1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 473及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Going Underground Because of the【 1】 _associations with the dark 【 1】 _ underground, living underground i
3、n the future may not seem a good idea. But there are advantages to an underground living. First, the【 2】 _would cease to be a trouble. There 【 2】 _ is no problem of keeping a【 3】 _temperature. So it can 【 3】 _ save much energy. We are also safe from the【 4】 _ 【 4】 _ caused by bad weather. Second, th
4、ere would be no【 5】 _time. As the daylight【 5】 _ is man-made, it could be【 6】 _to meet our needs. 【 6】 _ Third, the【 7】 _stability could be ensured. Human 【 7】 _ habitation damages the wild and【 8】 _many species of 【 8】 _ their natural habitat. Moving underground would turn the Earths surface back t
5、o wilderness and greenery. Fourth, nature would be【 9】 _Instead of a 【 9】 _ withdrawal from the natural world, living underground would make us easier to reach countryside than living above ground. The countryside is just a few hundred yards【 10】 _the 【 10】 _ 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6
6、】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the f
7、ollowing five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 What is the single largest problem facing the healthcare system today? （ A） It is difficult for individuals to maintain their healthcare coverage. （ B） It is uncertain for individuals to maintain their healthcare coverage. （ C） The individuals
8、 cant afford the healthcare cost. （ D） Whether or not the individuals can acquire the healthcare coverage. 12 According to the woman, what is the mans organizations remedy plan basically? （ A） It is a plan to help the poor family. （ B） It is a plan to decrease the healthcare coverage. （ C） It is a p
9、lan for broader coverage than what currently exists, mixture of private and public. （ D） It is a plan to increase the threshold for the healthcare coverage. 13 How many people who are eligible for public programs are NOT on the rolls? （ A） 33 million. （ B） 10 million. （ C） 11 million. （ D） 12 millio
10、n. 14 Whats the problem of the middle income people working generally for small employers? （ A） Losing insurance. （ B） Getting disease. （ C） Losing jobs. （ D） Decreasing incomes. 15 Individuals who find themselves working for a number of employers have been very frustrated because （ A） they dont hav
11、e the coverage. （ B） they dont have that consistency of coverage. （ C） they dont have the eligibility of coverage. （ D） they dont understand why they lose the coverage. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the quest
12、ions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 Who was taken hostage in one of Brazils most dangerous jails? （ A） The prisoners relatives. （ B） The prisoners friends. （ C） The officials of the jail. （ D） The guards of the jail. 17 According t
13、o the news, the incident happened mainly because of （ A） the maltreatment of the inmates. （ B） the poor living conditions. （ C） the transfer of a gang leader. （ D） the sentence of a murderer. 17 Suppose you go into a fruiters shop, wanting an apple-you take up one, and on biting it you find it is so
14、ur; you look at it, and see that it is hard and green. You take up another one, and that, too, is hard, green, and sour. The shopman offers you a third; but before biting it, you examine it, and you find that it is hard and green, and you immediately say that you will not have it, as it must be sour
15、, like those that you have already tried. Nothing can be simpler than that, you think; but if you will take the trouble to analyze and trace out into its logical elements what has been done by the mind, you will be greatly surprised. In the first place you have performed that operation of induction.
16、 You find that, in two experiences, hardness and greenness in apples went together with sourness. It was so in the first ease, and it was confirmed by the second. True, it is a very small basis, but still it is enough from which to make the induction; you generalize the facts, and you expect to find
17、 sourness in apples where you get hardness and greenness. You found upon that a general law, that all hard and green apples are sour; and that, so far as it goes, is a perfect induction. Well, having got your natural law in this way, when you are offered another apple which you find is hard and gree
18、n, you say, “All hard and green apples are sour; this apple is hard and green; therefore, this apple is sour. “That train of reasoning is what logicians call a syllogism, and has all its various parts and terra-its major premises, its minor premises, and its conclusion. And, by the help of further r
19、easoning, which, if drawn out, would have to be exhibited in two or three other syllogisms, you arrive at your final determination. “I will not have that apple.“ So that, you see, you have, in the first place, established a law by induction, and reasoned out the special particular case Well now, sup
20、pose, having got your conclusion of the law, that at sometime afterwards, you are discus- sing the qualities of apple with a friend; you will say to him, “It is a very curious thing, but I find that all hard and green apples are sour!“ Your friend says to you, “But how do you know that?“ You at once
21、 reply, “Oh, because I have tried them over and over again, and have always found them to be so,“ Well, if we were talking science instead of common sense, we should call that an experimental verification. And, if still opposed, you go further, and say, “I have heard from people in Somersetshire and
22、 Devonshire, where a large number of apples are grown, and in London, where many apples are sold and eaten, that they have observed the same thing. It is also found to be the case in Normandy, and in North America. In short, I find the universal experience of mankind wherever attention had been dire
23、cted to the subject.“ Whereon your friend, unless he is a very unreasonable man, agrees with you, and is convinced that you are quite fight in the conclusion you have drawn. He believes, although perhaps he does not know he believes it, that the more extensive verifications have been made, the more
24、results of the same kind are arrived at-that the more varied the conditions under which the same re-suits are attained, the more certain is the ultimate conclusion, and he disputes the question no further. He sees that the experiment has been tried under all sorts of conditions, as to time, place, a
25、nd people, with the same result; and he says to you, therefore, that the law you. have laid down must be a good one, and he must believe it. (654) 18 The writer is probably _. （ A） French （ B） English （ C） American （ D） Italian 19 Apples are used _. （ A） in order to convince the reader that fruit ha
