1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 286及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Using a Library Making good use of the college library might be a maximal help to students study. To get
3、access to the library, the student should know how to use his library more easily and more efficiently. . Borrowing Books 1. To make sure that the book is (1)【 1】 _ 2. To find out where the book is-consult the catalogues cards arranged in alphabetical order: 1)in the center-the authors name ( (2)com
4、es first)【 2】 _ 2)the top left hand corner-the books number the class number ( (3)areas)【 3】 _ the author number (exact book shelf) 3)the lower middle part the title of the book, the edition 4)the bottom-the collation details ( (4)and maps)【 4】 _ 3. (5)the borrowing slip. 【 5】 _ . Consulting Referen
5、ce Materials Three types of materials: 1. reference books e. g. dictionaries bibliographies-listing all the (6)on a particular subject 【 6】 _ encyclopedias-an/a (7)of a topic (clear, brief, authoritative 【 7】 _ 2. valuable books e. g. old edition, a single copy, out of print books 3. professional (8
6、)or periodicals 【 8】 _ . General Study Three reasons: 1. (9)working environment(spacious, well-lit, heated, free of charge)【 9】 _ 2. access to reference books and possibility of discussing with other students 3. a chance to make (10)with others 【 10】 _ 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7
7、】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the followin
8、g five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 According to Samantha Heller, people tend to cat milk chocolate because （ A） it is less hitter than dark chocolate. （ B） it is more healthy than dark chocolate. （ C） it has special flavor with many nutrients. （ D） it is less expensive than dark choco
9、late. 12 Samantha Heller suggests that to get benefits from chocolate, you may （ A） take nutrients out of chocolate. （ B） make cocoa powder on your own. （ C） make hot chocolate by yourself. （ D） consult an expert on chocolate. 13 According to the interview, chemicals contained in green tea actually
10、help （ A） refresh ones memory. （ B） combat some diseases. （ C） revive ones spirits. （ D） improve ones physique. 14 Ginger can he used to deal with all of the following diseases or symptoms EXCEPT （ A） arthritis. （ B） morning sickness. （ C） nausea. （ D） flu. 15 According to Samantha Heller, people sh
11、ould eat a product from other animals （ A） every two days. （ B） every other day. （ C） together with fruits. （ D） in small amounts. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each n
12、ews item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 Who attacked police bases, volunteer defense posts and local government offices? （ A） Security forces. （ B） Some officials. （ C） Militants. （ D） The farmers. 17 Where did the clash take place? （ A） In the southern provinces. （ B） In
13、the northern cities. （ C） In the west. （ D） In the east. 18 How many militants were killed in Wednesdays attacks? （ A） 10. （ B） 20. （ C） At least 40. （ D） At least 60. 19 What is President Bushs attitude towards the humiliating treatment of Iraqi prisoners by American soldiers? （ A） Ambiguous. （ B）
14、Negative. （ C） Apologetic. （ D） Supportive. 20 Which of the following has resulted from the Arabian peoples anger over the abuse? （ A） Six American soldiers were charged. （ B） Some American soldiers were attacked. （ C） An advisor to President Bush was reprimanded. （ D） President Bush was asked to ma
15、ke an apology. 20 Almost a century after his death, the well-known French author Jules Verne has once again managed to fire the imagination of people around the world, this time with an unpublished novel, Paris in the 20th Century. The manuscript, completed in 1863 but long locked away in a safe, wa
16、s uncovered only in 1989 by Vernes great-grandson, and it appeared in English translation just a few months ago. This 19th-century vision of the future describes life among skyscrapers of glass and steel, high-speed trains, gas-powered automobiles, calculators, fax machines and a global communicatio
17、ns network. The prescience of these forecasts matches what one would have expected from the author who introduced countless readers of his age to a host of technological marvels, from submarines to helicopters and spacecraft. But in fact, Paris in the 20th Century is a tragedy. It describes the life
18、 of an idealistic young man who struggles to find happiness in the fiercely materialistic dystopia that Paris has become by 1920. Like George Orwells 1984, Vernes novel is a grim and troubling comment on the human costs of technological progress. That such a message should come from Jules Verne prov
