1、BFT阅读（综合）模拟试卷 39及答案与解析 一、 Part 3 0 The opinion of many engineers is that the architects that designed the New York World Trade Center Twin Towers did a good job in designing the buildings. The buildings were safe from the hazards envisioned at the time. Indeed, they were designed to withstand the fo
2、rce of aircraft that might crash into them. They were not, however, designed to withstand the effects of the very high temperatures generated by the ignition of tons of aviation fuel carried by the aircraft. Steel lightly covered with concrete is the main structural component of the towers and steel
3、 loses a lot of structural strength when heated to 1,100 degrees Centigrade and beyond, as it was. To shield the steel the towers beams were coated with a few centimeters of concrete. That insulation was to provide structural integrity for at least 1 hour of fire. The towers met that test. The south
4、 tower lasted 62 minutes. The north, 103 minutes. Tragedy followed when not all could escape prior to the collapse. Most experts agree that the Twin Towers were very well-designed. Many also agree that the people planning the attacks were very knowledgeable and aimed the aircraft at a height that wo
5、uld effect the most damage. The aircraft crash and the resulting fuel fed fires were aimed at about the 90th floor. That was just high enough to insure that the upper floors would weaken with the heat and crack down, dropping into the remaining part of the building. The mass of the falling top floor
6、s created such a falling load that some experts estimate it exceeded by 5 to 10 times normal bearing loads. The effect was like a giant hammer, each floor contributing more weight to be born by the next floor down. Were the Trade Towers well designed? Engineers say yes. But the public believes that
7、architects will never again design a tall building without considering the effects of terrorist attacks of all potential kinds. That not only includes the ability of the structure to withstand attack but the means to allow the buildings occupants to escape in time to survive. 1 This passage is mainl
8、y about _. （ A） the whole process of aircraft in September 11 （ B） the design of New York World Trade Center Twin Towers （ C） how the terrorists attacked the Twin Towers （ D） what caused the attack of the Twin Towers 2 Many engineers after September 11 believe that the Twin Towers were well designed
9、 because _. （ A） they were designed by the world-famous architects （ B） they could withstand any natural hazards such as earthquake or volcano （ C） they had an elegant appearance until they were destroyed （ D） they could withstand aircraft crashing into it 3 The word “withstand“ in the first paragra
10、ph means _. （ A） resist （ B） enlarge （ C） lessen （ D） regain 4 According to the passage, those who designed the towers could have done better if_. （ A） the towers may withstand the force of aircraft （ B） the engineers take the effects of the very high temperatures on the structure into consideration
11、 （ C） the towers held stable until all of the people inside managed to escape （ D） the collapse of the towers may be avoided 5 Which one is NOT true according to the passage? （ A） Most experts agree that the Twin Towers were well designed. （ B） The aircraft crash were aimed at about the 90th floor.
12、（ C） Those who directed the attack know little about the towers. （ D） The time that the two towers lasted during the attack varies. 6 The part of the building below 90th floor_. （ A） was immune to the attack （ B） was chosen as the attack aim （ C） cracked down because of fire （ D） was hammered down b
13、y the falling upper part 7 The author believes that the Twin Towers _. （ A） was well-designed （ B） was not well-designed （ C） sets a good example for engineers in the future （ D） was a total failure in designing 7 A great deal of the early part of humanitys long struggle to measure time amounted to
14、trying to decide what exactly it was that should be measured. The basic unit of time was the day from sunrise to sunset. The Egyptians were the first to break the day into 12 equal parts, giving us the forerunner of todays hours. It was into that world of “natural time“, based on the suns march acro
15、ss the sky and varying with the seasons, that the first mechanical timepieces were introduced in 13th-century Europe. At odds with the conception of time as something that flows, with the introduction of the first clocks came the idea of measuring time by splitting it into discrete chunks and counti
16、ng them. That the early clocks were highly unreliable was of little consequence because they could be checked and adjusted regularly by reference to the sun. So despite the technology, time still depended on the sun, and still varied from season to season. The “time“ given by a mechanical device was
17、 not considered to be the real time and had to be indicated as such, by means of the phrase “of the clock“, later abbreviated to “oclock“. Underlying the development of ever more accurate clocks came a new conception of time as something that flows of its own accord, in a uniform fashion, independen
