1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 264及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Television Since its invention in【 1】 _, 【 1】 _ television has played an increasingly important role in o
3、ur life. It affects peoples life in a good way as well as in a bad way. On the good side. Firstly, television has transformed the way【 2】 _is 【 2】 _ transmitted. It can show news in pictures. So in a way, it brings【 3】 _ to the public. 【 3】 _ Secondly, television has transformed【 4】 _. 【 4】 _ It hel
4、ps people to be better【 5】 _ 【 5】 _ on political issues and thus enhance democracy. On the bad side. First of all, television increases the【 6】 _ between people. 【 6】 _ People have little chance to【 7】 _ with 【 7】 _ each other due to the distraction of television. Some social problems and peoples me
5、ntal problems are partly caused by this. Secondly, television is widely thought to be very harmful to young people. Young people tend to believe and【 8】 _ whatever they 【 8】 _ see on TV. As a result of this, the young generation is more【 9】 _ than the old 【 9】 _ generations. Television also makes yo
6、ung people become less【 10】 _. They have 【 10】 _ no interest in reading and their writing ability is very poor. 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer
7、 the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 How did the researcher get most of their data? （ A） By asking students to do questionnaires
8、. （ B） Through giving each students a programmable paper for a week. （ C） Through interviews. （ D） Through recording students activities. 12 Those students who say that what they do is more like work seem to do well in _. （ A） preparation for the future （ B） making money （ C） transition to work （ D）
9、 high school 13 Students rate _ the worst curriculum subject for engagement. （ A） physical education （ B） computer （ C） history （ D） philosophy 14 What do the interviewee think as the first and most obvious requirement for teachers to achieve more engagement for students? （ A） To show the relevance
10、of students doings to their life as much as possible. （ B） To make clear the goal of every lesson. （ C） To find out how well students are learning. （ D） To organize more group activities. 15 Challenge in the family gives children _. （ A） modeling （ B） new opportunities （ C） freedom from worry （ D） v
11、ision and direction SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 The monument was dedicated to _in the Second
12、 World War. （ A） 4,000 American heroes killed （ B） all American soldiers killed （ C） all Americans who took part （ D） all the soldiers who fought in the Pacific or the Atlantic theatre 17 Which of the following statements about the monument is NOT TRUE? （ A） The monument is situated in Washington D.
13、C. （ B） One of the arches represents the Atlantic theater of the war. （ C） Each of the gold stars sands for an American soldier killed in the war. （ D） The inscription says these people sacrificed their lives for freedom. 18 Who served in the Second World War? （ A） Bill Clinton and Bob Dole. （ B） Bo
14、b Dole and George Herbert Walker Bush. （ C） George Herbert Walker Bush. （ D） George Herbert Walker Bush and Bill Clinton. 19 Which of the following CANNOT be inferred from the news? （ A） Many Palestinian houses were destroyed. （ B） Dozens of people were killed. （ C） The raid lasted for almost a week
15、. （ D） The mission of this operation has not been achieved. 20 What might be the target of the Israeli raid? （ A） Illegal weapons dealers. （ B） Two underground passages. （ C） Egyptian smugglers. （ D） Islamic militants. 20 It looks as if it came straight from the set of Star Wars. It has four-wheel d
16、rive and rises above rocky surfaces. It lowers and raises its nose when going up and down hills. And when it comes to a river, it turns amphibious; two hydro jets power it along by blasting water under its body. There is room for two passengers and a driver, who sit inside a glass bubble operating e
17、lectronic, aircraft-type controls. A vehicle so daring on land and water needs windscreen wipers - but it doesnt have any. Water molecules are disintegrated on the screens surface by ultrasonic sensors. This unusual vehicle is the Racoon. It is an invention not of Hollywood but of Renault, a rather
18、conservative French state-owned Carmaker, better known for its family hatchbacks. Renault built the Racoon to explore new freedoms for designers and engineers created by advances in materials and manufacturing processes. Renault is thinking about startlingly different cars; other producers have radi
