1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 276及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 The Press Conference The press conference has certain advantages. The first advantage lies with the【 1】 _
3、 nature of 【 1】 _ the event itself; public officials are supposed to submit to scrutiny by responding to various questions at a press conference. Secondly, statements previously made at a press conference can be used as a 【 2】 _in judging following statements or policies. 【 2】 _ Moreover, in case of
4、 important events, press confer ences are an effective way to break the news to groups of reporters. However, from the point of view of【 3】 _, the 【 3】 _ press conference possesses some disadvantages, mainly in its【 4】 _and news source. The provider 【 4】 _ virtually determines the manner in which a
5、press conference proceeds. This, sometimes, puts news reporters at a(n)【 5】 _, as can be seen on live 【 5】 _ broadcasts of news conferences. Factors in getting valuable information preparation: a need to keep up to date on journalistic subject matter; 【 6】 _ of the news source: 【 6】 _ 1)news sources
6、【 7】 _to provide information 【 7】 _ 2)news-gathering methods. Conditions under which news reporters cannot trot the information provided by a news source not knowing the required information; knowing and willing to share the information, but without【 8】 _skills; 【 8】 _ knowing the information, but u
7、nwilling to share; willing to share, but unable to recall. 【 9】 of questions asked 【 9】 _ Ways of improving the questions: no words with double meanings; no long questions; specific time, place, etc. ;【 10】 _questions; 【 10】 _ clear alternatives, or no alternatives in answers. 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4
8、 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to an
9、swer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 Opel is developing a new car which _. （ A） is too short to include great changes （ B） is completely different from the old models （ C） will try hard to keep its characteristic style （ D） is not greatly different from the old
10、models 12 Which of the following is not one of Opels major considerations in developing a new car? （ A） Petrol consumption. （ B） Speed. （ C） Safety. （ D） Comfortability. 13 New cars are becoming faster and faster because _. （ A） the efficiency of the engines has improved a lot （ B） the engines are m
11、ore powerful （ C） people like driving fast （ D） highways provide enough chances for fast driving 14 On the development of the electro-car, the main problem is _. （ A） nothing technical （ B） electricity is too expensive （ C） the speed of the car is not fast enough （ D） the weight of the battery 15 It
12、 seems that Opels chief engineer is _ the development of alternative energies. （ A） optimistic about （ B） pessimistic about （ C） not enthusiastic about （ D） devoted to SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questi
13、ons that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 Since President Bush declared that major combat operations in Iraq had ended, _U.S. military members have died of hostile action. （ A） 1,766 （ B） 1,627 （ C） 1,357 （ D） 1,248 17 According to the ne
14、ws items, the retiring Justice Sandra Day OConnor must_. （ A） be a conservative （ B） be a liberal （ C） be a moderate （ D） have no position 18 How did people respond to Bush nomination of Roberts? （ A） Both Republicans and Democrats were in favor of the nomination. （ B） Both Republicans and Democrats
15、 were worried about the nomination. （ C） Democrats supported the nomination while Republicans were worded about it. （ D） Republicans supported the nomination while Democrats were worded about it. 19 Faryadi Sarwar Zardad, a former Afghan warlord, was sentenced to 20-year imprisonment _. （ A） because
16、 he came to Great Britain with a false passport （ B） because he committed crimes of torture and hostage-taking （ C） because he opened a pizza parlor in London without a license ID because he was a cruel and merciless Taliban warlord 20 According to the news items, we can infer that an Old Bailey jur
17、y failed to reach a verdict at Zardads first trial in November_. （ A） the accused had fought the Taliban regime before he fled Afghanistan （ B） the crimes were committed in Afghanistan instead of in Great Britain （ C） the justices could not get witnesses to testify before the court （ D） the justices
18、 didnt believe they had right to try a citizen of an other country 20 A deputy sheriffs dash mounted camera captures his tornado chase. Racing just minutes behind the monster storm he looks for damage and victims. Dep. Robert Jolley, “It was big and ugly.“ He is stopped, briefly, by a fallen power l
