1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 295及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Seven Types of Evidence It is important to learn to use evidence in argumentative writing, because withou
3、t evidence, you cant persuade anybody of anything. Usually seven types of evidence are used. . Expert Testimony Expert testimony is useful because it comes from somebody with special knowledge and has been tested by others. There are three kinds of expert testimony: facts, informed opinions, and 【 1
4、】 _. 【 1】 _ The first two can be safely used in your writing, but the third may be dangerous, because they are just what is possibly true. . 【 2】 _ 【 2】 _ This refers to data that can reveal some information. Strong evidence of this type should be valid, accurate, and 【 3】 _. 【 3】 _ . Examples Examp
5、les are widely used in our daily life. Examples can serve three purposes. First, clarify meaning. Second, provide reason for justification. Third, 【 4】 _. 【 4】 _ . Personal Experience Writer can use his own experience to support an argument. But if the experience is 【 5】 _, the 【 5】 _ argument will
6、not be very forceful. . Analogy Analogy is a comparison of apparently dissimilar things. Analogy can make unfamiliar topics 【 6】 _, 【 6】 _ but it is not enough to prove anything. 6. Known Facts Known facts are facts that are known to 【 7】 _. 【 7】 _ They can be used as a type of evidence. 7. Logic an
7、d Reasoning Logic and reasoning may be used in two situations. One, 【 8】 _ is not available. 【 8】 _ Two, the writer wants to strengthen the persuasiveness of his factual evidence. 8. Three Criteria for Good Evidence 1. relevant 2. 【 9】 _ 【 9】 _ 3. 【 10】 _ 【 10】 _ 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6
8、 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of t
9、he following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 Mr. Green would like to live in the west coast of Canada NOT because _. （ A） it is rich （ B） it has pleasant climate （ C） it has loads of coastline （ D） it is near America 12 Which of the following statements about traveling is TRUE accord
10、ing to Mr. Green? （ A） Traveling is only a time for him to have a rest. （ B） Traveling provides him with a lot of experience. （ C） He is free from responsibility when traveling. （ D） He changes a lot every time after traveling. 13 Why does Mr. Green often travel with other people he knows well? （ A）
11、 Because he will have someone to talk with during the trip. （ B） Because traveling alone is dangerous. （ C） Because the expense can be reduced in this way. （ D） Because they have many similarities. 14 Which of the following did NOT happen to Mr. Green when he was traveling? （ A） He slept in a prison
12、 in Germany. （ B） He was nearly killed in Devon. （ C） He managed to reach the center of the Middle East war. （ D） He took a train on which he was threatened by a murderer. 15 Mr. Green affords his traveling by all of the following EXCEPT _. （ A） working for his friends living in the place hes visiti
13、ng （ B） singing and giving concerts during the trip （ C） living cheaply when traveling （ D） money from his main work SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you
14、will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 How many people are already known to have died in the storms in Kansas, U.S.? （ A） 1. （ B） 3. （ C） 10. （ D） The number is still unknown yet. 17 Which of the following names is NOT mentioned in the news? （ A） Ottawa County lake. （ B） north-central
15、Kansas. （ C） the Kansas Emergency Management Agency. （ D） the tornado Camper. 18 How much did Spider-Man 3 take in on its opening day? （ A） 148 million. （ B） 227 million. （ C） 59.3 million. （ D） 55.8 million. 19 Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the news item? （ A） Spider-Man 3
16、broke the single-day box-office record. （ B） Spider-Man 3 was not so warmly received in foreign markets as was in the U.S. （ C） Spider-Man 3 was debuted on a Saturday. （ D） Spider-Man 3 still starred the same actors but had a different director. 20 The single-day box-office record was previously hel
17、d by which of the following movies? （ A） Harry Porter. （ B） Pirates of the Caribbean. （ C） Titanic. （ D） The Matrix. 20 Cooperative competition. Competitive cooperation. Confused? Airline alliances have travellers scratching their heads over whats going on in the skies. Some folks view alliances as
18、a blessing to travellers, offering seamless travel, reduced fares and enhanced frequent-flyer benefits. Others see a conspiracy of big businesses, causing decreased competition, increased fares and fewer choices. Whatever your opinion, theres no escaping airline alliances: the marketing hype is unre
