1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 531及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Introduction Linguistics has both practical and philosophical motivations. So both, the first and second
3、editions of this text were directed toward students of 【 1】 _. many 【 1】 _. This third edition continues and further develops this approach. We have aimed to dispel a number of myths about language and to discuss the various aspects of language from both an 【 2】 _and cur- 【 2】_. rent point of view.
4、Part one is “The Nature of Human Language. “Then we discuss speech sounds or 【 3】 _and includes a passage on machines 【 3】_. that “talk” and “understand”. On phonology we demonstrate how sounds form 【 4】 _. Because 【 4】_. of this, written forms of language are very late in the history of human lan-
5、guage. Then we discuss other 【 5】 _ aspects of language how words 【 5】_. are formed; what words, phrases, and sentences mean; and how words are put together to form sentences. Morphology, semantics, syntax are very im- portant in our discussion and take an important role. In “Social Aspects of Langu
6、age, “we consider language in 【 6】 _ 【 6】_. and how languages change over time. In “The 【 7】 _ Aspects of Lan- 【 7】_. guage, “we talk about child language, animal communication systems and 【 8】_. brain 【 8】 _ underlying language knowledge and use. Also, the 【 9】 _ languages of the deaf are discussed
7、 in greater 【 9】_. detail. The newest findings on whether chimpanzees and gorillas can learn language are presented. In every lesson the 【 10】 underlying the di- 【 10】_. versity of phenomena observed in human language are highlighted. 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10
8、 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.
9、Now listen to the interview. 11 Which of the following is true? （ A） Andrew prefers filling the bad tooth to taking it out. （ B） Jackie prefers to have the bad tooth filled rather than pulled. （ C） Neither Andrew nor Jackie likes to have a tooth filled. （ D） Jackie and Andrew would rather have a too
10、th filled. 12 Jackie complained that nobody was doing anything to_. （ A） prevent people from having trouble with teeth （ B） stop teeth from falling out （ C） put men on the moon （ D） transplant hearts and other organs 13 According to the context tooth transplanting_. （ A） will not be realized in the
11、near future （ B） is still at a trial period （ C） is but a dream （ D） has been widely practiced 14 Why did Jackie think Andrew was making up the story? （ A） She was sure Andrew was joking. （ B） She had never heard about it. （ C） She thought it totally impossible. （ D） It had never been mentioned anyw
12、here. 15 This dialogue is mainly about_. （ A） Andrews toothache （ B） teeth made of plastics （ C） tooth transplanting （ D） the Georgetown University Hospital SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that fo
13、llow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 According to the United Nations, nearly _ people are homeless because of the floods in Pakistan. （ A） 4,000 （ B） 140,000 （ C） 400,000 （ D） 40,000 17 Many _ are living in school buildings or in makeshift road
14、side shelters. （ A） teachers and students （ B） elder people （ C） women and children （ D） homeless people 17 Yesterday, when Lil Kim was sentenced to a year and a day in prison for lying to a grand jury, it seemed like more proof that rappers just can t stay out of jail. The conventional wisdom is th
15、at for hip-hop stars, theres a connection between crime and credibility. Every time some rapper poses for a mug shot, there is a chorus of commentators ready to declare that its all a publicity stunt. The sentencing of Lil Kim comes after two months when two rappers faced more serious charges. On Ju
16、ne 17 the Philadelphia rapper Cassidy turned himself in to the police, who were looking for him as a suspect in a shooting that killed one man and wounded two others. Less than two weeks later, Cassidys second album, “I m a Hustla“, arrived in stores; it makes its debut at No. 5 on this weeks Billbo
17、ard album chart. And in May, the emerging Atlanta rapper Gucci Mane surrendered in connection with the slaying of a rapper from Macon, Ga., named Pookie Loc; the arrest came the same day as the release of his new album, “Trap House“ (Big Cat). Gucci Mane, who was jailed, has said that the killing wa