19、ine. Dep. Robert Jolley, “We had to keep stopping, moving debris, out of the roadway, things like that.“ At about this time, he sees the tornado begin tearing through the rural community of Bridge Creek. Beneath the storm, Robert Williams and his family climb into a closet and brace themselves for t
20、he very worst minutes of their lives. Robert Williams tells his familys story, “We set down and grabbed the door, and shut it, and held on to it as tight as I could. It snatched the roof off, and pulled the mattress up, and pulled all the kids up. I saw them go up; at the same time the walls fell; m
21、y wife was holding on to me, fell over and sliding with the house. The trailer I guess blew up on this thing, and slid over the top of us, and then it pushed us over that there, somewheres. It killed my wife and had me trapped on the back of the house.“ Williams wife died in his arms. Robert William
22、s, “She couldnt say nothing. I just held her head in my hands, cause thats all I could get up, and tears rolled down her face, and she died, and that was it. Tough, tough, tough. Tough time for everybody. “ His daughter, Amy Crago, her husband, Ben Molton, and their ten month old baby girl, Aleah, v
23、anished. Amy Crago says, “We were all together, and we all rolled a little bit together, and then we just all went different directions. I dont know what happened to my baby during it all, but I didnt pass out through the whole thing, I remember it very well, and I was in the air, and all the debris
24、 was hitting me and you cant imagine how bad that hurt.“ The tornado tossed Amy Crago and her baby hundreds of feet in different directions. She says, “I went to one house and I reached in one window and got a shirt and put it on my head, cause it was bleeding, and I finally found a lady and she too
25、k me down to where the police were and the police, I was just trying to get my baby, I thought my whole family were dead.“ “I just knew everybody was dead and I was all alone. I was so happy when they found her. Its just a miracle. Theres surely nothing else you can say about it. “ Amy Crago Eventua
26、lly Amy got a ride to a hospital. Thats about the time deputy Robert Jolley arrived and saw Amys father. He says, “I saw one man walking in the road way say he lost his daughter and granddaughter, so this is where I immediately started looking.“ At the scene of the tornado he describes what happened
27、 when he went looking for the baby, “We got down here to where all this debris is up against the trees. Something caught the corner of my eye. I looked and I couldnt see anything. And when I looked again, I could see there was a baby, curled around the base of the tree, down there, had her little fa
28、ce in the mud.“ Deputy Jolleys dash mounted camera captures the rest. “She actually looked like a rag doll. She was dirty. Her ears were packed with mud, her eyes were packed with mud. When the baby started crying, I felt great, felt wonderful. I kept the baby with me for about 45 minutes, before I
29、could find EMS, and I turned her over to them.“ Baby Aleah was reunited with her mother in a hospital. Now they are staying in a motel with her dad. She says, “I just knew everybody was dead and I was all alone. I was so happy when they found her. Its just a miracle. Theres surely nothing else you c
30、an say about it.“ Amy lost her mother; her husband is in critical condition, but alive. And except for a few bruises baby Aleah is doing just fine. 21 The person who found Amys baby was _. （ A） Amys father （ B） Robert Jolley （ C） the lady （ D） a doctor 22 The baby was found _. （ A） in the mud at the
31、 base of a tree （ B） high in the branches of a tree （ C） in the closet of a ruined house （ D） in a bush on a mountain slope 23 After the storm, Amy _. （ A） went searching and found her baby near the house （ B） was happy because her mother was safe and sound （ C） found her baby when she was in a hosp
32、ital （ D） went to find her father and met Deputy Jolley 24 How many people in Williams family were killed in the tornado? （ A） 1. （ B） 2. （ C） 3. （ D） 4. 24 That man is an aggressive creature will hardly be disputed. With the exception of certain rodents, no other vertebrate habitually destroys memb
33、ers of his own species. No other animal takes positive pleasure in the exercise of cruelty upon another of his own kind. We generally describe the most disgusting examples of mans cruelty as brutal, implying by these adjectives that such behavior is characteristic of less highly developed animals th
