1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 432及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Inflation Inflation, as an economic phenomenon, is a sufficient condition for an increase in price, but n
3、ot a necessary one. The lecturer intends to shed some light on inflation from the following perspectives: I. Significant Periods of Inflation over the Last 400 years A. in the 16th century cause: introduction of (1) (1)_ B. after major wars Napoleonic Wars and World Wars I and II C. from (2) to 1970
4、s (2)_ creeping inflation occurred in America and Western Europe. II. Countries Suffered from Inflation besides the U.S. A. Israel prices of necessities (3) doubled every year. (3)_ B. Argentina prices quadrupled in 1975, and kept increasing. C. (4) (4)_ money as worthless as paper D. Hungary no bet
5、ter than Germany of 1923 after World War II III. Effects of Inflation A. on money management Borrowing gets more appealing than saving. those who suffer: salary man, lenders, (5) savings (5)_ and loan associations those who profit: borrowers B. on investment Money goes to (6) goods and properties. (
6、6)_ purpose: to keep value C. on lifestyle People tend to overdraw (7) in the society for immediate (7)_ happiness IV. Causes of Inflation A. excessive money printed by governments 1. purpose: to offset (8) expenditure and peacetime (8)_ spending 2. result: consumption is stimulated prices are raise
7、d B. special interest groups encouragement 1 .manner to encourage government through (9) power (9)_ 2. result inflationary policies are implemented. C. (10) of common people (10)_ SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the
8、 questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 What does the man do? （ A） He is an actor. （ B） He is a photographer. （ C） He is a director. （
9、D） He is a writer. 12 The man seems to prefer （ A） movie about people. （ B） movie of myth. （ C） action movie. （ D） movie about the Bible. 13 Why does the man do a lot of rehearsals with the actors? （ A） He wants the actors to feel safe and willing to create. （ B） He feels safe by doing these. （ C） H
10、e is afraid that actors may make mistakes without rehearsals. （ D） He does not want many takes. 14 What will the audience probably feel when watching The Tailor of Panama? （ A） Excited. （ B） Happy. （ C） Mysterious. （ D） Sad. 15 Which of the following statements is true about the man? （ A） He often p
11、articipates in writing film scripts. （ B） He sometimes does the camera himself. （ C） He does not like the actors to take risks in acting. （ D） He emphasizes the sense of security. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answe
12、r the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 The political dissident is on a hunger strike to （ A） express his different political view. （ B） call attention of the Cuban state media. （ C） demand the release of ill dissidents. （ D
13、） demand the release of all the jailed dissidents. 17 Brazils commerce with Africa has big investment in all of the following EXCEPT （ A） mining. （ B） agriculture. （ C） manufacturing. （ D） infrastructure development. 18 Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? （ A） Brazil will have more coope
14、ration with Africa. （ B） Brazils commerce with Africa has grown fourfold. （ C） Millions of Brazilians are descendants of Africans. （ D） Brazils influence on Africa is larger and larger. 19 The immediate purpose of the government loan guarantees to the two solar energy companies is （ A） boosting dome
15、stic economy. （ B） creating employment opportunities. （ C） developing new energies. （ D） reducing the nations dependency on fossil fuels. 20 Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? （ A） Green technology is key to Americas economy. （ B） The two companies will create more than 5,000 new jobs.
16、（ C） The biggest solar power generating plant in Arizona could store the energy it generates. （ D） The generating plant in Arizona could cut carbon dioxide emissions more than the amount generated by 90,000 cars a year. 20 Florence Nightingale entered the hospital and was appalled and horrified by w
17、hat she saw. Wounded soldiers lay on straw mats that lined the room like coffins waiting for burial. The floor was covered with dirt and blood. There were no hospital gowns: the men still wore their uniforms. As Nightingale passed them, each soldier tried to act stern and tough, but their boyish fac
18、es betrayed unmistakable pain. Those who were able to conquer their convulsions lay still, as if dead. These were the hospital conditions in Scutari, Turkey during the Crimean War. Florence and a group of nurses were sent to this hospital to help make the hospital a more efficient place. The first c
19、hange Florence made was scrubbing all the injured mens clothes. Then, she spent her own money buying bandages, operating tables and other basic necessities for the hospital. Her nurses cleaned the whole hospital so there were no more germs and this helped to stop contamination and spread of disease.