19、lenting, with each of the two mega-groupings, Oneworld and Star Alliance, promoting itself as the best choice for all travellers. And, even if you turn away from their ads, chances are they will figure in any of your travel plans. By the end of the year, Oneworld and Star Alliance will between them
20、control more than 40% of the traffic in the sky. Some pundits predict that figure will be more like 75% in 10 years. But why, after years of often ferocious competition, have airlines decided to band together? Lets just say the timing is mutually convenient. North American airlines, having exhausted
21、 all means of earning customer loyalty at home, have been looking for ways to reach oat to foreign flyers. Asian carders are still hurling from the region-wide economic downturn that began two years ago-just when some of the airlines were taking delivery of new aircraft. Alliances also allow carrier
22、s to cut coots and increase profits by pooling manpower resources on the ground (rather than each airline maintaining its own ground crew) and code-sharing-the practice of two partners selling tickets and operating only one aircraft. So alliances are terrific for airlines-but are they good for the p
23、assenger? Absolutely, say the airlines: think of the lounges, the joint FFP (frequent flyer programme) benefits, the round-the-world fares, and the global service networks. Then theres the promise of “seamless“ travel: the ability to, say, travel from Singapore to Rome to New York to Rio de Janiero,
24、 all on one ticket, without having to wait hours for connections or worry about your bags. Sounds utopian? Peter Buecking, Cathay Pacifics director of sales and marketing, thinks that seamless travel is still evolving. “Its fair to say that these links are only in their infancy. The key to seamlessn
25、ess rests in infrastructure and information sharing. Were working on this. “Henry Ma, spokesperson for Star Alliance in Hong Kong, lists some of the other benefits for consumers: “Global travellers have an easier time making connections and planning their itineraries.“ Ma claims alliances also assur
26、e passengers consistent service standards. Critics of alliances say the much-touted benefits to the consumer are mostly pie in the sky, that alliances are all about reducing costs for the airlines, rationalizing services and running joint marketing programmes. Jeff Blyskal, associate editor of Consu
27、mer Reports magazine, says the promotional ballyhoo over alliances is much ado about nothing. “I dont see much of a gain for consumers: alliances are just a marketing gimmick. And as far as seamless travel goes, Ill believe it when I see it. Most airlines cant even get their own connections under co
28、ntrol, let alone coordinate with another airline.“ Blyskal believes alliances will ultimately result in decreased flight choices and increased costs for consumers. Instead of two airlines competing and each operating a flight on the same route at 70% capacity, the allied pair will share the route an
29、d run one full flight. Since fewer seats will be available, passengers will be obliged to pay more for tickets. The truth about alliances and their merits probably lies somewhere between the travel utopia presented by the players and the evil empires portrayed by their critics. And how much they aff
30、ect you depends on what kind of traveller you are. Those whove already made the elite grade in the FFP of a major airline stand to benefit the most when it joins an alliance: then they enjoy the FFP perks and advantages on any and all of the member carriers. For example, if youre a Marco Polo Club “
31、gold“ member of Cathay Pacifics Asia Miles FFP, you will automatically be treated as a valuable customer by all members of Oneworld, of which Cathay Pacific is a member-even if youve never flown with them before. For those who haven t made the top grade in any FFP, alliances might be a way of simpli
32、fying the earning of frequent flyer miles. For example, I belong to United Airlines Mileage Plus and generally fly less than 25,000 miles a year. But I earn miles with every flight I take on Star Alliance members-Ali Nippon Airways and Thai Airways. If you fly less than I do, you might be smarter to
33、 stay out of the FFP game altogether. Hunt for bargains when booking flights and you might be able to save enough to take that extra trip anyway. The only real benefit infrequent flyers can draw from an alliance is an inexpensive round-the-world fare. The bottom line: for all the marketing hype, all
34、iances arent all things to all people-but everybody can get some benefit out of them. 21 Which is the best word to describe air travellers reaction to airline alliances? （ A） Delight. （ B） Indifference. （ C） Objection. （ D） Puzzlement. 22 According to the passage, setting up airline alliances will c