34、an ourselves. In truth, however, the extremes of “brutal“ behavior are confined to man; and there is no parallel in nature to our savage treatment of each other. The depressing fact is that we are the cruelest and most ruthless species that has ever walked the earth; and that, although we may shrink
35、 back in horror when we read in newspaper or history book of the brutalities committed by man upon man, we know in our hearts that each one of us harbors within ourselves those same savage impulses which lead to murder, to torture and to war. To write about human aggression is a difficult task becau
36、se the term is used in so many different senses. Aggression is one of those words which every one knows, but which is nevertheless hard to define. As psychologists use it, it covers a very wide range of human behavior. The red-faced infant squalling for the bottle is being aggressive; and so is the
37、judge who awards a thirty-year sentence for robbery. The guard in a concentration camp who tortures his helpless victim is obviously acting aggressively. Less manifestly, but no less certainly, so is the neglected wife who threatens or attempts suicide in order to regain her husbands affection. When
38、 a word becomes so diffusely applied that it is used both of the competitive striving of a footballer and also of the bloody violence of a murderer, it ought either to be dropped or else more closely defined. Aggression is a combined term which is fairly bursting at its junctions. Yet until we can m
39、ore clearly designate and comprehend the various aspects of human behavior which are subsumed under this head, we cannot discard the concept. One difficulty is that there is no clear dividing line between those forms of aggression which we all deplore and those which we must not disown if we are to
40、survive. When a child rebels against authority it is being aggressive; but it is also manifesting a drive towards independence which is a necessary and valuable part of growing up. The desire for power has, in extreme form, disastrous aspects which we all acknowledged but the drive to conquer diffic
41、ulties, or to gain mastery over the external world underlies the greatest of human achievements. Some writers define aggression as “that response which follows frustration“, or as “an act whose goal- response is injury to an organism (or organism surrogate)“. In the authors view these definitions im
42、pose limits upon the concept of aggression which are not in accord with the underlying facts of human nature which the word is attempting to express. It is worth noticing, for instance, that the words we use to describe intellectual effort are aggressive words. We attack problems, or get our teeth i
43、nto them. We master a subject when we have struggled with and overcome its difficulties. We sharpen our wits, hoping that our mind will develop a keen edge in order that we may better divide a problem into its component parts. Although intellectual tasks are often frustrating, to argue that all inte
44、llectual effort is the result of frustration is to impose too negative a coloring upon the positive impulse to comprehend and master the external world. 25 In the authors view, man is unique in _. （ A） his savage treatment of his own kind （ B） enjoying watching disgusting acts of violence （ C） gaini
45、ng pleasure from brutally treating animals. （ D） his strong impulse to tackle intellectual problems 26 According to the author, the concept of “aggression“ _. （ A） is hard to define because it has been used by various disciplines （ B） covers both deplorable and necessary behaviors （ C） should be dro
46、pped altogether （ D） should be better expressed by a different term 27 Which of the following is NOT true of intellectual effort? （ A） It is often described by aggressive words. （ B） It is a drive to gain control of the external world. （ C） It often leads to futile results. （ D） It is the result of
47、frustration. 28 This passage is probably taken from an article on _. （ A） mans brutalities upon man （ B） definition of aggression （ C） aggression underlying human behaviors （ D） mans drive to master the external world 28 For a long time we have worked hard at isolating the individual family. This ha
48、s increased the mobility of individuals; and by encouraging young families to break away from the older generation and the home community, we have been able to speed up the acceptance of change and the rapid spread of innovative behavior. But at the same time we have burdened every small family with
49、 tremendous responsibilities once shared within three generations and among a large number of peoplethe nurturing of small children, the initiation of adolescents into adulthood, and care of the sick and disabled and the protection of the aged. What we have failed to realize is that even as we have sep
