1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 282及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Note-taking Skills Note-taking requires a high level of ability in many skills, particularly in the follo
3、wing four most important skills: 1. Understanding what the lecturer says as he says it. -A non-native speaker of English is usually under a strain for he may be unable to recognize words in speech which he understands in 【 1】 _. 【 1】_ He may not know the meaning of a new word. -A student should lear
4、n to infer the meaning of a new word from the context. -A student should 【 2】 _ only on important points so that he can 【 2】 _ understand much of a lecture. 2. Deciding what is important. -Read the 【 3】 _ of a lecture carefully and understand its 【 3】 _ meaning, for it implies the major points of a
5、lecture. -Pay attention to a lecturers direct and indirect signals concerning whats important or unimportant. The direct signals are 【 4】 _. The 【 4】 _ indirect signals include 【 5】 _, tempo, loudness and intonation of the 【 5】_ lecturers speech. 3. Writing the main points quickly and clearly. -Usin
6、g 【 6】 _ when writing. 【 6】 _ -Selecting words which give 【 7】 _information. 【 7】 _ -Choosing the right moment to write notes. -Writing only one point on each line. -Listening attentively to the lecturer when such connectives as “however“, “on the other hand“ or “nevertheless“ are uttered, for they
7、often mean that new and 【 8】 _ information is to follow. 【 8】 _ 4. Showing the relationship between the various points he noted. This can be done by a 【 9】 _ presentation. 【 9】 _ Spacing and 【 10】 _ are helpful in taking notes efficiently. 【 10】 _ 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【
8、 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following fiv
9、e questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 According to Edward, in deciding the location of a house, people should consider all the following EXCEPT （ A） the type of life they enjoy. （ B） the price of the house. （ C） the distance between the house and the place of work. （ D） the school their child
10、ren can attend. 12 Which of the following is an ideal place for quiet people to live in? （ A） The city. （ B） The downtown. （ C） Tile countryside. （ D） City suburbs. 13 According to the interview, which is the most common type of houses? （ A） Detached houses. （ B） Semi-detached houses. （ C） Town hous
11、es. （ D） Old houses. 14 What does Edward think of old houses compared to new ones? （ A） They are definitely cheaper. （ B） They are too old to live in. （ C） They may be cheaper but repairs and renovation cost much. （ D） They need to be checked professionally from time to time. 15 What is Edwards atti
12、tude when talking about gardens attached to houses? （ A） Disapproval. （ B） Excitement. （ C） Uncertainty. （ D） Indifference. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news ite
13、m, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 Steve Fossett landed in his destination ahead of scheduled time because （ A） there was something wrong with the generator. （ B） the pilots of the aircraft went on a strike. （ C） there was no electrical power in the battery. （ D） he didnt kn
14、ow how to generate electricity. 17 Which of the following statements about the US trade is TRUE? （ A） The gap between its import and export narrowed. （ B） The Commerce Department shows great concern. （ C） What it imports has outnumbered what it exports. （ D） Only the government concerns about the tr
15、ade deficit. 18 The United States trade deficit is a political problem because congressmen think （ A） American people feel lost for the trade deficit. （ B） American job opportunities are taken away by others. （ C） American people will lose their prestige and privileges. （ D） there is a fierce compet
16、ition between America and Asian countries. 19 Frances stand of the conflict between Israel and Palestine is （ A） to mediate between the two parties. （ B） to distinguish them as two countries. （ C） to invite Hamas leaders to Paris. （ D） to legitimize terror in Palestine. 20 In order to avoid certain
17、charge, the analysis involves （ A） cautious predictions. （ B） impartial judgment. （ C） careful calculation. （ D） simple statistics. 20 What kind of magic can make an 800-page novel seem too short? Whatever it is, debut author Susanna Clarke is possessed by it, and her astonished readers will surely
18、hope she never recovers. Her epic history of an alternative, magical England is so beautifully realized that not one of the many enchantments Clarke chronicles in the book could ever be as potent or as quickening as her own magnificent narrative. It is 1806, and Gilbert Norrell is the only true magi