19、es surprising to many. Most people particularly in America assume that Verne wrote about the wonders of technology because he was himself an optimistic scientist. Many also believe Verne wrote primarily for children, crafting novels that were invariably exciting but intellectually shallow. These mis
20、conceptions show how Venue, s current status has completely shadowed the reality of his life and writings. They are part of the continuing misunderstanding of this author, a result of some severely abridged translations and simplified adaptations for Hollywood cinema. In truth, Verne was neither a s
21、cientist nor an engineer: he was simply a writer and a very prolific one. Over his lifetime, Verne produced more than 2 novels. Yet his works were carefully grounded in fact, and his books inspired many leading scientists, engineers, inventors and explorers, including William Beebe (the creator and
22、pilot of the first bathysphere), Admiral Richard Byrd (a pioneer explorer of Antarctica), Yuri Gagarin (the first human to fly in space) and Neil Armstrong (the first astronaut to walk or/the moon). Vernes novels were thus profoundly influential, and perhaps uniquely so. Although novels with scienti
23、fic foundation had been written before, Verne raised the technique of scientific description to a fine art. And this type of science fiction, based on accurate descriptions of science and technology, has tended to dominate the trend ever since. But Vernes devotion to technical detail does not reflec
24、t an confidence in the virtues of science. Indeed, his earliest writings a mixture of plays, essays and short stories were distinctly critical of science and technology. It was only the strict monitor of his publisher, Pierre-Jules Hetzel, that steered Verne toward what eventually made him famous: f
25、ast-paced adventure tales heavily flavored with scientific lessons and an optimistic ideology. And although his own attitude was quite different, Verne offered little resistance to Hetzel. After the release of his initial book in 1863, the first in a series of novels published under the banner “Extr
26、aordinary Voyages: Voyages in Known and Unknown Worlds“, Verne explained to his friends at the Paris stock market (where he had been working part-time to make ends meet) about his accomplishment. “My friends,. Ive just written a novel in a new style . If it succeeds, it will be a gold mine.“ He was
27、right. Under Hetzer s continual guidance, Verne created one novel after another, each fundamentally of this same type. But most of the works published after Hetzel s death in 1886 show Verne returning to his original themes championing environmentalism, anticapitalism and social responsibility while
28、 questioning the benefits that science and technology could bring to an imperfect world. To understand how Vernes later writings could differ so completely from popular image of him requires a closer understanding of the man and his times. 21 How does the author think about “Paris in the 20th Centur
29、y“? （ A） He thinks iris a comedy. （ B） This 19th-century vision of the future describes life among skyscrapers of glass and steel, high-speed trains, gas-powered automobiles, calculators, fax machines and a global communications network. （ C） It describes the life of an unidealistic young man who st
30、ruggles to find happiness in the fiercely materialistic dystopia that Paris has become by 1920. （ D） He thinks the Jules Verne has once again managed to fire the imagination of people around the world and it is a grim and troubling comment on the human costs of technological progress. 22 In the sent
31、ence “In math, Verne was neither a scientist nor an engineer: he was simply a writer and a very prolific one.“, the word “prolific“ probably means_. （ A） primitive （ B） diligent （ C） rich （ D） fruitful 23 Through what kind of novels, did Verne make himself success? （ A） Fast-paced adventure tales he
32、avily flavored with scientific lessons and an optimistic ideology. （ B） To mix futuristic narratives with detailed, plausible descriptions of new technology. （ C） Through novels such as Journey to the Center of the Earth (1864; translated 1874) and Around the World in 80 Days (1873; translated 1874)
33、. （ D） Bright, entertaining adventure stories that celebrated the possibilities of technology. 24 According to the passage, how does the author think about Jules.Verne? （ A） A stranger. （ B） A scientist whose job was to discover the future and cast new technology in a darker light. （ C） From the sta
34、rt, the father of science fiction was gravely concerned with the dangers of technology. （ D） He was either a scientist or an engineer. 24 Kidnappings around the world have typically had one of two major goals: publicity for a local political cause or as a form of “fund-raising“ for the kidnappers. R
