1、BFT（阅读）模拟试卷 16及答案与解析 一、 Part 1 0 Read the following passages, eight sentences have been removed from the article. For each gap(1-8)mark one letter(AH)on the Answer Sheet. Do not mark any letter twice. Theres a story in Texas about the rancher who complained when a well driller found oil instead of t
2、he water he had been sent to look for. “Cattle cant drink that stuff!“ the rancher cried. That story is no longer funny. We are short of both oil and water, but the water shortage is worse.【 R1】 _And we are using water a great deal faster than it is being replaced. The replacement rate is dependent
3、on rainfall(sometimes in the form of snow)to resupply rivers, lakes, and ground water.【 R2】 _Worse, droughts are occurring more frequently and are increasing in severity, not only in the United States but also abroad. Even without droughts, rainfall is insufficient to maintain a balance.【 R3】 _So mu
4、ch water has been taken from the Colorado River by Arizona and California that Mexico has complained that those states have exceeded the U.S. share under a 1944 treaty on water-sharing. Southern Californians also have elaborated arrangements to transport water from the Pacific North west, which has
5、it in abundance, to their area, which doesnt have nearly enough to support its population. 【 R4】 _ Short of a fanciful solution, the U.S. has two broad options, neither pleasant. We can conserve or we can produce. The former is inconvenient or worse: less irrigation(and thus less food), fewer swimmi
6、ng pools golf courses, and green lawns.【 R5】 _In the quantities necessary, this would probably require nuclear power. It is technically feasible, but expensive, and was considered 30 years ago as a joint U.S.-Mexican project in the Gulf of California to alleviate the Colorado river problem. As more
7、of it is done, the cost could be expected to come down; and as we became more desperate for water, we would be more willing to pay the cost even if it didnt come down.【 R6】 _This is an arrangement whereby large landowners would sell the groundwater under their land, for whatever the market would bea
8、r, to cities that might be hundreds of miles distant. This would involve the considerable cost of pipeline construction and would mean faster depletion of groundwater reserves. 【 R7】 _ Its a good bet that during the 21st century some new arrangements are going to have to be made about the nations an
9、d the worlds water supplies. These are likely to be neither cheap nor easy. They are more likely to be cheaper and easier if we have thought about them in advance.【 R8】 _We have been sued to choices of guns or butter. This one might be water or meat. A. A century ago, a drought affected only farmers
10、 and perhaps inland navigation; now it affects everybody. B. The Northwest is showing signs of getting tired of this drain. C. It is not too soon to begin. D. We cannot live without oil in the style to which we have become accustomed, but we cannot live at all without water. E. Rivers are running dr
11、y, especially in the West. F. It would also mean less food production. G. A solution currently being advanced in west Texas is a concept called “Water Ranching“. H. The latter is expensive: desalinization of seawater. 1 【 R1】 2 【 R2】 3 【 R3】 4 【 R4】 5 【 R5】 6 【 R6】 7 【 R7】 8 【 R8】 二、 Part 2 8 Read t
12、he following passage and answer questions 9-18. 1. From Dr. R.S. Scorer of Britains Imperial College of the Science comes the latest theory about the lighting flashes. Dr. Scorer believes the cause is hail failing through super cooled clouds. Ice particles bouncing off the falling hail acquire a pos
13、itive charge and rise to the top of the cloud while the hail carries a negative charge to the bottom of the cloud. 2. According to Dr. Scorer, Benjamin Franklin first proved thunderclouds are charged with electricity. Later investigations showed that the tops of the clouds have a great positive char
14、ge and the bottoms have great negative charge. 3. When the charges became great enough to break the insulating properties of the air, lighting flashes carry the electricity within the cloud, or from cloud to cloud, or from cloud to earth. But the question remained: How do the charges develop within
15、the cloud. 4. To seek the cause, Dr. Scorer and his colleagues at the college first duplicated thundercloud current in a liquid tank. They found the mixture takes place only in the tops of the clouds. 5. Next a study of thunderclouds over the North Atlantic showed that the lighting occurs only when
16、the temperature around cloud is below freezing. Particles at the top of the clouds begin to freeze but those in the remainder of the cloud stay unfrozen although below freezing temperature. In the laboratory, S.E. Reynolds whirled a refrigerated rod through ice particles and found that the particles
17、 bounced off the rod acquired a positive charge. This was a missing link. Without hail and super cooled clouds, he concluded, there could be no lighting. Questions 9-13 For questions 9-13, choose the best title for each paragraph from below. For each numbered paragraph(15), mark one letter(AG)on the
18、 Answer Sheet. Do not mark any letter twice. A. How the lightning flashes come about. B. To measure moisture, scientist did the experiment. C. Two discoveries based on Dr. Scorers theory. D. Significance of Benjamin Franklins discovery. E. Experiments were done to find the cause of lightning. F. Dr.
