in its products 4 Although the Reebok Company has solved the problem of fulfilling its
12、orders, it _. （ A） does not want to further expand its retailing network （ B） still limits the number of shoes supplied to stores （ C） is still particular about who sells its products （ D） still carefully chooses the manufacturers of its products 5 What lesson has Reebok learned from Nikes distribut
13、ion problems? （ A） A company should not sell its high quality shoes in discount stores. （ B） A company should not limit its distribution network. （ C） A company should do follow-up surveys of its products. （ D） A company should correctly evaluate the impact of a new craze on the market. 6 What does
14、“aerobics“ mean in the first paragraph? （ A） Energetic physical exercises done in order to increase the amount of oxygen taken into the body. （ B） Small airport or airfield, used mainly by private aircraft. （ C） Spectacular feats performed with aircraft, especially as part of a display. （ D） Art of
15、performing flying. 7 How to understand the word “inventories“ in the last paragraph? （ A） Action of creation or designing by thought. （ B） Detailed listing of goods, furniture, jobs to be done. （ C） A large quantity of goods piled up in the stock which cannot be sold in time. （ D） Person who invents
16、 things. 7 Taking charge of yourself involves putting to rest some very prevalent myths. At the top of the list is the notion that intelligence is measured by your ability to solve complex problems; to read, write and compute at certain levels; and to resolve abstract equations quickly. This vision
17、of intelligence asserts formal education and bookish excellence as the true measures of self-fulfillment. It encourages a kind of intellectual prejudice that has brought with it some discouraging results. We have come to believe that someone who has more educational merit badges, who is very good at
18、 some form of school discipline is “intelligent. “ Yet mental hospitals are filled with patients who have all of the properly lettered certificates. A truer indicator of intelligence is an effective, happy life lived each day and each present moment of every day. If you are happy, if you live each m
19、oment for everything its worth, then you are an intelligent person. Problem solving is a useful help to your happiness, but if you know that given your inability to resolve a particular concern you can still choose happiness for yourself, or at a minimum refuse to choose unhappiness, then you are in
20、telligent. You are intelligent because you have the ultimate weapon against the big N.B.D. Nervous Break Down. “Intelligent“ people do not have N.B.D. s because they are in charge of themselves. They know how to choose happiness over depression, because they know how to deal with the problems of the
21、ir lives. You can begin to think of yourselves truly intelligent on the basis of how you choose to feel in the face of trying circumstances. The life struggles are pretty much the same for each of us. Everyone who is involved with other human-beings in any social context has similar difficulties. Di
22、sagreements, conflicts and compromises are a part of what it means to be human. Similarly, money, growing old, sickness, deaths, natural disasters and accidents are all events which present problems to virtually all human beings. But some people are able to make it, to avoid immobilizing depression
23、and unhappiness despite such occurrences, while others collapse or have an N.B.D. Those who recognize problems as a human condition and dont measure happiness by an absence of problems are the most intelligent kind of humans we know; also, the most rare. 8 According to the author, the conventional n
24、otion of intelligence measured in terms of one s ability to read, write and compute _. （ A） is a widely held but wrong concept （ B） will help eliminate intellectual prejudice （ C） is the root of all mental distress （ D） will contribute to ones self-fulfillment 9 It is implied in the passage that hol
25、ding a university degree _. （ A） may result in ones inability to solve complex real life problems （ B） does not indicate ones ability to write properly worded documents （ C） may make one mentally sick and physically weak （ D） does not mean that one is highly intelligent 10 The author thinks that an
26、intelligent person knows _. （ A） how to put up with some very prevalent myths （ B） how to find the best way to achieve success （ C） how to avoid depression and make his life worthwhile （ D） how to persuade others to compromise 11 In the last paragraph, the author tells us that _. （ A） difficulties a
27、re but part of everyones life （ B） depression and unhappiness are unavoidable in life （ C） everybody should learn to avoid trying circumstances （ D） good feelings can contribute to eventual academic excellence 12 According to the passage, what kind of people are rare? （ A） Those who dont emphasize b
28、ookish excellence in their pursuit of happiness. （ B） Those who are aware of difficulties in life but know how to avoid unhappiness. （ C） Those who measure happiness by an absence of problems but seldom suffer from N.B.D.s. （ D） Those who are able to secure happiness though having to struggle agains
29、t trying circumstances. 13 How to understand the word “intelligence“ in the first paragraph? （ A） Power of learning, understanding and reasoning; mental ability. （ B） Information, especially of military value. （ C） People engaged in gathering such information. （ D） Person of high reasoning power. 14
30、 What is the meaning of “depression“ in the third paragraph ? （ A） Being depressed; low spirit. （ B） Hollow sunken place in the surface of something. （ C） Period when there is little economic activity. （ D） (Winds caused by a)lowering of atmospheric pressure. 14 In the 1950s, the pioneers of artific