18、s self-defense and has suggested that Pookie Loc was connected to his foe and former collaborator Young Jeezy, from the Atlanta group Boyzn da Hood, which released its thrilling self-titled debut album on June 21; Jeezys highly anticipated solo debut is due on July 26. Its clear that many rappers fi
19、nd themselves embroiled in violence, but it s also clear that Radric Davis had plenty to worry about even before he became a Southern sensation named Gucci Mane: he had previously been convicted on cocaine charges. And while a high-profile arrest certainly wont scare off hip-hop fans, it wont usuall
20、y drive them to the record shops, either. Billboard said the arrest gave Gucci Mane a “big boost on the charts,“ but in fact his album made its debut at No. 101. Thats not a very strong showing, especially considering the popularity of Gucci Manes breakout hit, “Icy,“ a regional favorite that became
21、 a BET favorite, too. The strange truth is that being arrested or going to prisoneven for murderisnt likely to have much effect on a rapper s reputation. When Lil Kim makes her inevitable return, she11 inevitably have some rhymes about her time inside. But although some fans might admire her for not
22、 testifying against her friends (in hip-hop, as elsewhere, loyalty counts for a lot), it is by no means clear that jail will help her career. For a rapper, having your name printed in the police blotter is likely merely to reinforce whatever perceptions fans already have. 18 The Philadelphia rapper
23、Cassidy_ （ A） released his first album after his arrest. （ B） was arrested and hence the sale of his album sharply declined. （ C） delivered himself to the police. （ D） was caught by the police. 19 The arrest of Gucci Mane_ （ A） will scare off the fans. （ B） will drive them to the stores to buy his a
24、lbum. （ C） both A and B （ D） neither A nor B 20 After reading the passage, we learn that_ （ A） the author believes that crime will certainly promote the rappers album. （ B） the conventional wisdom of crimes connection with credibility is always true. （ C） being put into jail will not necessarily hel
25、p a rappers career. （ D） being put into jail may change the perceptions fans already have. 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. 21 The Celts were different groups of ancient people who cam
26、e originally from_. （ A） Spain （ B） Britain （ C） Germany （ D） France 22 Even today the British royal assent to law is still written in_“le roi le veut“. （ A） English （ B） Welsh （ C） Latin （ D） French 23 The 18th century was considered to be an Age of_and Revolution in American Literature. （ A） Reaso
27、n （ B） Science （ C） Nature （ D） Religion 24 The sentence “Shall I compare thee to a summers day?“ is the beginning of one of Shakespeares （ A） sonnets. （ B） comedies. （ C） tragedies. （ D） histories. 25 “Underprivileged people“ is often used by the mass media as a substitute for “poor people“. Lingui
28、stimlly, the former is referred to as a(n) _. （ A） linguistic taboo （ B） slangy expression （ C） high-sounding expression （ D） euphemism 26 Which of the following sound combinations is permissible in English? （ A） Kibl. （ B） Bkil. （ C） Ilkb. （ D） llbk. 27 One of Nathaniel Hawthornes masterpieces is （
29、 A） The Scarlet Letter. （ B） The Fall of the House of Usher. （ C） Note of a Native Son. （ D） The Streetcar Named Desire. 28 _ is recognized as the longest river in Britain. （ A） The Thames River （ B） The Amazon River （ C） The Severn River （ D） The Rhine River 29 It is taken as a great contribution m
30、ade by _ that languages in the world are classified into different language families according to their genetic relations. （ A） modem linguists （ B） traditional grammarians （ C） sociolinguists （ D） historical linguists 30 Speech Act Theory was first proposed by_. （ A） John Searle （ B） Norm Chomsky （
31、 C） De Saussure （ D） John Austin 二、 PART IV PROOFREADING young adults meet their future spouses through other friends, at jobs, and organizations and religious institutions, Although children choose their 5._ own spouses, they still hope their parents will approve their choices. 6._ In many families
32、, parents feel that children should make major life decisions by themselves. A parent may try to influence a child to do 7. _ a particular profession but the child is free to choose another career. Sometimes children do precisely the opposite of what their parents wish in order to assert their depen
