1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 533及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Basic Cultural Types As business goes global, businessmen have come to find the people in different cultu
3、res act quite differently, and that only when they can deal with cultural issues properly can they expect a business success. It is very important to understand different types of culture in order to success in 1 _. 【 1】 _. Four-factor framework to define and classify national culture. Individualism
4、 vs. Collectivism Individualism emphasizes 2 _, 【 2】 _. but collectivism emphasizes sacrificing personal needs. In an individualist culture, decision making may be quick, but its 3 may be slow.【 3】_. But the opposite is true in a collectivist culture. High vs. Low Power Distance Power distance refer
5、s to how people view power and their own role in decision making. In a culture with low power distance, employees will seek 4 _. 【 4】 _. in making decisions, and will be unwilling in accepting decisions they have made no contribution to. But in a culture with high power distance, employees will 5 mo
6、st decisions made by their boss. 【 5】 _. High vs. Low Avoidance of Uncertainty Avoidance of uncertainty refers to a societys ability m tolerate 6 . 【 6】 _. In a culture of high uncertainty avoidance people tend to give up individual freedom for 7 . 【 7】 _. In a culture of low uncertainty avoidance,
7、people may 8 more often. 【 8】 _. Masculinity vs. Femininity This refers to whether a society shows more male or female features. Societies with masculine values show much aggressiveness and assertiveness, and value material success. Societies with feminine values emphasize 9 , and quality of life. 【
8、 9】 _. In a feminine culture, the pace of business is slow and calm, and depends more on personal relationships. In a masculine culture, business is efficient, and people plan to enjoy 10【 10】 _. rather than present working day. 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】
9、 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now li
10、sten to the interview. 11 Prof. Adler mentioned an illustration of beefsteak in order to prove （ A） the importance of eating a beefsteak. （ B） eating eggs and toast is important for learning another language. （ C） learning another language is as easy as eating eggs and toast. （ D） full ownership of
11、a book comes only when one marks it up. 12 Marking up a book helps in reading EXCEPT （ A） it keeps the reader wide awake. （ B） it enhances thinking. （ C） it helps people remember the thoughts they had. （ D） it keeps the reader merely conscious. 13 Gone with the Wind is supposed to be read （ A） in a
12、state of relaxation. （ B） in the most active way of which you are capable. （ C） with the aim of accomplishing something. （ D） with a view to answer great fundamental questions. 14 Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? （ A） Reading a book is like a conversation between you and the author. （
13、 B） A reader is supposed to be solely on the receiving end. （ C） The learner is supposed to question himself and the teacher as well. （ D） Marking a book is an expression of ones opinion with the author. 15 Prof. Adler mentioned the following ways of marking up a book EXCEPT （ A） underlining. （ B） v
14、ertical lines at the margin. （ C） Star, asterisk, or other doodad. （ D） copying of key words and phrases. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be giv
15、en 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 What is the main idea of the news item? （ A） Photosynthesis accelerates a chemical reaction. （ B） Artificial leaf turns sunlight into electric power. （ C） Hydrogen joins with carbon dioxide to make sugar. （ D） Sunlight splits water molecules into hydrogen an
16、d oxygen. 17 According to Nocera, a commercial version of the artificial leaf will （ A） be on the market within three years （ B） increase the overall electrical output （ C） replace the present source of electricity （ D） be marketed to the developing countries 17 American Indian Movement (AIM) is an
17、organization devoted to promoting cultural awareness and political self-determination for Native Americans. AIM seeks recognition of treaty rights in accordance with agreements between Native American tribes and the United States government. The organization also supports Native American education a
18、nd cultural programs. AIM is best known for its confrontational political demonstrations during the late 192s and 1970s. AIM was founded in 1968 in Minneapolis, Minnesota, in response to complaints by Native American residents about police brutality. Members of the organization began to monitor poli
19、ce behavior. As the group gained strength, they also started to lobby for improved city services for the many Native Americans living in run-down tenant apartments, and they developed survival schools where Native American youths could be taught about their culture. Over the next four years, AIM exp
20、anded throughout the country, forming 40 chapters in cities and on reservations. AIM leaders, such as Dennis Banks and Russell Means, became well- known spokesmen for Native American rights. AIM participated in a number of high-profile demonstrations from the late 192s through the late 1970s. From N
21、ovember 1969 to June 1971, AIM members participated in a 19-month occupation of Alcatraz Island, site of an abandoned federal prison in San Francisco Bay. The protest was intended to draw attention to the poor conditions of Native American reservations throughout the United States. The protesters pr
22、oposed establishing a center for Native American studies on the island. Another group of Native Americans, allied with AIM, occupied a surplus military facility in Davis, California, beginning in October 194. These actions resulted in the establishment of Native American-controlled D-Q University in
23、 Davis in 1971. D-Q University is named for Deganawidah, an Iroquois prophet, and Quetzelcoatl, the Aztec god of peace and civilization. AIM staged many demonstrations to protest the U.S. governments treatment of Native Americans and the loss of their ancestral lands. In 1970 organization members pa
24、rticipated in an occupation of a portion of Mount Rushmore National Monument in the Black Hills of South Dakota. Two years later, AIM members staged a Thanksgiving Day protest at Plymouth, Massachusetts, where the Pilgrims had landed in 1620, and briefly occupied a replica of the Pilgrim ship, the M
25、ayflower. AIM played a critical role in organizing the 1972 “Trail of Broken Treaties“. Native American protesters converged on Washington, D.C., just before the presidential election in November. Marchers met with government officials at the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA. to present a 20-point prog
