1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 571 及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture
2、. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Good Writing Educators in English-speaking countries have developed a set of basic characteristics of go
3、od English writing unity, (1)_, emphasis, development and clarity. Here, a different set of concepts are introduced: 1. Good writing is good thinking: It should be (2)_.having something insightful to say about the topic. It is not simply (3)_. It may 1) enlighten you or (4)_the subject; 2) make you
4、feel something similar; 3) make you feel exactly (5)_. 2. Good writing Involves thoughtful (6)_: It is the result of 99% of hard work and 1 % of inspiration. 3. Good writing is directed toward an audience; The audience determines 1) diction and sentence structure; 2) the sentence length and patterns
5、; 3) the overall (7)_; 4) details that should be included. 4. Good writing achieves a clear (8)_: 5. Good writing expresses ideas clearly: It reflects good thinking, which should be put into precise, (9) _, and lucid articles. For non-native speakers of English, clear expre ssion involves being (10)
6、_. SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now
7、listen to the interview. 11 Mr Fischer believes that_ （ A） those gloomy forecasts is about to become true （ B） EU enlargement and its Constitution must be carried out at the same time （ C） EU people will accept the Constitution calmly （ D） Constitution must be ratified by 15 EU country 12 Fischer do
8、esnt agree with the critics, because he believe the constitution brings benefit for EU except that_ （ A） the decisions can be taken more easily. （ B） EUs relationship to the member states is dearly regulated （ C） the voting procedures in the European Council have become more elaborate （ D） the role
9、of the Commission President has been defined. 13 According to Fischer, what is the most important thing about the EU Constitution? （ A） The Tax Articles in the Basic Law （ B） The procedures are becoming clear （ C） The threat of terrorism （ D） The fundamental rights have been defined clearly. 14 Fisc
10、her pointed out that_. （ A） EU people are hostile to Constitution （ B） EU has dual nature which would be preserved for a long time （ C） the Greens just did the fight thing in attracting citizen （ D） the EU Parliament should elect the Commission President from its own ranks 15 Which statement is not
11、true? （ A） In Fischers opinion, EU Constitution will resolve many problems remained unresolved for ten years （ B） EU Constitution will make the EU more effective （ C） Core Europe can be used to describe the present EU （ D） Fischer now is a Foreign Minister SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In thi
12、s section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 Which of the following statements about the US trade is TRUE? （ A） The gap between its import and export na
13、rrowed. （ B） The Commerce Department shows great concern. （ C） What it imports has outnumbered what it exports. （ D） Only the government concerns about the trade deficit. 17 The United States trade deficit is a political problem because congressmen think （ A） American people feel lost for the trade
14、deficit. （ B） American job opportunities are taken away by others. （ C） American people will lose their prestige and privileges. （ D） there is a fierce competition between America and Asian countries. 17 Chancing to take a memorable walk by moonlight some years ago, I resolved to take more such walk
15、s, and make acquaintance with another side of Nature: I have done so. Is not the midnight like Central Africa to most of us? Are we not tempted to explore it, to penetrate to the shores of its Lake Tchad, and discover the source of its Nile, perchance the Mountains of the Moon? Who knows what fertil
16、ity and beauty, moral and natural, are there to be found? In the Mountains of the Moon, in the Central Africa of the night, there is where all Niles have their hidden heads. The expeditions up the Nile as yet extend but to the Cataracts, or perchance to the mouth of the White Nile; but it is the Bla
17、ck Nile that concerns us. I shall be a benefactor, if I conquer some realms from the night, if I report to the gazettes anything transpiring about us at that season worthy of their attention, if I can show men that there is some beauty awake while they are asleep, if I add to the domains of poetry.