18、t of the rotation of the earth or its motion around the sun. This view of time has become so ingrained that it is hard to step back and realize that time is a human invention, something that exists, in a practical sense, only by virtue of the machines we develop to “measure“ it.(In fact, the thing w
19、e are measuring is created by the devices that do the measurement.) Another development in the ever-changing concept of time was brought about by the growth of the railways in the 19th century, particularly in North America. With reliable clocks, it was possible for people within towns to synchronis
20、e their daily activities. Rail travel necessitated coordination of all those different local times. The end result of this change is our system of time zones, with a uniform notion of time within each zone. After two thousand years, a completely abstract, human-made notion of time had been put in pl
21、ace. Human life would never be the same. 8 This text is mainly about _. （ A） the evolutionary perspective of time （ B） the history of clocks （ C） time measurement in ancient days （ D） the importance of time measurement 9 Which one is true about peoples idea about time before first clock appeared? （
22、A） The day can be broken into 24 equal parts. （ B） People were not sure what should be measured. （ C） The Europeans were the first to divide the day into several parts. （ D） None of the above. 10 Which one of the following is true about the early clocks? （ A） They were independent on the suns moveme
23、nt. （ B） Time they kept does not vary with the seasons. （ C） They measured time as separate entities. （ D） They measured time as a continuum. 11 The origin of the word “oclock“ conveys the notion that_. （ A） time given by the clock was the real time （ B） time is impossible to measure （ C） time does
24、not really exist （ D） time is not constant 12 After more accurate clocks are invented, people form a new conception of time that_. （ A） time is a human invention （ B） time exists only by virtue of machines to measure it （ C） time is independent of the rotation of earth or its motion around the sun （
25、 D） time came into being only after humans came along 13 The word “synchronise“ in Paragraph 5 probably means _. （ A） to cause to occur or operate at the same time （ B） to make colorful or interesting （ C） to ensure the punctuality （ D） to take it for granted 14 The growth of the railways in the 19t
26、h century contributed to which of the following statements? （ A） The conception of time as something that flows of its own accord. （ B） The creation of a more accurate clock. （ C） Coordination of different local times. （ D） All of the above. 14 The human eye is still uncivilized. Thousands of years
27、ago poets made up songs and chanted them for eager ears. These songs were handed down by word of mouth. For a long time they were not written, since no one, a song maker or a listener, thought of writing books. When writing was finally developed, it was used very little at first. Only a few precious
28、 records were carved on stone. Eventually, men began to use less bulky writing materials skins and various paper like fibers, such as the Egyptian papyrus. For hundreds of years, everything was written by hand. Printing was invented by Chinese, and was first used in Europe in the twelfth century. It
29、 was not until 1475, however, shortly before Columbus sailed for America, that William Caxton printed first book in English. Even after that, books were so rare that few people used their eyes for reading. Not until much later did they become concerned about how to prevent their eyes from getting ti
30、red when reading. Your eyes get tired for several reasons. If you spend only five minutes reading your eyes may make over one thousand separate stops and starts as they move across the page. These many and rapid movements often tire your eyes. It is also more tiring to do close work than to look in
31、the distance. When you read or write, certain eye muscles tighten up or contract, when you look in the distance, these eye muscles can relax, and that rests them. When you looked at the title of this article, perhaps you asked, what is reading hygiene? Hygiene tells us how to live comfortably and he
32、althfully, it helps us to make the best use of our bodies. Reading hygiene tells us how to make the best use of our eyes how to prevent eyestrain and how to read more comfortably. When you misuse your eyes, they let you know in various ways. Your eyes may hurt and your eyelids become red. You may no
33、t be able to see clearly. You may have headaches, feel dizzy, or be uncomfortable in other ways. Every day you have many opportunities to use your eyes wisely and well. 15 What is the proper title for the passage? （ A） The Functions of Eye. （ B） The History of Eye Civilization. （ C） Reading Hygiene.
