1、GRE（ VERBAL）模拟试卷 23及答案与解析 SECTION 1 Directions: Each sentence below has one or two blanks, each blank indicating that something has been omitted. Beneath the sentence are five lettered or sets of words. Choose the word or set of words for each blank that best fits the meaning of the sentence as a wh
2、ole. 1 This advance in depilatory technology will surely_the mood of the undesirably hirsute woman, long frustrated with primitive and painful hair-removal techniques. （ A） fascinate （ B） benefit （ C） ameliorate （ D） aggravate （ E） medicate 2 After two minutes in the steam chamber, sweat began to fl
3、ow in_from every his pore, dripping steadily from his fingertips. （ A） rivulets （ B） corpuscles （ C） tumbrels （ D） tendrils （ E） modicums 3 Almost without interference, he has been able to continue threatening, challenging and harassing his competitors, and thus, wholly_, he has spouted more_of acer
4、bic spirit. （ A） enraptured fantasies （ B） unhindered diatribes （ C） insipid cliches （ D） altered odes （ E） unaided maledictions 4 After five years as club president and thirty years as an orator, this colossal oaf, his style marked by_and boastfulness, is still unable to discipline his urge to_. （
5、A） consonance perorate （ B） rue prattle （ C） casuistry reproach （ D） adamancy expostulate （ E） pomposity self -aggrandize 5 Psychologists maintain that the nature of human beings entails a strong need to _their free time; idleness can be as stressful as activity. （ A） consume （ B） endanger （ C） orga
6、nize （ D） preserve （ E） mandate 6 There are moments in life when true_is called for, when it becomes an absolute necessity, out of a deep sense of justice, to_in the strongest possible language. （ A） honor soliloquize （ B） largesse pontific ate （ C） eloquence adjudicate （ D） dignity expatiate （ E） i
7、nvective vituperate 7 It has been observed that ones interest in the world is never so approbated as when one is_other peoples scandal and tragedy, from which we may infer that many peoples purported concern is_sincerity. （ A） removed from immune from （ B） peripheral to confused with （ C） entertaine
8、d by devoid of （ D） protected from imbued of （ E） compared with invented for SECTION 2 Directions: In each of the following questions, a related pair of words or phrases is followed by five lettered pairs of words or phrases. Select the lettered pair that best expresses a relationship similar to tha
9、t expressed in the original pair. 8 WEALTH : PENURIOUS : （ A） liqueur : blameless （ B） passion : blithe （ C） polish : inauthentic （ D） tact : offensive （ E） pomp : barbaric 9 FAUNA : ANIMALS: （ A） flora : plants （ B） vegetation : aboriginals （ C） fowl: amphibians （ D） livestock: oxen （ E） department
10、 : professors 10 ARTICULATE : SPEECH : （ A） classified : detail （ B） attractive : satisfaction （ C） elegant : deportment （ D） amenable : mind （ E） servile : admiration 11 RENEGADE : FEALTY : （ A） infidel: excommunication （ B） apostate : euphoria （ C） traitor: treason （ D） bigot : tolerance （ E） misa
11、nthrope : self-esteem 12 REDUNDANT: SUPERFLUITY : （ A） transient : evanescence （ B） malevolent : imperfection （ C） prevalent : universality （ D） proportionate : elegance （ E） abnormal: conspicuousness 13 TOADY : OBSEQUIOUS: （ A） brigand : arrogant （ B） malefactor : poised （ C） miser : stingy （ D） st
12、ickler : careful （ E） aristocrat : eloquent 14 CONIFER : NEEDLE : （ A） potato : tuber （ B） cactus : spine （ C） melon: gourd （ D） bud : stalk （ E） grove : timber 15 ACT : IMPROVISE : （ A） fashion : adorn （ B） outline : sketch （ C） speak : extemporize （ D） demonstrate : display （ E） index: conclude 16
13、 CARESS : AFFECTION : （ A） flush : decency （ B） salute : respect （ C） collapse : ennui （ D） obstruct : quandary （ E） apprehend : dread SECTION 3 Directions: Each passage in this group is followed by questions based on its content. After reading a passage, choose the best answer to each question. Ans
14、wer all questions following a passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. 16 Scientists have long sought the reasons for the relatively young age of the majority of Martian meteorites discovered on Earth in comparison with the age of Mars, an enigma exarcebated by the fact that
15、 the Martian rocks were ejected Line by only six or seven separate impact events. Previous tests had predicted that (5) driving meteorites to Earth would require a collision with an asteroid immense enough to make a crater 12-kilometers across, but because such huge impacts are extremely infrequent,
16、 it was unlikely that enough of them could have occurred to explain our planets Martian meteorite collection. Now astronomer James Heads higher-resolution models demonstrate that (10) collisions making craters only three kilometers across can jettison 10 million fragments, each about 10 centimeters
17、across, into space, a distribution sufficient to cause some of them to be found on Earth. Sections of the planet covered by debris (thus likely to be made up of older terrain) would require larger and hence rarer impacts, and thus meteorites which reach Earth are (15) predictably biased toward young