26、ram of demands. With police massed outside, marchers took over the BIA building and renamed it the “Native American Embassy“. The occupation ended after authorities agreed to appoint a committee to study the demands and not to arrest the protesters. The next major AIM action was the 1973 occupation
27、of the town of Wounded Knee, the site of an infamous massacre of Native Americans by U.S. troops in 1890. Invited by tribal elders to protest a corrupt tribal government, AIM members and local allies took over the tiny hamlet. They were soon surrounded by agents from the Federal Bureau of Investigat
28、ion (FBI), U.S. marshals, and the BIA police. The ensuing siege lasted for 70 days and ended in a standoff. A committee was appointed to examine the grievances that had led to the occupation, but no official action was ever taken. AIM began to splinter apart. The organizations national office closed
29、 in 1975, and all national officer positions were dissolved in 1979. Although AIM staged “The Longest Walk“, a 1978 march from California to Washington, D)C), to protest bills introduced to the U.S. Congress that would reduce or abolish Native American treaty rights, the group foundered without nati
30、onal leadership. The 1990s have seen a modest revival of the organization. In 1992 local AIM chapters protested the celebrations marking the 500-year anniversary of Columbuss first voyage to America. At a 1993 conference in New Mexico, 16 local AIM groups organized themselves as the Confederation of
31、 Autonomous AIM Chapters. 18 Why was AIM founded in 1968? （ A） Because the Native American needed their own activity center. （ B） Because of the polices bad and rude behaviour towards the Native American. （ C） Because the Native American was segregated. （ D） Because the American government realized
32、the Native Americans terrible living conditions. 19 Why did AIM organize a number of demonstrations from the late 192s through the late 1970s? （ A） To demonstrate their power and show their determination to fight against the government. （ B） To draw public attention to the poor conditions of Native
33、American reservations throughout the United States and to protest the U.S. government s treatment of Native Americans and the loss of their ancestral lands. （ C） To appeal to the people to invest more money on the Native American. （ D） To protest the Vietnam War. 20 According to the passage, which o
34、f the following statement is NOT true? （ A） AIM chiefly organized the 1972 “Trail of Broken Treaties“. （ B） The next major AIM action was the 1973 occupation of the town of Wounded Knee, the site of a bad-reputation massacre of Native Americans by U.S. troops in 1890. （ C） AIM began to splinter apar
35、t during 1970s. （ D） The 1990s have seen a severe revival of the organization. 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. 21 The Tories were the forerunners of （ A） the Conservative Party. （ B）
36、the Labour Party. （ C） the Social Democratic Party. （ D） the Liberal Party. 22 Language change is （ A） universal, continuous and to a large extent, regular and systematic. （ B） continuous, regular, systematic, but not universal. （ C） universal, continuous, but not regular and systematic. （ D） always
37、 regular and systematic, but not universal and continuous. 23 Who prepared the draft of the Declaration of Independence? （ A） John Adams. （ B） Thomas Jefferson. （ C） Benjamin Franklin. （ D） John Hancock. 24 The largest city in Canada is_. （ A） Toronto （ B） Montreal （ C） Vancouver （ D） Quebec City 25
38、 _does not belong to “Lake Poets“. （ A） Blake （ B） Wordsworth （ C） Southey （ D） Coleridge 26 The original American flag contains 13 horizontal stripes and 13 white stars arranged _to symbolize unity and equality of those colonies. （ A） in a circle （ B） in rows （ C） between the stripes （ D） above the
39、 first stripe 27 _ means that language can be used to refer to the contexts that are removed from the immediate situation of the speaker, especially, time and space. （ A） Creativity （ B） Duality （ C） Arbitrariness （ D） Displacement 28 By advancing the theory of _, Bacon showed the new empirical atti
40、tutes toward truth about nature and bravely challenged the medieval scholasticists. （ A） inductive reasoning （ B） deductive reasoning （ C） education （ D） scientific experimentation 29 Tower of London used to be a _. （ A） supermarket （ B） park （ C） prison （ D） garden 30 Death of a Salesman was writte
41、n by _. （ A） Arthur Miller （ B） Ernest Hemingway （ C） Ralph Ellison （ D） James Baldwin 二、 PART IV PROOFREADING when one of the gentle men, cocking his hat, and assuming such an air of importance as if he had possessed all the merit of the English nation in his own person, declared that the Dutch wer
42、e a parcel of avaricious wretches? the French a set of flattering sycophants; that the Germans were drunken sots, and beastly gluttonss and the Spaniards proud, haughty, and surly tyrants; but that in bravery, generosity, clemency, and in every other virtue, the English excelled all the rest of the
43、world. 三、 PART VI WRITING (45 MIN) Directions: Write a composition of about 400 words on the following topic. 43 As you know, science has had great effect on our lives since the ancient time. Nowadays science has a closer relation with our life. Whats the latest development in science and technology
44、 and how does it affect out lives. Write an essay of a- bout 400 words on the following topic: THE EFFECT OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ON OUR LIVES In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate
45、 details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET FOUR. 专业英语八级模拟试卷
46、533答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the le
47、cture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 【听力原文】 Basic Cultural Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. I was told that most of you are either engaged or interes
48、ted in business, and your participation in this series of lectures indicates that all of you may have realized the importance of culture to success in international business. As our lecture today is the first one, we are going to briefly look at some basic types of culture. The Dutch researcher and
49、business consultant. Geert Hofstede, has developed a useful framework that illustrates the four major issues that define and classify national cultures. Facts show that each issue has a very real effect on how people process information and interact, either personally or with business colleagues. During the remaining part of the lecture, lets explore these issues one