19、 Scorer found the cause of lightning flashes. G. The continuing study of lightning flashes. 9 Paragraph 1:_ 10 Paragraph 2:_ 11 Paragraph 3:_ 12 Paragraph 4:_ 13 Paragraph 5:_ 13 Using the information in the text, complete each sentence 14-18, with a word or phrase from the list below. For each sent
20、ence(14-18), mark one letter(AG)on the Answer Sheet. Do not mark any letter twice. A. copy B. a positive charge C. a negative charge D. super cooled clouds E. falling hail clouds F. hail and super cooled clouds G. moisture particles 14 According to Dr. Score , lightning is caused by hail falling thr
21、ough _. 15 The refrigerated rod served the same functions as _. 16 Ice particles bouncing off hail falling through a cloud acquire _. 17 In the paragraph four the word “duplicated“ means _. 18 According to S.E. Regnolds, there could be no lightning without _. 三、 Part 3 18 Read the following article
22、from a book and answer questions 19-25. For questions 19-25, choose the correct answer A, B, C or D. Home Is Where the Tongue Is For all the pressures and rewards of regionalization and globalization, local identities remain the most ingrained. Even if the end result of globalization is to make the
23、world smaller, its scope seems to foster the need for more intimate local connections among many individuals. As Bernard Poignant, mayor of the town of Quimper in Brittany, told the Washington Post, “Man is a fragile animal and he needs his close attachments. The more open the world becomes, the mor
24、e ties there will be to ones roots and ones land.“ In most communities, local languages such as Poignants Breton serve a strong symbolic function as a clear mark of “authenticity“. The sum total of a communitys shared historical experience, authenticity reflects a perceived line from a culturally id
25、ealized past to the present, carried by the language and traditions associated with the communitys origins. A concern for authenticity leads most secular Israelis to champion Hebrew among themselves while also acquiring English and even Arabic. The same obsession with authenticity drives Hasidic Jew
26、s in Israel or the Diaspora to champion Yiddish while also learning Hebrew and English. In each case, authenticity amounts to a central core of cultural beliefs and interpretations that are not only resistant to globalization but also are actually reinforced by the “threat“ that globalization seems
27、to present to these historical values. Scholars may argue that cultural identities change over time in response to specific reward systems. But locals often resist such explanation and defend authenticity and local mother tongues against the perceived threat of globalization with near religious ardo
28、r. As a result, never before in history have there been as many standardized languages as there are today: roughly 1,200. Many smaller languages, even those with far fewer than one million speakers, have benefited from state-sponsored or voluntary preservation movements. On the most informal level,
29、communities in Alaska and the American northwest have formed Internet discussion groups in an attempt to pass on Native American languages to younger generations. In the Basque, Catalan, and Galician regions of Spain, such movements arc fiercely political and frequently involve staunch resistance to
30、 the Spanish government over political and linguistic rights. Projects have ranged from a campaign to print Spanish money in the four official languages of the state to the creation of language immersion nursery and primary schools. Zapatistas in Mexico are championing the revival of Mayan languages
31、 in an equally political campaign for local autonomy. In addition to invoking the subjective importance of local roots, proponents of local languages defend their continued use on pragmatic grounds. Local tongues foster higher levels of school success, higher degrees of participation in local govern
32、ment, more informed citizenship, and better knowledge of ones own culture, history, and faith. Government and relief agencies can also use local languages to spread information about industrial and agricultural techniques as well as modern health care to diverse audiences. Development workers in Wes
33、t Africa, for example, have found that the best way to teach the vast number of farmers with little or no formal education how to sow and rotate crops for higher yields is in these local tongues. Nevertheless, both regionalization and globalization require that more and more speakers and readers of
34、local languages be multi-literate. 19 In Paragraph 1, the author quoted a mayors word to show that globalization _. （ A） strengthens local identities （ B） weakens regionalization （ C） strengthens individualism （ D） weakens local attachments 20 The word “authenticity“ in Paragraph 2 refers to _. （ A）