19、cian in England. He sets out to restore the practice of magic to a nation that has not seen it for more than 300 years. But there is an odd and fateful twist to Norrells character: he is as scholarly and insufferably pedantic as he is gifted. In short, Norrell is the most boring and unmagical person
20、 imaginable. This is Clarkes masterstroke, the necessary touch of ordinary candleshine in the midst of all the uncanny fairy light she dispenses. Enter Jonathan Strange, the intuitive magician the natural who can improvise in a flash what Norrell has gleaned from long study. Strange becomes Norrells
21、 pupil, but soon the tension between their styles mounts to a breaking point. The two men realize that they have a fundamental disagreement about how to approach the mysterious and terrifying sources of English magic, in the face of which even Albus Dumbledore might find himself unnerved. Just as No
22、rrell and Strange apprentice themselves to a Golden Age of medieval magicians, Clarke tethers her craft to the great 19th-century English masters of the novel, Jane Austen and Charles Dickens. The book offers not only an Austen-like inquiry into the fine human line between ridiculous flaw and seriou
23、s consequence, but also a Dickensian flow of language in which a comical surplus of detail rings at last with certain and inevitable significance. This elixir of literary influences gives the story its delightful texture. But there is so much more to Jonathan Strange but it is not forgivable. Take t
24、his, for example: “National citizenship is inherently exclusionary.“ So no foreigners need ever apply for naturalisation, then. And“ . public anxiety about migration . is usually based on a rational understanding of the value of British citizenship and its incompatibility with over-porous borders“.
25、Straight from the lexicon of the far right. And best of all: “You can have a welfare state provided that you are a homogenous society with intensely shared values.” These are extracts from an article in the Observer, penned by the liberal intellectual Goodhart, who is just one of several liberal thi
26、nkers now vigorously making what they consider a progressive argument against immigration. It goes like this: the more diverse a society, the less likely its citizens are to share common values; the fewer common values, the weaker the support for vital institutions of social solidarity, such as the
27、welfare state and the National Health Service. There are perfectly good reasons to worry about how we respond to immigration, not least the downward pressure on workers wages; the growth of racial inequality; and the exploitation of illegals. But the answer to these problems is not genteel xenophobi
28、a, but trade union rights, backed by equality and employment law. The xenophobes should come clean. Their argument is not about immigration at all. They are liberal Powellites; what really bothers them is race and culture. If todays immigrants were white people from the old Commonwealth, Goodhart an
29、d his friends would say that they pose no threat because they share Anglo-Saxon values. Unfortunately for liberal Powellites, the real history of the NHS shatters their fundamental case against diversity. The NHS is a world-beating example of the way that ethnic diversity can create social solidarit
30、y. Launched by a Welshman, built by Irish labourers, founded on the skills of Caribbean nurses and Indian doctors, it is now being rescued by an emergency injection of Filipino nurses, refugee ancillaries and antipodean medics. And it remains 100% British. Virtually all of our public services have d
31、epended heavily on immigrants. Powell was forced to admit as much when, as minister for health he advertised for staff in the Caribbean. His new admirers will discover that a rapidly depopulating Europe will have no choice but to embrace diversity. For the moment, however, the liberal Powellites are
32、 gaining support in high places. Their ideas are inspired by the work of the American sociologist Putnam, a Downing Street favourite. He purports to show that dynamic, diverse communities are more fragmented than stable, monoethnic ones. But the policy wonks have forgotten that Putnams research was
33、conducted in a society so marked by segregation that even black millionaires still live in gated ghettoes. The prime minister still seems uneasy on the issue. Last week, he wavered uncertainly between backing his pro-immigration home secretary, and a defensive response to Howards goading that the go
34、vernment was in a mess on the topic. Oddly enough, this is a place in the arena of world politics where the PM does not stand shoulder to shoulder with Bush. The Spanish-speaking former governor of Texas recently announced that he would “regularise“ the status of millions of illegal Mexican immigran