18、er ages. 17 The passage is primarily concerned with （ A） presenting an argument to support a particular hypothesis （ B） suggesting an answer to a theoretical question （ C） questioning the assumptions of a research project （ D） criticizing experimental results （ E） explaining the origin of certain sc
19、ientific data 18 According to the passage, astronomers studying Martian meteors discovered on Earth were perplexed by them for which of the following reasons? （ A） The meteors found on Earth were too young to have originated from the impacts in question. （ B） The meteors found on Earth were too old
20、to be easily dated. （ C） Not enough impact events have been recorded in recent history to explain how any young meteors would have reached the Earth. （ D） Impacts on Mars have been so small that scientists question how any meteors have reached the earth. （ E） The age distribution of meteors found on
21、 Earth was inexplicably based toward youth. 19 The passage suggests that which of the following is true concerning the probability that a given collision on Mars would eject fragments that will hit the Earth? （ A） The probability is higher if the impact produces a crater larger than three kilometers
22、. （ B） The probability is lower if the impact produces a crater smaller than three kilometers. （ C） The probability is decreased when the impact comes from an area of Mars covered by debris. （ D） The probability is decreased when the fragments produced by the impact are larger than 10 centimeters. （
23、 E） The probability is decreased when the fragments produced by the impact are younger. 20 Which of the following, if true, would cast most doubt on the conclusions drawn from Heads higher-resolution models? （ A） The results of geographical survey prove that no crater larger than twelve kilometers e
24、xists on the surface of Mars. （ B） Fragments from smaller impact events on Mars are highly unlikely to survive entry through the Earths atmosphere. （ C） The velocity of rocks escaping from Mats gravity is greater when they have been loosened by a large impact. （ D） Huge impacts on Mars are proven to
25、 be less rare than was previously thought. （ E） A double-succession of large impacts is found to have occurred on Mars in a relatively short period of time. 20 Scientists researching hypnosis have uncovered evidence that counters some of the skepticism about the technique. One skeptical hypothesis i
26、s that hypnosis may be the product of “vivid imagination“, a now discredited charge Line stemming from the observation that many people who are hypnotizable can be (5) led to experience compellingly realistic auditory and visual hallucinations. Noting that an auditory hallucination and the act of im
27、agining a sound are both self-generated and that, like real hearing, a hallucination is experienced as the product of an external source, Henry Szechtman used PET (positron emission tomography) to image the brain activity of hypnotized subjects invited to (10) imagine a scenario and then experiencin
28、g a hallucination. By monitoring regional blood flow in areas activated during both hearing and auditory hallucination but not during simple imagining, the investigators sought to determine where in the brain a hallucinated sound is mistakenly “tagged“ as authentic and originating in the outside wor
29、ld. (15) Szechtman imaged the brain activity of eight very hypnotizable subjects who had been prescreened for their ability to hallucinate under hypnosis. During the session, the subjects were under hypnosis and lay in the PET scanner with their eyes covered, their brain activity being monitored und
30、er four conditions: at rest; while hearing an audiotape of a voice, while imagining hearing the voice (20) again; and during the auditory hallucination they experienced after being informed that the tape was playing once more, although it was not. The tests suggested that a region of the brain calle
31、d the right anterior cingulate cortex was just as active while the volunteers were hallucinating as it was while they were actually hearing the stimulus. In contrast, that brain area remained (25) dormant while the subjects were imagining that they heard the stimulus. The second major objection rais
32、ed by critics argues that hypnosis ability to blunt pain results from either simple relaxation or a placebo response. McGlashan established that while hypnosis was only as effective in reducing pain as a sugar pill for poorly hypnotizable people, highly hypnotizable subjects (30) benefited three tim
33、es more from hypnosis than from the placebo. In response to these successes, Rainville devised experiments to determine which brain structures are involved in pain relief during hypnosis, attempting to locate the brain structures associated with the suffering component of pain, as distinct from its