35、hiefly benefit _. （ A） North American airlines and their domestic travellers （ B） North American airlines and their foreign counterparts （ C） Asian airlines and their foreign travellers （ D） Asian airlines and their domestic travellers 23 Which of the following is NOT a perceived advantage of allian
36、ces? （ A） Baggage allowance, （ B） Passenger comfort. （ C） Convenience. （ D） Quality. 24 One disadvantage of alliances foreseen by the critics is that air travel may be mere expensive as a result of （ A） less convenience （ B） higher operation costs （ C） less competition （ D） more joint marketing 25 A
37、ccording to the passage, which of the following categories of travellers will gain most from airline alliances ? （ A） Travellers who fly frequently economy class. （ B） Travellers who fly frequently business class. （ C） Travellers who fly occasionally during holidays. （ D） Travellers who fly economy
38、class once in a while. 25 Frustrated with delays in Sacramento, Bay Area officials said Thursday they planned to take matters into their own hands to regulate the regions growing pile of electronic trash, A San Jose councilwoman and a San Francisco supervisor said they would propose local initiative
39、s aimed at controlling electronic waste ff the California law-making body fails to act on two bills stalled in the Assembly. They are among a growing number of California dries and counties that have expressed the same intention. Environmentalists and local governments are increasingly concerned abo
40、ut the toxic hazard posed by old electron/c devices and the cost of safely recycling those products. An estimated 6 million televisions and computers are stocked in California homes, and an additional 6,000 to 7,000 computers become outdated every day. The machines contain high levels of lead and ot
41、her other substances, and are already banned from California landfills. Legislation by Senator Byron Sher would require consumers to pay a recycling fee of up to $ 30 on every new machine containing a cathode ray tube. Used in almost all video monitors and televisions, those devices contain four to
42、eight pounds of lead each. The fees would go toward setting up recycling programs, providing grants to non-profit agencies that reuse the tubes and rewarding manufacturers that encourage recycling. A separate bill by Los Angeles-area Senator Gloria Romero would require high-tech manufacturers to dev
43、elop programs to recycle so-called e-waste. If passed, the measures would put California at the forefront of national efforts to manage the refuse of the electronic age. But high-tech groups, including the Silicon Valley Manufacturing Group and the American Electronics Association, oppose the measur
44、es, arguing that fees of up to $ 30 will drive consumers to online, out-of-state retailers. “What really needs to occur is consumer education. Most consumers are unaware theyre not supposed to throw computers in the trash,“ said Roxanne Gould, vice president of government relations for the electroni
45、cs association, Computer recycling should be a local effort and part of residential waste collection programs, she added. Recycling electronic waste is a dangerous and specialized matter, and environmentalists maintain the state must support recycling efforts and ensure that the Job isnt contracted
46、to unscrupulous junk dealers who send the toxic parts overseas. “The graveyard of the high-tech revolution is ending up in rural China,“ said Ted Smith, director of the Silicon Valley Toxics Coalition. His group is pushing for an amendment to Sheds bill that would prevent the export of e-waste. 26 W
47、hich step was Bay Area officials going to take regarding e-waste disposal? （ A） Exert pressure on manufacturers of electronic devices. （ B） Lay down relevant local regulations themselves. （ C） Lobby the lawmakers of the California Assembly. （ D） Rally support to pass the stalled bills. 27 The two hi
48、lls stalled in the California Assembly both concern _. （ A） regulations on dumping hazardous substances into landfills （ B） the sale of used electronic devices to foreign countries （ C） the funding of local initiatives to reuse electronic trash （ D） the reprocessing of the huge amounts of electronic
49、 waste in the state 28 Cansumers are not supposed to throw used computers in the trash because _ （ A） they contain large amounts of harmful substances （ B） this is banned by the California government （ C） some parts may be recycled for use elsewhere （ D） unscrupulous dealers will retrieve them for profit 29 High-tech