31、ial intelligence(AI)predicted that, by the end of this century, computers would be conversing with us at work and robots would be performing our housework. But as useful as computers are, theyre nowhere close to achieving anything remotely resembling these early aspirations for humanlike behavior. N
32、ever mind something as complex as conversation: the most powerful computers struggle to reliably recognize the shape of an object, the most elementary of tasks for a ten-month-old kid. A growing group of AI researchers think they know where the field went wrong. The problem, the scientists say, is t
33、hat AI has been trying to separate the highest, most abstract levels of thought, like language and mathematics, and to duplicate them with logical, step-by-step programs. A new movement in AI, on the other hand, takes a closer look at the more roundabout way in which nature came up with intelligence
34、. Many of these researchers study evolution and natural adaptation instead of formal logic and conventional computer programs. Rather than digital computers and transistors, some want to work with brain cells and proteins. The results of these early efforts are as promising as they are peculiar, and
35、 the new nature-based AI movement is slowly but surely moving to the forefront of the field. Imitating the brains neural network is a huge step in the right direction, says computer scientist and biophysicist Michael Conrad, but it still misses an important aspect of natural intelligence. “People te
36、nd to treat the brain as if it were made up of color-coded transistors,“ he explains, “but its not simply a clever network of switches. There are lots of important things going on inside the brain cells themselves. “ Specifically, Conrad believes that many of the brains capabilities stem from the pa
37、ttern recognition proficiency of the individual molecules that make up each brain cell. The best way to build an artificially intelligent device, he claims, would be to build it around the same sort of molecular skills. Right now, the option that conventional computers and softwares are fundamentall
38、y incapable of matching the processes that take place in the brain remains controversial. But if it proves true, then the efforts of Conrad and his fellow AI rebels could turn out to be the only game in town. 15 How to paraphrase the word “pioneers“(Line 1, Para. 1)? （ A） Persons who are among the f
39、irst to go into an area or country to settle or work there. （ B） Persons who go into previously unknown regions to explore. （ C） Persons who are the first to study a new area of knowledge. （ D） Any one of a group of soldiers who go into an area in advance of an army to clear paths. 16 The author say
40、s that the powerful computers of today _. （ A） are capable of reliably recognizing the shape of an object （ B） are close to exhibiting humanlike behavior （ C） are not very different in their performance from those of the 1950s （ D） still cannot communicate with people in a human language 17 The new
41、trend in artificial intelligence research stems from _. （ A） the shift of the focus of study on to the recognition of the shapes of objects （ B） the belief that human intelligence cannot be duplicated with logical, step-by-step programs （ C） the aspirations of scientists to duplicate the intelligenc
42、e of a ten-month-old child （ D） the efforts made by scientists in the study of the similarities between transistors and brain cells 18 Conrad and his group of AI researchers have been making enormous efforts to _. （ A） find a roundabout way to design powerful computers （ B） build a computer using a
43、clever network of switches （ C） find out how intelligence developed in nature （ D） separate the highest and most abstract levels of thought 19 Whats the authors opinion about the new AI movement? （ A） It has created a sensation among artificial intelligence researchers but will soon die out. （ B） It
44、s a breakthrough in duplicating human thought processes. （ C） Its more like a peculiar game rather than a real scientific effort. （ D） It may prove to be in the right direction though nobody is sure of its future prospects. 20 Which of the following is closest in meaning to the phrase “the only game
45、 in town“(Line 3, Para. 4)? （ A） The only approach to building an artificially intelligent computer. （ B） The only way for them to win a prize in artificial intelligence research. （ C） The only area worth studying in computer science. （ D） The only game they would like to play in town. 21 Whats the
46、meaning of “adaptation“(Line 5, Para. 2)? （ A） (Act of)taking somebody into ones family, especially as ones child or heir. （ B） Action or process of becoming adjusted to new conditions. （ C） Thing made by adapting something else, especially a text for production on the stage, radio, etc. （ D） Device
47、 that connects pieces of equipment that were not originally designed to be connected. 21 Wild Bill Donovan would have loved the Internet. The American spymaster who built the Office of Strategic Services in World War II and later laid the roots for the CIA was fascinated with information. Donovan be
48、lieved in using whatever tools came to hand in the “great game“ of espionage-spying as a “profession“. These days the Net, which has already remade pastimes as buying books and sending mail, is reshaping Donovans vocation as well. The last revolution isnt simply a matter of gentlemen reading other g
49、entlemens e-mail. That kind of electronic spying has been going on for decades. In the past three or four years, the world wide web has given birth to a whole industry of point and click spying. The spooks call it “open source intelligence“, and as the Net grows, it is becoming increasingly influential. In 1995, the CIA held a contest to see who could compile the most data about Burundi. The winner, by a large margin, was a tiny Virginia company called Open Source Solutions, whose clear advantage was