19、cal new ideas for trains, boats and aeroplanes. The first of the new freedoms is in design. Powerful computer-aided design (CAD) systems can replace with a click of a computer mouse hours of laborious work done on thousands of drawing boards. So new products, no matter how complicated, can be develo
20、ped much faster. For the first time, Boeing will not have to build a giant replica of its new airliner, the 777, to make sure all the bits fit together. Its CAD system will take care of that. But Renault is taking CAD further. It claims the Racoon is the worlds first vehicle to be designed within th
21、e digitised world of virtual reality. Complex programs were used to simulate the vehicle and the terrain that it was expected to cross. This allowed a team led by Patrick Le Quement, Renaults industrial-design director, to “drive“ it long before a prototype existed. Renault is not alone in thinking
22、that virtual reality will transform automotive design. In Detroit, Ford is also investigating its potential. Jack Telnac, the firms head of design, would like designers in different parts of the world to work more closely together, linked by computers. They would do more than style cars. Virtual rea
23、lity will allow engineers to peer inside the working parts of a vehicle. Designers will watch bearings move. oil flow, gears mesh and hydraulics pump. As these techniques catch on, even stranger vehicles are likely to come along. Transforming these creations from virtual reality to actual reality wi
24、ll also become easier, especially with advances in materials. Firms that once bashed everything out of steel now find that new alloys or composite materials (which can be made from mixtures of plastic, resin, ceramics and metals, reinforced with fibers such as glass or carbon) are changing the rules
25、 of manufacturing. At the same time, old materials keep getting better, as their producers try to secure their place in the factory of the future. This competition is increasing the pace of development of all materials. One company in this field scaled composites. It was started in 1982 by Burt Ruta
26、n, an aviator who has devised many unusual aircraft. His company develops and tests prototypes that have ranged from business aircraft to air racers. It has also worked on composite sails for the Americas Cup yacht race and on General Motors Ultralite, a 100-miles-per-gallon experimental family car
27、built from carbon fiber. Again, the Racoon reflects this race between the old and the new. It uses conventional steel and what Renault describes as a new “high-limit elastic steel“ in its chassis. This steel is 30% lighter than the usual kind. The Racoon also has parts made from composites. Renault
28、plans to replace the petrol engine with a small gas turbine, which could be made from heat-resisting ceramics, and use it to run a generator that would provide power for electric motors at each wheel. With composites it is possible to build many different parts into a single component. Fiat, Italys
29、biggest car maker has worked out that it could reduce the number of components needed in one of its car bodies from 150 to 16 by using a composite shell rather than one made of steel. Aircraft and cars may increasingly be assembled as if they were plastic kits. Advances in engine technology also mak
30、e cars lighter. The Ultralite, which Sealed composites helped to design for General Motors, uses a two- stroke engine in a “power pod“ at the rear of the vehicle. The engine has been developed from an East German design and weighs 40% less than a conventional engine but produces as much power. IT is
31、 expected to run cleanly enough to qualify as an ultra-low emissions vehicle under Californias tough new rules. 21 How does that Racoon cross water? （ A） It swims. （ B） It raises its nose. （ C） It uses hydrojets. （ D） It uses its four-wheel drived. 22 What is Renault most famous for? （ A） Startlingl
32、y different cars. （ B） Family ears. （ C） Advances in design. （ D） Boat and train design. 23 Why will Boeing not need a replica of the 777? （ A） It can use computers to check the design. （ B） It already has enough experience with plans. （ C） It will only need to upgrade the replica of the previous mo
33、del. （ D） It can make sure all the bits fit together. 24 How did Renault test drive the Racoon? （ A） Over rocky terrain. （ B） In actual reality. （ C） Over French country roads. （ D） In virtual reality. 24 Tomorrow evening about 20 million Americans will be shown, on their television screens, how eas
34、y it is to steal plutonium (钚 ) and produce “the most terrifying blackmail weapon ever devised“ - a homemade atomic bomb. They will be told that no commercial nuclear plant in the United States - and probably in the world - is adequately protected against a well planned armed attack by terrorists, a