18、Night is certainly more novel and less profane than day. I soon discovered that I was acquainted only with its complexion; and as for the moon, I had seen her only as it were through a crevice in a shutter, occasionally. Why not walk a little way in her light? Suppose you attend to the suggestions w
19、hich the moon makes for one month, commonly in vain, will it not be very different from anything in literature or religion? But why not study this Sanscrit? What if one moon has come and gone, with its world of poetry, its weird teachings, its oracular suggestions, so divine a creature freighted wit
20、h hints for me, and I have not used her? One moon gone by unnoticed? I think it was Dr. Chalmers who said, criticizing Coleridge, that for his part he wanted ideas which he could see all round, and not such as he must look at away up in the heavens. Such a man, one would say, would never look at the
21、 moon, because she never turns her other side to us. The light which comes from ideas which have their orbit as distant from the earth, and which is no less cheering and enlightening to the benighted traveler than that of the moon and stars, is naturally reproached or nicknamed as moonshine by such.
22、 They are moonshine, are they? Well, then, do your night-traveling when there is no moon to light you; but I will be thankful for the light that reaches me from the star of least magnitude. Stars are lesser or greater only as they appear to us so. I will be thankful that I see so much as one side of
23、 a celestial idea, one side of the rainbow and the sunset sky. Men talk glibly enough about moonshine, as if they knew its qualities very well, and despised them; as owls might talk of sunshine, None of your sunshine! but this word commonly means merely something which they do not understand, which
24、they are abed and asleep to, however much it may be worth their while to be up and awake to it. It must be allowed that the light of the moon, sufficient though it is for the pensive walker, and not disproportionate to the inner light we have, is very inferior in quality and intensity to that of the
25、 sun. But the moon is not to be judged alone by the quantity of light she sends to us, but also by her influence on the earth and its inhabitants. “The moon gravitates toward the earth, and the earth reciprocally toward the moon.“ The poet who walks by moonlight is conscious of a tide in his thought
26、 which is to be referred to lunar influence. I will endeavor to separate the tide in my thoughts from the current distractions of the day. I would warn my hearers that they must not try my thoughts by a daylight standard, but endeavor to realize that I speak out of the night. All depends on your poi
27、nt of view. In Drakes “Collection of Voyages“, Wafer says of some Albinos among the Indians of Darien, “They are quite white, but their whiteness is like that of a horse, quite different from the fair or pale European, as they have not the least tincture of a blush or sanguine complexion. Their eyeb
28、rows are milk-white, as is likewise the hair of their heads, which is very fine. They seldom go abroad in the daytime, the sun being disagreeable to them, and causing their eyes, which are weak and poring, to water, especially if it shines towards them; yet they see very well by moonlight, from whic
29、h we call them moon-eyed.“ 18 What is the similarity between the midnight and Central Africa? （ A） They all have beautiful lakes and mountains. （ B） We do not know much about either. （ C） The moonlight is mysterious at midnight and in the Central Africa. （ D） Expeditions are carried out into both. 1
30、9 What does the author think of Dr. Chalmers? （ A） Dr. Chalmers was serious with his own thoughts. （ B） Dr. Chalmers could understand ideas coming from afar. （ C） Dr. Chalmers never walked under moonlight. （ D） Dr. Chalmers was wrong when he criticized Coleridge. 20 The author thinks we should look
31、at the moon （ A） in a glib way. （ B） in terms of the quality and intensity of light （ C） with a different eye from that with the sun. （ D） as a poet does. 21 The author wants to tell us all the followings EXCEPT that （ A） people are partial to the moon. （ B） the moon exerts great influence on people
32、. （ C） some beauty is there but we just do not know. （ D） different things should be viewed differently. 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. 22 In the early 19th century,_appeared as a ne
33、w trend of literature in America. （ A） naturalism （ B） realism （ C） romanticism （ D） modernism 23 The capital of Australia is （ A） Auckland. （ B） Canberra. （ C） Sydney. （ D） Wellington. 24 _was the spokesman of the Lost Generation. （ A） William Burroughs （ B） Allen Ginsberg （ C） Ernest Hemingway （ D
34、） Theodore Dreiser 25 Samson Agonistes is a(n)_. （ A） verse drama （ B） novel （ C） epic （ D） prose 26 Since joining the European Economic Community in _, Britain has adopted the Community System of agricultural support. （ A） 1973 （ B） 1974 （ C） 1975 （ D） 1976 27 _is typical of Joseph Hellers Catch-22
35、. （ A） Irony （ B） Pun （ C） Black humor （ D） Monologue 28 All of the following statements about G.B.Shaw are true EXCEPT_. （ A） he was an influential member in the Fabian Society. （ B） he vehemently rejected the traditions of realism in his dramatic creation. （ C） he didnt believe the credo of “art f
36、or arts sake“. （ D） he wrote plays as a way to discuss social problems. 29 In semantic studies, _ refers to the inherent meaning of the linguistic form. （ A） sense （ B） synonym （ C） homonym （ D） reference 30 The language phenomenon that words having different meanings have the same form is called _.
