1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 326及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Some Problems Facing Learners of English Although many English learners have got high scores in an Englis
3、h test such as IELTS or TOEFL, they still face some problems concerning its learning. Here wed like to talk about some of the problems and try to come up with suggestions on how to overcome them. I. Psychological Problems 1. the 1st reason: fear of (1)【 1】 _ the solution: not to look too far ahead c
4、oncentrate on increasing knowledge and developing ability 2. the 2nd reason: separation from the family and (2)【 2】 _ the solution: enjoy (3) time heals nostalgia 【 3】 _ II. Cultural Problems 1. practical problems (4)【 4】 _ money food weather 2. problems difficult to define the reason: the British w
5、ay of life (5), habits and traditions)【 5】 _ the solution: be open-minded and (6)【 6】 _ III. Linguistic Problems 1. problems regarding (7) 1)difficulties in understanding English-speaking people 【 7】 _ 3 reasons: fast speed of speech a variety of accents different styles of speech 2)ways of overcomi
6、ng the difficulties attend (8)(8)_ use a language laboratory listen to English programs meet and speak with native speakers of English 2. problems regarding speaking 1)difficulties: knowing what to say but not knowing how to say it in English 2)solutions (9)the language 【 9】 _ think in English inste
7、ad of translating practice speaking as much as possible imitate the educated peoples (10)【 10】 _ 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions
8、that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 Which of the following statements is TRUE about professor Kimballs survey? （ A） Some people dont want to t
9、ake it because its too time-consuming. （ B） The results might not be objective enough. （ C） The survey aims to measure Americans happiness. （ D） The survey has been conducted for three months. 12 Which of the following statements about happiness is NOT true according to professor Kimball? （ A） Happi
10、ness means good luck in many languages. （ B） Happiness as a kind of feeling is something like having a good life. （ C） Peoples feeling of happiness goes back to normal, quickly. （ D） The English word “happenstance“ is about luck that happens by chance. 13 Professor Kimball thinks the strong dip in p
11、eoples happiness after the earthquake in Pakistan _. （ A） shows that people all over the world care about Pakistan （ B） demonstrates earthquakes great influence （ C） doesnt make any sense because the survey results arent justified （ D） makes sense because everyone cares about other human beings 14 W
12、hats professor Kimballs attitude towards Richard Laird and his book on happiness? （ A） Positive. （ B） Negative. （ C） Indifferent. （ D） Ambiguous. 15 “Hedonic adaptation“ means that _. （ A） life is influenced by peoples feeling of happiness （ B） peoples feeling of happiness usually dips after news ev
13、ents （ C） the happiness goes back to normal after a while （ D） the happiness depends on how well ones life is going SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you w
14、ill be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 Around how many tons of hazardous waste does the world produce each year? （ A） 150 million. （ B） 1.50 million. （ C） 15 million. （ D） 50 million. 17 Now the U.S. economy growth rate is _. （ A） higher than 1995 to 2000 （ B） lower than 1973 to 1995 （
15、C） as good as 1995 to 2000 （ D） the same as 1993 to 1995 18 Dale Jorgenson points out that the 2.78 grow rate will be continued in the next _. （ A） 2 years （ B） 10 years （ C） 20 years （ D） 5 years 19 What is the reason of the decline of the number of the wild horses? （ A） Climate change and human ac
16、tivities. （ B） The hunting and culling. （ C） Farming and industrializing. （ D） Mass killing caused by people. 20 Whom does the provision intend to sell the wild horses for? （ A） Federal government. （ B） The horse-lovers. （ C） The people who kill the wild horse. （ D） The native people. 20 The period
17、of adolescence, i.e., the person between childhood and adulthood, may be long or short, depending on social expectations and on societys definition as to what constitutes maturity and adulthood. In primitive societies adolescence is frequently a relatively short period of time, while in industrial s
18、ocieties with patterns of prolonged education coupled with laws against child labor, the period of adolescence is much longer and may include most of the second decade of ones life. Furthermore, the length of the adolescent period and the definition of adulthood status may change in a given society
19、as social and economic conditions change. Examples of this type of change are the disappearance of the frontier in the latter part of the nineteenth century in the United States, and more universally, the industrialization of an agricultural society. In modem society, ceremonies for adolescence have
20、 lost their formal recognition and symbolic significance and there no longer is agreement as to what constitutes initiation ceremonies. Social ones have been replaced by a sequence of steps that lead to increased recognition and social status. For example, grade school graduation, high school gradua
21、tion and college graduation constitute such a sequence, and while each step implies certain behavioral changes and social recognition, the significance of each depends on the socio-economic status and the educational ambition of the individual. Ceremonies for adolescence have also been replaced by l
22、egal definitions of status roles, right, privileges and responsibilities, it is during the nine years from the twelfth birthday to the twenty-first that the protective and restrictive aspects of childhood and minor status are removed and adult privileges and responsibilities are granted. The twelve-
23、year-old is no longer considered a child and has to pay full fare for train, airplane, theater and movie tickets. Basically, the individual at this age loses childhood privileges without gaining significant adult rights. At the age of sixteen the adolescent is granted certain adult rights which incr
24、ease his social status by providing him with more freedom and choices. He now can obtain a driver s license; he can leave public schools; and he can work without the restrictions of child labor laws. At the age of eighteen the law provides adult responsibilities as well as rights: the young man can
25、now be a soldier, but he also can marry without parental permission. At the age of twenty-one the individual obtains his full legal rights as an adult. He now can write, he can buy liquor, he can enter into financial contracts, and he is entitled to run for public office. No additional basic rights
26、are acquired as a function of age alter majority status has been attained. None of these legal provisions determine at what point adulthood has been reached but they do point to the prolonged period of adolescence. 21 The length of adolescence is decided by all of the following EXCEPT_. （ A） the def