35、nd that there is enough information on public record to guide a nuclear thief not only to the underground rooms of nuclear plants where plutonium is stored, but also to tell him how the doors of those underground rooms are designed. The hour-long television programme, “The Plutonium Connection“, mak
36、es its point by showing how a 20-year-old student of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in five weeks designed an atomic bomb composed of plutonium and parts from a hardware store. The young man, whose identity is being kept secret for fear he may be kidnapped by terrorists, is quoted as sayi
37、ng: “I was pretty surprised about how easy it is to design a bomb. When I was working on my design, I kept thinking theres got to be more to it than this, but actually there isnt. Its simple.“ The student worked alone, using information he obtained from science libraries open to the public. The tele
38、vision programme, produced for non-commercial stations across the country by a Boston educational station, shows how quantities of other “secret“ information are available to anyone. The Atomic Energy Commissions public reading room in Washington is described by the narrator as “the first place a bo
39、mb-designer would visit when he was planning his plutonium theft. On file there and freely available are the plans of every civilian nuclear installation in the country.“ The programme seems certain to create enormous controversy - not only over the lack of nuclear safeguards, But also over the mora
40、lity of appointing the student to design a bomb and the wisdom of drawing attention to the ways that a nuclear thief can work. Even an official of Public Broadcasting System, which is distributing the TV programme, confessed to uneasiness: “Its a terribly important subject, and people should know ab
41、out the dangers, but I cant help wondering if the programme wont give someone ideas.“ “The Plutonium Connection“ explains, for example, that the security systems of nuclear plants were all designed to prevent sabotage by perhaps one or agents of some foreign power. But now this appears less of a haz
42、ard than the possibility of an attack by an armed band of terrorists with dedicated disregard for their own lives. The programme discusses two major plutonium reprocessing plants in the US - one already operating in Oklahoma, one being completed in South Carolina - neither of which has more than a h
43、andful of armed guards to supplement the alarms, fences and gun-detectors that Government security requires. Both are in such remote areas that it would take at least 45 minutes for a sizeable force to be assembled, if there were an attack. An official of the South Carolina plant - a joint operation
44、 of Allied Chemical, Gulf Oil and Royal Dutch Shell - admits to television viewers that the “system weve designed would probably not prevent“ a band of about 12 armed terrorists from entering. Stealing plutonium is even easier, the programme suggests. Despite constant survey of all materials on the
45、list, there are inevitably particles of plutonium unaccounted for - about I lb a month at the Oklahoma plant, owned by the KerrMcGee oil company, which in a year adds up to enough to make an atomic bomb. It is suggested that stealing would be even easier if instrument technicians were unscrupulous e
46、nough to alter their measuring devices. The television film also shows radioactive fuel being transported to nuclear processing plants in commercial armoured cars. As safety measure, US drivers of such cars are ordered to contact headquarters by radio telephone every two hours. But the equipment is
47、“cumbersome and unreliable“, and in difficult terrain there are radio black out areas. The programmer ends with a warning from Dr. Theodore Taylor, a former Atomic Energy Commission officer who has long contended that any person of modest technical ability could make an atomic bomb: “If we dont get
48、this problem under international control within the next five or six years, there is a good chance that it will be permanently out of control.“ 25 Why would a terrorist go to the Atomic Energy commissions public reading room? （ A） To find nut how to design a bomb. （ B） To find out where to steal plu
49、tonium. （ C） To look at files of secret information. （ D） To find out where to stem an atomic bomb. 26 The main danger discussed in the passage is from _. （ A） students making their own atomic bombs. （ B） foreign spies stealing secrets （ C） terrorists stealing plutonium and making their own bombs （ D） technicians stealing plutonium 27