34、sensory aspects. Using PET, he and other scientists found that (35) hypnosis reduced the activity of the anterior cingulate cortex-an area known to be involved in pain-but did not affect the activity of the somatosensory cortex, where the sensations of pain are processed. Despite the value of these
35、findings, the mechanisms underlying hypnotic pain relief are still poorly understood. The model favored by most researchers is (40) that the analgesic effect of hypnosis occurs in higher brain centers than those involved in registering the painful sensation, accounting for the fact that most autonom
36、ic responses that routinely accompany pain-such as increased heart rate-are relatively unaffected by hypnotic suggestions of analgesia. 21 According to the passage, which of the following is one of the primary factors that led researchers studying hypnosis to compare auditory hallucinations and imag
37、ined sounds? （ A） The high level of realism involved in auditory hallucinations but not in the experience of external sounds （ B） The fact that both auditory hallucinations and simple imagining are generated by the research subject （ C） The observed similarities between visual and auditory hallucina
38、tions in hypnotized subjects （ D） The blood flow in areas activated by simple imagining but not by auditory hallucination （ E） The tendency of the hallucinating brain to behave much like the brain at rest and unexposed to auditory stimulus 22 It can be inferred that researchers abandoned the skeptic
39、al “vivid imagination“ hypothesis because （ A） a new and more attractive hypothesis was suggested （ B） no research was reported that supported the hypothesis （ C） research results provided evidence to counter the hypothesis （ D） the hypothesis was supported only by Szechtmans study, and not McGlasha
40、ns （ E） the level of technical expertise in the field of hypnosis research did not permit adequate testing of the hypothesis 23 Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the passage? （ A） Research has suggested that positron emission tomography will soon answer most skeptical objections
41、 the existence of the phenomenon of hypnosis. （ B） Researchers have spent an adequate amount of time allaying skepticism concerning the effects of hypnosis, though more needs to be understood. （ C） Research results strongly suggest that hypnosis techniques, especially those that create pain relief,
42、may have a medicinal value in the future. （ D） Researchers have recently made valuable discoveries concerning the potential of hypnosis in creating auditory hallucinations. （ E） Researchers have failed to present incontrovertible evidence that skeptical explanations of the hypnosis phenomenon are un
43、warranted. 24 The research described in the passage is primarily concerned with answering which of the following questions? （ A） How can researchers reproduce the useful effects of hypnosis in a medical setting? （ B） How are experiments devoted to disproving the “vivid imagination“ objection to hypn
44、osis different from those devoted to disproving the “placebo effect“ thesis? （ C） What research guarantees the reality of the effects that hypnosis has on brain activity, and what is their causal mechanism? （ D） What technical advances have permitted researchers to reject skeptical explanations of t
45、he phenomenon of hypnosis? （ E） What relationship does brain activity have to the subjective experience of the hypnosis phenomenon? 25 Which of the following best defines “higher brain centers“ (line 40) as the term is used in the passage? （ A） The parts of the brain known as the somatosensory corte
46、x, where the sensations of pain are processed （ B） The parts of the brain whose function is to distinguish the sensory aspects of pain from it suffering aspect （ C） The parts of the brain associated with pain, which appear to be insusceptible to placebo effects （ D） The parts of the brain that are l
47、ess active in poorly hypnotizable subjects than in easily hypnotizable subjects （ E） The part of the brain known as the anterior cingulate cortex, whose activity is suppressed by hypnosis 26 Which of the following best describes the organization of the argument that the author of the passage present
48、s in the last two paragraphs? （ A） Two approaches to testing a hypothesis is described, and the greater merits of each approach are compared. （ B） The assumptions underlying a hypothesis are outlined, and evidence for and against the hypothesis is discussed. （ C） A phenomenon is described, and hypot
49、hesis concerning its occurrence are considered and rejected. （ D） The reasoning behind a hypothesis is summarized, evidence supporting the hypothesis is presented, and research that counters the supporting evidence is described. （ E） A hypothesis is discussed, evidence supporting the hypothesis is revealed and qualified, and a working model derived from the hypothesis is suggested. 27 The authors attitude toward some researchers thesis that hypnotic p
