1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 372及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Serf-discipline: the Foundation of Productive Living . Issues to be noticed at the thought of serf-discip
3、line A. Troubles for some people to become more productive B. The reason: lacking of【 1】 to start with C. Multiple meanings of serf-discipline in different fields: the ability and【 2】 in terms of productivity the ability to change habits in personal development the ability to get up and practice by【
4、 3】 the power to act on ideas by speaker . The steps to become productive A. Start small, work【 4】 the importance of implementation the comparison between it and the use of muscle a) more failure, less motivation, difficult to solve problems b) start developing it by【 5】 small problems c) the streng
5、th of it increases gradually d) similar process to【 6】 a habit rather than overcoming B. Meanwhile, the importance of accountability and its remedial therapy rebuilding the【 7】 of muscle without assistance differently, people need outside help to gain it again others keep you【 8】 for each action and
6、 give you helpa) they are to be present in your daily life and workb) for instance: partner, family,【 9】 , etc . Conclusion A. A lot of talks about the【 10】 to get things done and implement systems they have memorized B. But serf-discipline remains to be the foundation of living productively. SECTIO
7、N B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to
8、 the interview. 11 How did the interviewer describe Deputy Sheriff Jennifer Fulford-Salvano? （ A） duty and success. （ B） selfless service and heroism. （ C） love and sacrifice. （ D） valor and reputation 12 What happened that morning? （ A） Deputy Sheriff Jennifer Fulford-Salvano was called to a home i
9、nvasion in progress in Orlando. （ B） The 911 call was made by the mother whose eight-year-old boy and 2-year-old twin girls were at home. （ C） The colleague of Deputy Sheriff Jennifer was also shot seven times. （ D） Many other officers had already gone inside when Deputy Sheriff Jennifer arrive 13 W
10、hen did the shooting start? （ A） Right after she went in. （ B） When she found the doors on the car were locked. （ C） When she began checking. （ D） When she walked outside the garage door. 14 What happened to the two robbers who shot at Jennifer at the same time? （ A） One died on the spot and the oth
11、er died in the hospital. （ B） Both died on the spot. （ C） One died on the spot and the other ended up in jail. （ D） One died on the spot and the other escaped, 15 Which of the following statements is NOT true? （ A） Jennifer would call in sick that day if she had known what would happen. （ B） Jennife
12、r was just happy to see the kids were safe. （ C） Jennifer thought it is her job, it is what she was there for to save the three little kids. （ D） Jennifer probably would go there again if it was the same situation because she regarded it as her responsibility. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In
13、 this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 What is the main purpose of the National Book Festival? （ A） To sell more books to children. （ B） To in
14、troduce more writers to readers. （ C） To let people enjoy learning through books. （ D） To let the writers talk about their works. 17 The experts advise that women get （ A） more mammograms. （ B） tested every two years. （ C） tested from age forty. （ D） a Pap test yearly. 18 A Pap test （ A） looks for a
15、bnormal cervical cells. （ B） is better to be tested yearly. （ C） is not advised for girls. （ D） is useless for discovering cancer. 19 College enrollment has reached so high NOT because of （ A） less cost than before. （ B） high unemployment rate. （ C） the economic downturn. （ D） high number of college
16、 eligible people. 20 _have had the greatest enrollment increase. （ A） Two-year colleges （ B） Four-year schools （ C） Training companies （ D） High schools 20 Considering that anxiety makes your palms sweat, your heart race, and your brain seize up like a car with a busted transmission, its no wonder p
17、eople reach for the Xanax to vanquish it. But in a surprise, re- searchers who study emotion regulation-how we cope, or fail to cope, with the dally swirl of feelingsare discovering that many anxious people are bound and determined (though not always consciously) to cultivate anxiety. The reason, st
18、udies suggest, is that for some people anxiety boosts cognitive performance. In one recent study, psychologist Maya Tamir of Hebrew University in Jerusalem gave 47 undergraduates a standard test of neuroticism, which asks people if they agree with such statements as “I get stressed out easily. “ She