34、 （ D） Writing and Reading. 16 What does “bulky“(Line 2, Para. 2)refer to? （ A） Clumsy. （ B） Expensive. （ C） Available. （ D） Stiff. 17 Which of the following statements is FALSE according to the passage? （ A） Printing was first invented by Chinese. （ B） Shortly after Columbus sailed for America, Engl
35、ish printed its first book. （ C） Before writing was developed, nothing was carved on stone. （ D） Thousands of years ago, songs were chanted for recording. 18 Peoples eyes are easily get tired on many occasions EXCEPT _. （ A） when eyes makes many and rapid movements （ B） long time reading （ C） doing
36、close work （ D） looking in the distance 19 People began to learn reading hygiene _. （ A） to develop a right reading method （ B） when books become more common （ C） to save more time （ D） to make eyes more civilized 20 When people do close work, _. （ A） they look far away （ B） their eyes get relaxed （
37、 C） their body muscles contract （ D） they get eyestrain easily 21 Which of the following is NOT a symptom of eye abuse? （ A） Red eyelids. （ B） Headache. （ C） Stomachache. （ D） Dizziness. 21 For much of the past decade, American and British scientists have been annoyed by the phenomenon known as the
38、French Paradox. Nutritionally speaking, the French have been getting away with murder: they eat all the butter, cream, foie gras, pastry and cheese that their hearts desire, and yet their rates of obesity and heart disease are much lower than ours. The French eat three times as much saturated animal
39、 fat as Americans do, and only a third as many die of heart attacks. Its maddening. Baffled, scientists struggled to come up with a few hypotheses: maybe it was something in the red wine, they said. But while winemakers worldwide celebrated that news, more sober research has suggested that any alcoh
40、ol whether Lafite Rothschild, a banana daiquiri or a cold Bud pretty much has the same nice, relaxing effect. So while a little wine is apt to do you good, the French arent so special in having a drink now and then(though the fact that they drink wine moderately and slowly with meals, instead of dow
41、ning shots at the bar, could make a difference). After the wine argument, scientists ventured that it must be the olive oil that keeps the French healthy. But this doesnt explain the butter or brie. Then, voila, French scientist Serge Renaud(made famous on “60 Minutes“ as an expert on the French Par
42、adox)said its the foie gras that melts away cholesterol. This, too, is dicey: while people in Toulouse the fattened force-fed duck-liver-eating area of France-do indeed have one of the lowest rates of heart disease in the developed world, they actually only eat the delicacy about six times a year. A
43、nd theyre a lot more likely to die of stroke than we are anyway. Other researchers, perhaps sponsored by the garlic and onion industry, suggested that the French Paradox effect is due to garlic and onions. Claude Fischler, a nutritional sociologist at INSERM, the French equivalent of Americas Nation
44、al Institutes of Health, says all these single hypotheses are more wishful thinking than science. Last May, researchers writing in the British Medical Journal came up with the least cheerful hypothesis of all. They argued that its just a matter of time before the French who are in fact eating more h
45、amburgers and French fries these days catch up with Americans, and begin suffering the same high rates of cardiovascular disease. These researchers, Malcolm Law and Nicholas Wald, call this the “ time lag explanation“ for the French Paradox. As far as they are concerned, the McDonaldization(this is
46、a French catch all term for the importation of fast food and other American cultural horrors)of France will continue at a frantic pace, and it is as inevitable that Frenchmen will start keeling over of heart attacks as it is that Frenchwomen will eventually wear jean shorts and marshmallow tennis sh
47、oes on the streets of Paris. 22 What is French Paradox according to the text? （ A） The French eat more nutritious food than Americans. （ B） Few French die of heart attacks each year. （ C） The French are much less likely to suffer heart disease than Americans although they eat lots of fatty food. （ D
48、） The French are as likely to die of heart attacks as Americans although they eat less fatty food. 23 According to the passage, which of the following statement is FALSE? （ A） The French drink more wine than people elsewhere. （ B） The French wine has similar relaxing effect to any other wine. （ C） R
49、esearch shows that a little wine will benefit people. （ D） The French drink wine in a different manner from people from other countries. 24 The word “dicey“ in Paragraph 3 probably means_. （ A） uncertain （ B） strange （ C） satisfactory （ D） interesting 25 In authors opinion, the French Paradox has something to do with _. （ A） red wine （ B） olive oil （ C） garlic and onion （ D） none of the above 26 Which is FALSE about “Serge Renaud“? （ A） He is an expert on French Paradox. （ B） H