33、dence. And sometimes a son may deliberately 8. _ decide not to go to his fathers business because of a fear that he will lose 9._ his autonomy in his fathers workplace. This independence from parents is not an indication that parents and children do not love each other. Strong love between parents a
34、nd children is universal and this is no exception in the American family. Coexisting with such love in the American family is 10. _ cultural values of self reliance and independence. SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH Directions: Translate the following text into English. 41 踏进美国的领土，作为一个外国人受到友好亲切的接待，手续既简便
35、而且又不必交费，办事干净利落，不能不令人心里感到暖洋洋的。我曾听说，在美国的社会里，黑人将会成为美国发展中的一个隐患，然而我所遇到的几个年轻男女黑人，都性格开朗，对人热情，常常开怀大笑，乐观的天性，很富于感染力，给我很深的印象。人际的隔阂本来就是人们自身造成的，或许歧视和偏见也是人为的阻碍吧 ! SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese. 42 The writers conference is a peculiarly American institution, com
36、bining an ethic of self- reliance anti self-improvement with the sunny conviction that all things worth having can be bought or taught. Writers conferences, like the M. F.A. programs and other writing courses that have spread in American universities since the middle of the 20th centurythere are now
37、 upwards of two hundred and fifty of themare predicated on the principle that the ability to write does not depend solely upon God-given talent but can be acquired. The price of a Bread Loaf education is eighteen hundred dollars for tuition and room and board, though about a third of the students re
38、ceive scholarships. The most celebrated writers program in the country, the Iowa Writers Workshop, established the industry s ruling metaphor, which is that writing is something like wood-working: you put on your apron, roll up your sleeves, and practice your craft. Iowa has also helped popularize a
39、n unfortunate neologism, “workshop“ as a transitive verb, the use of which is endemic to a place like Bread Loaf (for example, the sentence “My writers group workshopped the hell out of this poem, but I still have to resolve some enjambment issues“. ) 三、 PART VI WRITING (45 MIN) Directions: Write a
40、composition of about 400 words on the following topic. 43 Love is the most wonderful thing in the world. People always hope to own the perfect love. Here comes the question: Do you believe there is such a thing called “The Perfect Love“? You are asked to write a composition of about 400 words on the
41、 following topic: Does the perfect love exist? In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion with a s
42、ummary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Write your essay on the ANSWER SHEET. 专业英语八级模拟试卷 531答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You
43、 will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to
44、complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 【听力原文】 Introduction Since antiquity interest in linguistis-the study and science of human language-has had both practical and philosophical motivations. From a practical side, linguistics can provide a theoreti
45、cal basis for variety of practical applications. To name a few, these applications include the treatment of language disorders such as aphasia or reading problems the planning of “language arts“ curricula in the schools, the fight against illiterarcy in many nations of the world, the development of
46、automatic, computer-generated speech productional recognition, the learning of foreign languages, and the simplification of legal language. Philosophical interests have also spurred language study, because from earliest times language has been considered a mirror of the mind. For these reasons both
47、the first and second editions of this text were directed toward students of many disciplines. This book is used in courses for nonlinguisties as well as linguistics students, for major in computer science and English, in speech pathology and anthropology, in communications studies and philosophy. Th
48、is third edition continues and further develops this approach, h does, however, reflect new thinking is the field as well as a reorganization of material. We have aimed to dispel a number of myths about language and to discuss the various aspects of language from both an historical and current point of view. Part One, lesson one, “The Nature of Human language,“ is concerned with questions such as: What is language? What is a grammar? What is the origin of language? What it is you know when you know English, Zulu, Twi, Cherokee, Eskimu, Spanish, Russian, and