35、ts who had slipped across the border to work. Its the kind of massive amnesty that would send the Daily Express into conniptions. Even more peculiar, the prime minister appears to be ignoring not only Blunkett but also his new best friend, the Labour mayor of London, Livingstone, and Scotlands first
36、 minister, McConnell. London wants more immigrants to keep pace with its booming economy, Scotland wants them to boost its ageing work force. Yet the liberal Powellites still seem prepared to confront a Bush-Blunkett-Livingstone-McConnell axis, because they are scared witless by the far right. They
37、hope that by appeasing racism, theyll make it go away. But this is a beast with an insatiable appetite. The French discovered that too late; the thuggish National Front is now Frances second largest party, with one in five likely to vote for them in upcoming local elections. Liberal secularists who
38、joined in the assault on the rights of French Muslims now have to find a convincing explanation for their cowardice, which has also betrayed the freedom of expression of French Jews and Christians. In Holland, this spinelessness has ended up as straight leftwing racism. The previously liberal Dutch
39、establishment is now pushing an asylum policy so extreme even the Sun was moved to criticise it. The line up that favours managed migration and diversity Blunkett, McConnell, Livingstone, Bush and the Sun share one quality that the PM should envy more than any other at present., they are all popular
40、 with the public. Maybe the government ought to pay more heed to this focus group than the ones that see scary foreigners on every street corner. Perhaps we should also be creating an even more progressive immigration policy, for example offering easier admission to those who will bring their skills
41、 to the depopulated regions of the north. The Americans will next year offer more work permits to IT whizzkids from India than ever before; and before the middle of the century, the world s strongest economy will become its most ethnically diverse. Our own population is still over 92% white; we shou
42、ldnt be duped by anxious faint-hearts into becoming an all-white backwater. 24 At the beginning of the passage the writer sounds critical of _. （ A） genteel xenophobia （ B） liberal commitment （ C） Britains multi-ethnicity （ D） populist bigotry 25 According to the passage, which of the following stat
43、ements is NOT true? （ A） Those who dislike immigrants should admit their mistakes. （ B） The UK and the US do not agree on the immigration issue. （ C） The Daily Express supports Texass regularizing illegal immigrants. （ D） Racism will not automatically come to an end if people give in to it. 26 The w
44、riter seems to side with _. （ A） the far right （ B） the liberal Powellites （ C） the liberal Dutch establishment （ D） the Bush-Blunkett-Livingstone-McConnell axis 27 It can be inferred from the passage that _. （ A） it is beneficial for Britain to be a homogeneous society （ B） it is beneficial for Bri
45、tain to be ethnically more diverse （ C） the French National Front is coward （ D） the Sun enjoys the greatest popularity 28 This passage is most probably part of _. （ A） an ethnic study （ B） a newspaper article （ C） a government report （ D） a research report 28 Rudolf Virchow was among the greatest m
46、inds in medicine in the 19th century. As a result of his hard work and determination, great strides were made in the fields of pathological and physiological medicine. Virchow attended Friederich Institute where he studied to become a physician. Throughout his studies, Virchow performed a plethora o
47、f research disproving that phlebitis was the cause of most diseases. Once he graduated from Friederich Institute, Virchow went on to study at the University of Berlin where he became a medical doctor in 1843. He was championed as the founder of cellular pathology because of his extensive research th
48、at disease is created and reproduced at the cellular level of the body. Virchow also took on the role of educator. He was involved in opening a school of nursing in Friederichshain Hospital and designed the new sewer system for the city of Berlin. In 1856, he was appointed as Chair of the Pathologic
49、al Anatomy Department at the University of Berlin and the new Pathology Institute opened there as well. One of his greatest accomplishments in his career happened in 1874, when he introduced the standardized technique to perform autopsies. Virchow was extremely active in his community and had a passion for life-long learning. He was elected to the Berlin City Council for exclusive work in the areas of public health. He repor