19、 then presented the volunteers with a list of tasks, either difficult (giving a speech, taking a test) or easy (washing dishes), and asked which emotion they would prefer to be feeling before each. The more neurotic subjects were significantly more likely to choose feeling worried before a demanding
20、 task; non-neurotic subjects chose other emotions. Apparently, the neurotics had a good reason to opt for anxiety: when Tamir gave everyone anagrams to solve, the neurotics who had just written about an event that had caused them anxiety did better than neurotics who had recalled a happier memory. A
21、mong non-neurotics, putting themselves in an anxious frame of mind had no effect on performance. In other people, anxiety is not about usefulness but familiarity, finds psychology researcher Brett Ford of the University of Denver. She measured the “trait emotions“ (feelings people tend to have most
22、of the time) of 139 undergraduates, using a questionnaire that lists emotions and asks “to what extent you feel this way in general. “ She then grouped the students into those characterized by “trait fear“ (those who tended to be anxious, worried, or nervous), “trait anger“ (chronically angry, irrit
23、ated, or annoyed), and “trait happy“ (the cheerful, joyful gang). Six months later, the volunteers returned to Fords lab. This time she gave them a list of emotions and asked which they wanted to experience. Not surprisingly, the cheerful bunch wanted to be happy. But in a shock for those who think
24、anyone who is chronically anxious cant wait to get their hands on some Ativan (氯羟安定 ), those with “trait fear“ said they wanted to be worried and nervouseven though it felt subjectively unpleasant. (The “trait angry“ students tended to prefer feeling the same way, too. ) Wanting to feel an emotion i
25、s not the same thing as enjoying that emotion, points out neuroscientist Kent Berridge of the University of Michigan, who discovered that wanting and liking are mediated by two distinct sets of neurotransmitters. In some cases, the need to experience anxiety can lead to a state that looks very much
26、like addiction to anxiety. “There are people who have extreme agitation, but they cant understand why,“ says psychiatrist Harris Stratyner of Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York. They therefore latch on to any cause to explain what theyre feeling. That rationalization doubles back and exacerb
27、ates the anxiety. “Some people,“ he adds, “get addicted to feeling anxious because thats the state that theyve always known. If they feel a sense of calm, they get bored; they feel empty inside. They want to feel anxious. “ Notice he didnt say “like. “ 21 The studies of emotion regulation suggest th
28、at （ A） anxiety can cause palms to sweat and hearts to race. （ B） anxiety can be vanquished by Xanax. （ C） anxious people tend to feel uncomfortable. （ D） anxiety can enhance cognitive competence. 22 Which of the following statements about the second paragraph is TRUE? （ A） The more neurotic subject
29、s tended to choose a more challenging task. （ B） Anxiety made no impact on the performance of non-neurotic subjects. （ C） The neurotic subjects are better than non-neurotic subjects on anagrams solving. （ D） The non-neurotic subjects often recall their happy memory in their daily life. 23 The senten
30、ce “anxiety is not about usefulness but familiarity“ in the third paragraph means that （ A） the fact that anxiety is useless is familiar to the neurotics. （ B） anxiety is a psychological tendency for the neurotics. （ C） it is common for people to fall victim to anxiety. （ D） anxiety is a kind of ple
31、asant feeling for the neurotics. 24 Some people are addicted to anxiety because （ A） they consider the state of anxiety as a normal situation. （ B） they enjoy being in the state of feeling anxious. （ C） they have negative attitudes towards life. （ D） anxiety keeps them bored and empty inside. 24 Thi
32、s fishing village of 1,480 people is a bleak and lonely place. Set on the southwestern edge of Iceland, the volcanic landscape is whipped by the North Atlantic winds, which hush everything around them. A sculpture at the entrance to the village depicts a naked man facing a wall of seawater twice his
33、 height. There is no movie theater, and many residents never venture to the capital, a 50-min. drive away. But Sandgerdi might be the perfect place to raise girls who have mathematical talent. Government researchers two years ago tested almost every 15-year-old in Iceland for it and found that boys
34、trailed far behind girls. That fact was unique among the 41 countries that participated in the standardized test for that age group designed by the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development. But while Icelands girls were alone in the world in their significant lead in math, their national