37、 （ A） homonymy （ B） hyponymy （ C） polysemy （ D） antonymy 31 The most recognizable differences between American English and British English are in_ and vocabulary. （ A） structure （ B） grammar （ C） usage （ D） pronunciation 二、 PART IV PROOFREADING unity, coherence, emphasis, development and clarity. Wh
38、ile these good old values are still relevant, todays discussion of good writing focuses on a different set of concepts. Ill define good writing using different terms; good writing is good thinking; good writing involves thoughtful revision; good writing is directed toward an audience; good writing a
39、chieves a clear purpose; good writing expresses ideas clearly. Firstly, good writing is good thinking. Good thinking leads to good writing, and muddy thinking can only result in muddy writing. As simple as that. Writing is a thinking process; it is not making a big deal out of nothing. (2) Good writ
40、ing should be substantive, really having things to say. Not only having things to say, but also having insightful things to say about the topic. This concept is particularly important for you non-native speakers of English. You may tend to be overly concerned with being correct in grammar, spelling
41、and mechanics. While good writing is expected to be free from grammatical and other errors, it is worth repeating here that (3) good writing is not good grammar or vice versa. At the advanced level, you should be much more concerned with higher and more important issues of writing in English. If you
42、 were excited at all by a piece of writing, most likely, it was for one or a combination of the following reasons; 1) because (4) it enlightens you or sheds light on the subject: 2) because you have felt something similar but in a rather vague and superficial way; 3) because (5) you have felt exactl
43、y the same. but have never been able to express yourself in such an effective and elegant manner. Secondly, good writing involves thoughtful revision. Although there are geniuses who are such inspired writers that they can produce great writings at the spur of the moment without having to revise as
44、much as one word, such geniuses are few and far between. For the overwhelming majority of writers, good writing is ninety-nine percent hard work and one percent inspiration. Experienced writers subject their writings to numerous revisions before feeling satisfied. Lu Xun.the greatest modern Chinese
45、writer, for example, talks about pacing pensively in the study for days searching for the right word. Thirdly, good writing is directed toward an audience. Notice the use of the word “ audience“ here: it usually refers to viewers and listeners, but now its reference has expanded to include readers,
46、too, particularly in discussions of writing. You should remember that what is appropriate for one kind of audience may not be appropriate for another. (7-2) The intended audience determines your choice of words, your sentence length and patterns, the overall tone, the details that would be included
47、in your writing, etc. Fourthly, (8) good writing achieves a clear purpose. Good writing must achieve your intended purpose. If you want to write about how to make Jiaozi, your reader, after reading your writing, should get everything he or she needs to know about how to make Jiaozi, from the necessa
48、ry ingredients to step by step instructions. If your purpose is to convey the sublime and soul-awakening beauty of the morning sun bursting out of the horizon in the misty Huangshan Mountain in Anhui Province, you should describe it in such a way that your readers should be able to visualize the sce
49、nery. If you want to propose that China adopt a legal drinking age, you should make it clear to the Peoples Congress why such a law is necessary, what it should be, how to implement such a law, and so forth. Last but not least, good writing expresses ideas clearly. (9) Good writing reflects good thinking, and good thinking needs to be put in precise, concise, and lucid prose. An important task for revision is to trim all the deadwood, pruning all the redun