27、inition of maturity and adulthood （ B） change in social and economic conditions （ C） industrialization of the society （ D） development of science and technology 22 What can be a substitute for adolescence ceremonies? （ A） Steps leading to recognition. （ B） Increased social-economic status. （ C） Adul
28、t privileges and responsibilities. （ D） Behavioral changes. 23 One can fully enjoy his adulthood privileges when he is no less than_ years old. （ A） 12 （ B） 16 （ C） 18 （ D） 21 24 Which of the following statements is TRUE about a 22-year-old young man? （ A） He can get more basic rights than those of
29、21. （ B） He will get more and more rights as he grows older and older. （ C） He has no more basic rights than when he was 21. （ D） He will enjoy more rights granted by society. 25 It can be inferred from the passage that_. （ A） one begins to be considered as an adult since 12 （ B） one has to pay full
30、 fare before he is free from the restrictions of child labor laws （ C） one begins to lose childhood privileges when he can obtain a drivers license （ D） one cant marry without parental permission until he can enter into financial contracts 25 Students of United States history, seeking to identify th
31、e circumstances that encouraged the emergence of feminist movements, have thoroughly investigated the mid-nineteenth-century American economic and social conditions that affected the status of women. These historians, however, have analyzed less fully the development of specifically feminist ideas a
32、nd activities during the same period. Furthermore, the ideological origins of feminism in the United States have been obscured because, even when historians did take into account those feminist ideas and activities occurring within the United States, they failed to recognize that feminism was then a
33、 truly international movement actually centered in Europe. American feminist activists who have been described as “solitary“ and “individual theorists“ were in reality connected to a movement utopian socialism which was already popularizing feminist ideas in Europe during the two decades that culmin
34、ated in the first womens rights conference held at Seneca Falls, New York, in 180o8. Thus, a complete understanding of the origins and development of nineteenth-century feminism in the United States requires that the geographical focus be widened to include Europe and that the detailed study already
35、 made of social conditions be expanded to include the ideological development of feminism. The earliest and most popular of the utopian socialists were the Saint-Simonians. The specifically feminist part of Saint-Simonianism has, however, been less studied than the groups contribution to early socia
36、lism. This is regrettable on two counts. By 1832 feminism was the central concern of Saint- Simonianism and entirely absorbed its adherents energy. Hence, by ignoring its feminism, European historians have misunderstood Saint- Simonianism. Moreover, since many feminist ideas can be traced to Saint-
37、Simonianism, European historians appreciation of later feminism in France and the United States remained limited. Saint-Simons followers, many of whom were women, based their feminism on an interpretation of his project to reorganize the globe by replacing brute force with the rule of spiritual powe
38、rs. The new world order would be ruled together by a male, to represent reflection, and a female, to represent sentiment. This complementarity reflects the fact that, while the Saint-Simonians did not reject the belief that there were innate differences between men and women, they nevertheless fores
39、aw an equally important social and political role for both sexes in their Utopia. Only a few Saint-Simonians opposed a definition of sexual equality based on gender distinction. This minority believed that individuals of both sexes were born similar in capacity and character, and they ascribed male-
40、female differences to socialization and education. The envisioned result of both currents of thought, however, was that women would enter public life in the new age and that sexual equality would reward men as well as women with an improved way of life. 26 What did historians studying American femin
41、ist movements manage to do? （ A） Study influential economic and social conditions. （ B） Identify the origin of feminist movements. （ C） Fully analyze the development of feminist ideas. （ D） Realize the international origins of the 19th century American feminist thought. 27 It can be inferred from th
42、e passage that the Seneca Falls conference_. （ A） aimed at simulating feminist movements in America （ B） was the culminating achievement of the Utopian socialist movement （ C） discussed the ideological development of feminism （ D） focused on womens rights in America 28 What does the author think abo
43、ut most European historians who have studied the Saint- Simonians? （ A） They have studied more of the groups contribution to socialism. （ B） They have studied the groups feminist part. （ C） They have thorough investigation into feminism in France. （ D） They are the only authority about Saint-Simonis
44、m. 29 According to the passage, the society envisioned by most Saint-Simonians would be one in which_. （ A） women could obtain superior rights （ B） women played a vital role in politics （ C） the two genders competed with each other （ D） the two genders had equal status 30 It can be inferred from the
45、 passage that all Saint-Simonians_. （ A） have different ideas regarding sexual equality （ B） believe that sexual equality benefits women more than it does to men （ C） believe in the innateness of differences between men and women （ D） see gender differences as results of education 31 the passage is
46、mainly about_. （ A） the origin of American feminism （ B） the development of American feminism （ C） the feminist part of Saint-Simonianism （ D） Saint-Simonism and utopian socialism 31 We know that he was baptized on April 26, 1564, so that somewhere between April 20 and April 23, four hundred years a
47、go, was born an Englishman who possessed what was probably the greatest brain ever encased in a human skull. William Shakespeares work has been performed without interruption for some three hundred and fifty years everywhere in the world. Scholars and students in every land know his name and study h
48、is work as naturally as they study their holy books the Gospels, the Torah, the Koran, and the others. For centuries clergymen have spoken Shakespeares words from their pulpits; lawyers have used his sentences in addressing juries; doctors, botanists, agronomists, bankers, seamen, musicians, and, of
49、 course, actors, painters, poets, editors, and novelists have used words of Shakespeare for knowledge, for pleasure, for experience, for ideas and for inspiration. It is hard to exaggerate the debt that mankind owes. Shakespeares greatness lies in the fact that there is nothing within the range of human thought that he did not touch. Somewhere in his writings, you will find a full-length portrait of yo