20、 She is a hero because she changed the hospital and saved lives with her determination and hard work. Florence Nightingale also changed the profession of nursing forever. Nursing was once an occupation with little respect: people didnt think you needed any special training or skills to do it, and mo
21、st nurses were poor and uneducated. It was very unusual for Florence, who came from the upper class, to work in a hospital. The hospital conditions were more sanitary after she reorganized everything. Funds and donations flooded into hospitals and the patients received better care. Hospitals around
22、the world were changed forever and caring for the sick became an honorable profession. Nightingale was born in Florence, Italy on May 12, 1820. Although Italian born, she grew up in London, England where she received her education included the study of Greek, Latin, German, French and Italian. Her f
23、ather taught her history and philosophy, while her governess schooled her in music and drawing. As part of an upper class family, Nightingale and her sister were expected to grow up as proper ladies who would devote themselves to their family, husband, society, entertainment and cultural pursuits. S
24、he was driven by a different dream. She believed that her attraction to nursing was Gods will, or “a calling“, and because of that she made many personal sacrifices to pursue her professional life with intensity. Her family disapproved of her decision to take up the nursing profession, which was see
25、n in her day as a vocation for lower classes, one carried out under harsh conditions in dirty hospital environments. The familys disappointment did not deter her from her goal, and at the age of 33, having studied nursing for nine years, Florence began caring for the sick. In 1853, she was asked to
26、work at the Harley Street Nursing Home. There she made improvements that included better organization and training for the staff, and she implemented a system that piped hot water to every floor. She also created a lift to bring patients their meals. The Crimean War began and the British army was un
27、prepared to accommodate British battle injuries and casualties in Crimea. This led to disasters such as cholera, lack of supplies, and inadequate sanitation. British Secretary of War Sidney Herbert asked Nightingale to take nurses and help the hospital in Scutari, Turkey. On October 21, 1854 she set
28、 out for the hospital with the 38 nurses she had trained. The state of the hospital in Turkey was horrendous, but even more challenging was the hostile attitude the nurses received from the doctors. Many did not even allow nurses inside the wards. It wasnt until the Battle of Inkerman, during which
29、the British suffered many casualties and the hospitals became overcrowded, that the doctors were forced to ask for help. Nightingale used her own money to make the hospital a cleaner, healthier and more efficient place for patients. She brought in basics including bandages, extra clothes, 200 scrub
30、brushes and better food. She also took all the dirty clothing outside the hospital to be washed. She sent reports back to London about ways to improve conditions, and assumed care of the patients at night, moving about each floor comforting patients with a lamp in hand. This intimate relationship wi
31、th her patients earned her the affectionate title of “Lady with the Lamp“. Though the male hospital team often resented her power to affect change, the troops were so grateful to her that they raised a special fund to allow her to continue her work. Through selfless devotion and sheer determination,
32、 Florence Nightingale transformed the profession of nursing forever. She gave dignity and honor to what continues to be a female-dominated profession, and revolutionized hospital conditions, making them more organized and above all, sanitary. Largely because of her efforts, funds and donations flood
33、 into hospitals, allowing patients around the world to receive better care. 21 Which of the following is NOT true about nursing before Nightingale came in this field? （ A） Most nurses were not professionally trained. （ B） People only had respect for the nurses from the upper classes. （ C） Nurses did
34、 not pay enough attention to sanitation. （ D） There were little donations flowing into the hospitals. 22 Nightingale can best be described as a_person. （ A） knowledgeable and creative （ B） pious and kind （ C） versatile and determined （ D） rebellious and brave 23 What was the most difficult part for