26、s no intellect （ B） to illustrate the subject of the passage （ C） to give color to the story （ D） to show how foolish logic is 20 The author has the approach of a(n) _. （ A） scientist （ B） artist （ C） novelist （ D） economist 21 The underlined term “natural law“ as it appears in the middle of the sec
27、ond paragraph refers to _. （ A） common sense （ B） the “honor system“ （ C） the result of an induction （ D） the order of nature 22 Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? （ A） Discovering the Natural Laws of Apples. （ B） The Use of Induction. （ C） Experimental Verification as a
28、n Adjunct to Reasoning. （ D） The Logic of Everyday Reasoning. 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. 23 The three great Germanic tribes: the Anglos, the_and the Jutes, which invaded Britain,
29、 form the basis of the modern British people. （ A） Saxons （ B） Scots （ C） Welsh （ D） Essex 24 _is regarded as the father of modern American poetry. （ A） T.S. Eliot （ B） Robert Frost （ C） Ezra Pound （ D） William Faulkner 25 _refers to the learning and development of a language. （ A） Language acquisit
30、ion （ B） Language comprehension （ C） Language production （ D） Language instruction 26 A traditional food enjoyed by Americans during Thanksgiving Day is_. （ A） steamed bun （ B） roast turkey （ C） roast duck （ D） fried fish 27 Sapir-Whorfs hypothesis meditate on the relationship between _. （ A） langua
31、ge and thought （ B） mind and speech （ C） language and society （ D） society and thought 28 _was the first to set out, both in theory and practice, to write specifically a “comic epic in prose“, the first to give the modern novel its structure and style. （ A） Henry Fielding （ B） Daniel Defoe （ C） Jona
32、than Swift （ D） Jane Austen 29 Of the following four types of music, _ is considered the native American music. （ A） rock and roll （ B） jazz （ C） classical music （ D） western and country music 30 _is known as “the poets poet“. （ A） Shakespeare （ B） Marlowe （ C） Spenser （ D） Donne 31 Which of the fol
33、lowing parties is NOT British? （ A） Conservative Party. （ B） Labour Party. （ C） Liberal Party. （ D） Democratic Party. 32 George Gordon Byron was famous for the following works except_. （ A） Child Harolds Pilgrimage （ B） Queen Mab （ C） Hours of Idleness （ D） Don Juan 二、 PART IV PROOFREADING also many
34、 argue that it can improve their competence. Whats your opinion? Write an essay of about 400 words on the topic. You should supply a title for your article. In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with
35、 appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Write your composition on ANSWER S
36、HEET FOUR. 专业英语八级模拟试卷 473答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the min
37、i-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 【听力原文】 Going Underground Hello, everybody! Todays lecture is about a bold new idea going underg
38、round to live a life in the future. At first thought, it may not seem a pleasant suggestion. We have so many evil associations with the underground. In our myths and legends, the underground is the realm of evil spirits and of the dead, because dead bodies are always buried underground. And the volc
39、anic eruptions make the underground appear to be a hellish place of fire and noxious gases. It seems to be the place of an after life of torment. However, after we explore all the advantages of living underground, it may seem to be a rather appealing idea. The first advantage to an underground life
40、is that weather would no longer be important. Rain, snow, fog, hurricane, all these things are only phenomena of the atmosphere, they would not trouble the underground world. Even temperature variations are limited to the aboveground world and would not exist underground. Whether day or night, summe
41、r or winter, temperatures in the underground world would remain nearly constant. The vast amounts of energy now expended in warming our surface surroundings when they are too cold, and cooling them when they are too warm, could be saved. And also the damage done to man-made structures and to human b
42、eings by weather would be gone. Second, local time would no longer be important. On the surface, there is always the natural and unavoidable shift between day and night. It could not be avoided that when it is morning in one place, it is noon, evening or even midnight in other places. The rhythm of
43、human life therefore varies from place to place. While in underground, there is no externally produced day. It is artificial lighting that produces the day and this could be adjusted to suit mans convenience. The whole world could be on an 8-hour shift, starting and ending at the same time. This is
44、quite significant for businesses and public institutions. In a highly mobile world, the universal time shift would save travelers lots of troubles. Air transportation over long distances would no longer have to bring about “jet lag.“ Travelers landing on another coast or another continent would find
45、 the time of the place they reach exactly the same as at home. Third, the ecological structure could be stabilized. To a certain extent, it is mankind that makes the earth overcrowded. It is not only his enormous numbers that take up room; more so, it is all the structures he builds to house himself
46、 and his machines, to make possible his transportation and communication, to offer him rest and recreation. All these things distort the wild, depriving many species of plants and animals of their natural habitat. If the works of man were removed below ground, man would still occupy the surface with
47、 his farms, his forest, his observation towers, his air terminals and so on, but the extent of that occupation would be enormously decreased. Indeed, as the underground world becomes increasingly elaborate, even food could be supplied through hydroponic growth in artificially illuminated areas under
48、ground. The Earths surface might be increasingly turned over to park and to wilderness, maintained at ecological stability. Fourth, nature would be closer. It might seem that to go underground is to withdraw from the natural world, but would that be so? Would the withdrawal be more complete than it
49、is now? Look at what we have now: We are working in crowded buildings that are often windowless and artificially conditioned; even where there are windows, and if one bothers to look up from his work and look out of the window, what is there to see? Mostly man-made buildings spread all the way to the horizon. And to get away from the city, to reach the real countr