35、 advantage of 15 points was small compared with the one they had over boys in fishing villages like Sandgerdi, where it was closer to 30. The teachers of Sandgerdis 254 students were only mildly surprised by the results. They say the gender gap is a story not of talent but motivation. Boys think of
36、school as sufferings on the way to a future of finding riches at sea; for girls, its their ticket out of town. Margret Ingporsdottir and Hanna Maria Heidarsdottir, both 15, students at Sandgerdis gleaming schoolwhich has a science laboratory, a computer room and a well-stocked libraryhave no doubt t
37、hat they are headed for university. “I think I will be a pharmacist,“ says Heidarsdottir. The teens sat in principal Gudjon Kristjanssons office last week, waiting for a ride to the nearby town of Kevlavik, where they were competing in West Icelands yearly math contest, one of many throughout Icelan
38、d in which girls excel. Meanwhile, by the harbor, Gisli Tor Hauksson, 14, already has big plans that dont require spending his afternoons toiling over geometry. “Ill be a fisherman,“ he says, just like most of his ancestors. His father recently returned home from 60 days at sea off the coast of Norw
39、ay. “He came back with 1. 1 million krona,“ about $18,000, says Hauksson. As for school, he says, “it destroys the brain. “ He intends to quit at 16, the earliest age at which he can do so legally. “A boy sees his older brother who has been at sea for only two years and has a better car and a bigger
40、 house than the headmaster,“ says Kristjansson. But the story of female achievement in Iceland doesnt necessarily have a happy ending. Educators have found that when girls leave their rural enclaves to attend universities in the nations cities, their science advantage generally shrinks. While 61% of
41、 university students are women, they make up only one-third of Icelands science students. By the time they enter the labor market, many are overtaken by men, who become doctors, engineers and computer technicians. Educators say they watch many bright girls suddenly flinch back in the face of real, h
42、ead-to-head competition with boys. In a math class at a Reykjavk school, Asgeir Gurdmundsson, 17, says that although girls were consistently brighter than boys at school, “they just seem to leave the technical jobs to us. “ Says Solrun Gensdottir, the director of education at the Ministry of Educati
43、on, Science and Culture: “We have to find a way to stop girls from dropping out of sciences. “ Teachers across the country have begun to experiment with ways to raise boys to the level of girls in elementary and secondary education. The high school in Kevlavik tried an experiment in 2002 and 2003, s
44、eparating 16-to-20-year-olds by gender for two years. That time the boys slipped even further behind. “The boys said the girls were better anyway,“ says Kristjan Asmundsson, who taught the 25 boys. “They didnt even try. “ 25 Which of the following words can best describe Sandgerdi? （ A） desolate （ B
45、） poor （ C） bustling （ D） thriving 26 According to the passage, the reason why girls do better than boys in math at Sandgerdi is most probably the following EXCEPT （ A） Boys and girls share different incentives in math learning. （ B） The girls are more anxious about their future career. （ C） The boy
46、s consider that fishing doesnt necessarily need math. （ D） The boys spend more time on their part time jobs. 27 The fifth paragraph suggests that in the field of science （ A） women have advantages over men in competition. （ B） women tend to be in a less embarrassing level. （ C） men are playing more
47、important roles. （ D） men are one third less than women in number. 28 Girls flinch back in the competition with boys most probably because （ A） they are short of confidence in themselves. （ B） employers often prefer boys to take technical jobs. （ C） they have poorer performance in technical jobs. （
48、D） they are willing to leave technical jobs to boys. 29 Which of the following is the best title for this passage? （ A） A Village in Iceland （ B） A Land Where Girls Rule in Math （ C） Boys Cleverer Than Girls? （ D） Science Students in Sandgerdi 29 A period of climate change about 130,000 years ago wo
49、uld have made water travel easier by lowering sea levels and creating navigable lakes and rivers in the Arabian Peninsula, the study says. Such a shift would have offered early modern humans-which arose in Africa about 200,000 years agoa new route through the formerly scorching northern deserts into the Middle East. The new paper was spurred by the discovery of several 120,000-year-old tools at a desert archaeological site in the United Arab Emirates. The presence of the toolswhose design is uniquely African, experts sayso earl