35、Nightingales work at the hospital? （ A） There were disasters of cholera. （ B） There were too many injured soldiers. （ C） The financial condition was very bad in the hospital. （ D） There were prejudices and pressure from the hospital. 24 Which of the following statements about Nightingale is true? （
36、A） As the only child of an upper class family, her parents disapproved of her decision to be a nurse. （ B） Nightingale began to learn nursing when she was 24. （ C） Nightingales efforts to reorganize the hospitals were welcomed by both the doctors and the injured soldiers. （ D） Nightingale received a
37、ll her education from her father. 25 Which of the following can be the best title of this passage? （ A） Florence Nightingale at Hospital （ B） Changes to Hospital Made by Nightingale. （ C） Nightingales Contribution to Nursing （ D） Lifesaver Hero Florence Nightingale 25 After thirty years of married h
38、appiness, he could still remind himself that Victoria was endowed with every charm except the thrilling touch of human frailty. Though her perfection discouraged pleasures, especially the pleasures of love, he had learned in time to feel the pride of a husband in her natural frigidity. For he still
39、clung, amid the decay of moral platitudes, to the discredited ideal of chivalry. In youth the world was suffused with the after-glow of the long Victorian age, and graceful feminine style had softened the manners, if not the natures, of men. At the end of that interesting epoch, when womanhood was e
40、xalted from a biological fact into a miraculous power, Virginius Littlepage, the younger son of an old and affluent family, had married Victoria Brooke, the granddaughter of a tobacco planter, who had made a satisfactory fortune by forsaking his plantation and converting tobacco into cigarettes. Whi
41、le Virginius had been trained by stern tradition to respect every woman who had not stooped to folly, the virtue peculiar to her sex was among the least of his reasons for admiring Victoria. She was not only modest, which was usual in the nineties, but she was beautiful, which is unusual in any deca
42、de. In the beginning of their acquaintance he had gone even further and ascribed intellect to her; but a few months of marriage had shown this to be merely one of the many delusions created by perfect features and noble expression. Everything about her had been smooth and definite, even the tones of
43、 her voice and the way her light brown hair, which she wore a Pompadour, was rolled stiffly back from her forehead and coiled in a burnished rope on the top of her head. A serious young man, ambitious to attain a place in the world more brilliant than the secluded seat of his ancestors, he had been
44、impressed at their first meeting by the compactness and precision of Victorias orderly mind. For in that earnest period the minds, as well as the emotions, of lovers were orderly. It was an age when eager young men flocked to church on Sunday morning, and eloquent divines discoursed upon the Victori
45、an poets in the middle of the week. He could afford to smile now when he recalled the solemn Browning class in which he had first lost his heart. How passionately he had admired Victorias virginal features! How fervently he had envied her competent but caressing way with the poet! Incredible as it s
46、eemed to him now, he had fallen in love with her while she recited from the more ponderous passages in The Ring and the Book. He had fallen in love with her then, though he had never really enjoyed Browning, and it had been a relief to him when the Unseen, in company with its illustrious poet, had a
47、t last gone out to fashion. Yet, since he was disposed to admire all the qualities he did not possess, he had never ceased to respect the firmness with which Victoria continued to deal in other forms with the Absolute. As the placid years passed, and she came to rely less upon her virginal features,
48、 it seemed to him that the ripe opinions of her youth began to shrink and flatten as fruit does that has hung too long on the tree. She had never changed, he realized, since he had first known her; she had become merely riper, softer, and sweeter in nature. Her advantage rested where advantage never
49、 fails to rest, in moral fervour. To be invariably right was her single wifely failing. For his wife, he singed, with the vague unrest of a husband whose infidelities are imaginary, was a genuinely good woman. She was as far removed from pretence as she was from the posturing virtues that flourish in the credulous world of the drama. The pity of it was that even the least exacting husband should so often desire something more piquant than goodness. 26 In her husbands eye