35、 a strong symbolic cultural function （ B） a communitys shared historical experience （ C） a general association of language and traditions （ D） a line of development from past to the present 21 The influence of globalization on authenticity is that it _. （ A） weakens the authority of authenticity （ B
36、） hinders the development of authenticity （ C） enhances the importance of authenticity （ D） promotes the maturity of authenticity 22 Locals resistance to the threat of globalization may result in _. （ A） the revival of some dying languages （ B） the increase of formal Internet communities （ C） moveme
37、nts and projects to protect local rights （ D） campaigns and champions of various groups 23 America differs from Spain and Mexico in that_. （ A） its volunteers have enough sponsorship from the state （ B） its locals are not interested in finding native Americans （ C） its youths are eager to pass on th
38、e local traditions （ D） its movements are not political 24 Which of the following statements is NOT true? （ A） Pragmatically, local languages are less used than English. （ B） Local languages are more important in daily life. （ C） The smaller the world is, the more united the locals are. （ D） The rel
39、ation between localization and globalization is double-win. 25 Local language users need to _. （ A） go abroad to master another language （ B） champion those dying languages （ C） learn a language besides their local languages （ D） strengthen local languages to defeat English 四、 Part 4 25 Read the fol
40、lowing article and choose the best word for each space. For questions 26-45, mark one letter A, B, C or D on your Answer Sheet. Long-Term Care Crisis The apparent demise of the Class Act leaves many middle-income Americans【 C1】_to cope with rising expenses【 C2】 _long-term care for family members, Th
41、e Times reported on Tuesday. Unlike the rich, who can afford to pay for services themselves, or the poor, who get help【 C3】 _Medicaid, the federal and state program for low-income people, many members of the middle class have to look【 C4】 _disabled relatives themselves, or pay someone to do it. Poll
42、s show that many people believe that Medicare, the federal health program for those 65【 C5】 _older, pays for such care.【 C6】 _, Medicare stops paying nursing【 C7】 _bills after 100 days. More than 10 million people in the United States already have long-term care【 C8】_, and two-thirds of the costs ar
43、e paid for by government programs,【 C9】_Medicaid. Studies estimate that unpaid family members deliver an even【 C10】_share of the care, and the cost of nursing home care averages $72,000,a year. The Class Acts ambitions were undercut by an impractical structure that doomed it from the【 C11】 _experts
44、and government actuaries say. Its【 C12】 _harks back to an attempt by President Ronald Reagan and a Democratic Congress to protect the elderly from catastrophic medical expenses and provide a modest prescription drug benefit and somewhat【 C13】 _nursing home care. That law, the Medicare Catastrophic C
45、overage Act of 1988, was repealed within months of enactment after a furious response by elderly voters angry that they had to【 C14】 _for the benefits themselves through a tax mostly paid【 C15】 _the wealthy. In a famous【 C16】 _, Representative Dan Rostenkowski, an Illinois Democrat who was chairman
46、of the powerful House Ways and Means Committee, was booed and chased【 C17】 _a Chicago street by a group of elderly people, one of【 C18】 _draped herself over the hood of his car. The repeal legislation created a commission to examine the issue of long-term care, but it【 C19】 _the appetite of many in
47、Congress to resolve the issue. The Clinton health plan made another attempt at improving long-term care, but the bill failed. And now the demise of the Class Act is【 C20】 _history. 26 【 C1】 （ A） struggle （ B） struggles （ C） struggled （ D） struggling 27 【 C2】 （ A） for （ B） at （ C） with （ D） over 28 【
48、 C3】 （ A） among （ B） between （ C） through （ D） within 29 【 C4】 （ A） after （ B） behind （ C） upon （ D） before 30 【 C5】 （ A） and （ B） except （ C） but （ D） till 31 【 C6】 （ A） Firstly （ B） Eventually （ C） Actually （ D） Essentially 32 【 C7】 （ A） expert （ B） care （ C） program （ D） home 33 【 C8】 （ A） plans
49、（ B） needs （ C） applications （ D） funds 34 【 C9】 （ A） namely （ B） entirely （ C） mostly （ D） partially 35 【 C10】 （ A） smaller （ B） smallest （ C） larger （ D） largest 36 【 C11】 （ A） start （ B） end （ C） root （ D） center 37 【 C12】 （ A） success （ B） failure （ C） progress （ D） loss 38 【 C13】 （ A） improved （ B） approved （ C） deprived （ D） appraised