35、ecently, kidnappings for political reasons have been on the decrease, whereas kidnapping for profit has seen a dramatic increase. A prime example of this trend is in Colombia. Colombia is considered to be the kidnapping capital of the world, with rival guerrilla and paramilitary groups consistently
36、abducting civilians-including businessmen, tourists and aid workers. The ransom money obtained from these activities is used primarily to finance a 37 year civil war in Colombia. The U.S. State Department estimates that more than 3,000 people are kidnapped in Colombia each year. Most kidnap victims
37、are Colombians who are either wealthy or who can at least come up with a few thousand dollars. Although the kidnappings are most often performed by political dissidents, the motivation for the kidnappings is usually money, not politics. Colombia is not the only country to be plagued with this increa
38、se in kidnappings for profit. Ransom kidnappings are becoming more common in Mexico, Central America, Brazil, Chechnya, the Philippines, Haiti, and many other developing countries throughout the world. Although many kidnappings are politically motivated, a growing number are simply fund-raising exer
39、cises by guerrillas or common criminals. For example, when a new rebel group, the Popular Revolutionary Army, surfaced in Mexico in 1996, experts concluded that the group financed itself through kidnappings carried out over the previous two years. One of the causes of the worldwide increase in kidna
40、ppings for profit is that billions of dollars in foreign investment has only marginally assisted the poor throughout the Third World. This has created a growing resentment of the elites who have hoarded much of the wealth. Therefore, often kidnappings for profit throughout the Third World are a back
41、lash by the poor against the elites, in an attempt to even the score by obtaining some of their money. Moreover, there is an increasing risk of kidnapping for tourists and expatriate executives throughout the world. This is particularly so for Americans, who are perceived as rich even when they are
42、not. Their substantial numbers3.2 million living overseas and 50 million traveling internationally each yearhave left Americans more at risk than citizens of other countries. In many countries, the kidnapping of business people, especially American executives and mid-level managers, as well as touri
43、sts has become a thriving business. For example, during the last several years, the FARC and ELN, two Colombian terrorist groups, have extorted more than 5632 million from foreign companies and individuals. In fact, the problem of kidnapping has become so bad internationally that several insurance a
44、nd security companies are offering either international kidnapping insurance or, at least, detailed instructions on how to avoid a kidnapping. This too has become a thriving business. According to Fielding Worldwide, Inc., a typical KRE (Kidnap, Ransom and Extortion) insurance policy has a $1 millio
45、n limit. An annual policy would cost between US$7,000 in Brazil or up to a maximum of US$26,000 in Colombiathis is an incredible cost. Corporations usually buy blanket policies that cover all employees, but often business is intertwined with extended family from grandparents down to grandchildren. T
46、herefore, often the entire family must be Included in the policy to ensure maximum coverage. Since kidnappers are aware of these KRE policies, the insurance policies have inadvertently created a way for them to make even more money than if they were to kidnap a typical man off the street. So, is it
47、necessary to obtain one of these policies? Seitlin he might hear different opinions now that a Shiite dominated government is more or less in place. Trofimovs episodic narrative creates a mosaic of the Muslim universe, which is less monolithic than generally pictured. Each tile is exquisitely wrough
48、t, but the overall pattern is not always clear. Trofimov implies that in the eyes of a great many Muslims, what began as a war against terrorism has morphed into a war against Islam a clash of civilizations. But Muslims in more moderate countries like Tunisia and Mali dont seem to share that view, a
49、nd I for one couldnt tell which vision is likely to prevail.That said, this book deserves a wide readership. The Muslims dont understand us, we dont understand them. “Faith at War“ goes a long way toward solving the second part of that dismal equation. 30 Concerning the book, which of the following statements is NOT true? （ A） It is partly a travel book. （ B） It is partly a political one. （ C） It is partly a cultural commentary. （ D） It is partly an academic one. 31 Acco
