1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 714 及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture
2、. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 How Deer Survive Winter Like most of the wild animals, deer survive the cold winter by using energy stor
3、ed in the summer and fall, usually in the form of【 1】【 1】 _ _. They also spend【 2】 _energy in winter than in 【 2】 _ summer. Deer always give birth to their fawns in May or June. This is good【 3】 _, because it coincides with the time when【 3】 _ plenty of new plants are available. The mother deer must
4、 have enough food both to meet the needs of their own bodies and to【 4】 _ produce【 4】 _for their fawns. As the fawns grow, they become less and less【 5】 _on their mothers. As winter 【 5】 _ comes, deers hair becomes darker and【 6】 _. Besides, 【 6】 _ nature provides another【 7】 _to help them survive t
5、he 【 7】 _ cold weather. They become somewhat slow and drowsy. Their heart rate【 8】 _This is an internal physiological 【 8】 _ response which is to【 9】 _their cost of energy. 【 9】 _ All these practices and responses that increase deers chances of survival in winter are the result of thousands Of years
6、 of【 10】 _. 【 10】 _ 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the in
7、terview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 Paul Ray said they discovered that a clear cultural change was happening in many areas except_. （ A） peoples lives （ B） environmental issues （ C） consumption patterns （ D） media adver
8、tisements 12 According to Ray, the official culture is featured by_. （ A） small government （ B） dynamic media （ C） materialism （ D） the massive support from most Americans 13 Why do cultural creatives regard themselves alone in the society? （ A） They are seldom mentioned by mass media （ B） They dont
9、 express themselves （ C） They have to sacrifice many things which are parts of their old lives （ D） All of the above 14 Why are there so many women among Cultural Creatives, according to Ray? （ A） Because they are not burdened so much as men （ B） Because they are more sensitive and feel more （ C） Be
10、cause they will push for change and for a better world because of their husbands （ D） Because they have more intelligence and skills 15 Ray said he had been an activist, involved in_. （ A） anti-discrimination movement （ B） environmental movement （ C） non-violence movement （ D） human rights movement
11、SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 President Mohammad Abbas has been given the authority to bypass
12、parliament because （ A） Fatah Party intended to irritate the militant group Hamas. （ B） Fatah Party wanted to strengthen the legislative power. （ C） Fatah Party was defeated in the Palestinian election. （ D） Fatah Party suffered a stunning defeat in the constitutional court. 16 1 Many people seem to
13、 think that science fiction is typified by the covers of some of the old pulp magazines; the Bug-eyed Monster, embodying every trait and feature that most people find repulsive, is about to grab, and presumably ravish, a sweet, blonde, curvaceous, scantily-clad Earth girl. This is unfortunate becaus
14、e it demeans and degrades a worthwhile and even important literary endeavor. In contrast to this unwarranted stereotype, science fiction rarely emphasizes sex, and when it does, it is more discreet than other contemporary fiction. Instead, the basic interest of science fiction lies in the relation b
15、etween man and his technology and between man and the universe. Science fiction is a literature of change and a literature of the future, and while it would be foolish to claim that science fiction is a major literary genre at this time, the aspects of human life that it considers make it well worth
16、 reading and studying for no other literary form does quite the same things. 2 The question is: what is science fiction? And the answer must be, unfortunately, that there have been few attempts to consider this question at any length or with much seriousness; it may well be that science fiction will
17、 resist any comprehensive definition of its characteristics. To say this, however, does not mean that there are no ways of defining it nor that various facets of its totality cannot be clarified. To begin, the following definition should be helpful: science fiction is a literary sub-genre which post
18、ulates a change (for human beings) from conditions as we know them and follows the implications of these changes to conclusion. Although this definition will necessarily be modified and expanded, and probably changed, in the course of this exploration, it covers much of the basic groundwork and prov
19、ides a point of departure. 3 This first point that science fiction is a literary sub-genre is a very important one, but one which is often overlooked or ignored in most discussions of science fiction. Specifically, science fiction is either a short story or a novel. There are only a few dramas which
20、 could be called science fiction, with Karel Capeks RUR (Rossums Universal Robots) being the only one that is well known; the body of poetry that might be labeled science fiction is only slightly larger. To say that science fiction is a sub-genre of prose fiction is to say that it has all the basic
21、characteristics and serves the same basic functions in much the same way as prose fiction in general that is, it shares a great deal with all other novels and short stories. 4 Everything that can be said about prose fiction, in general, applies to science fiction. Every piece of science fiction, whe
22、ther short story or novel, must have a narrator, a story, a plot, a setting, characters, language, and theme. And like any prose, the themes of science fiction are concerned with interpreting mans nature and experience in relation to the world around him. Themes in science fiction are constructed an
23、d presented in exactly the same ways that themes are dealt with in any other kind of fiction. They are the result of a particular combination of narrator, story, plot, character, setting, and language. In short, the reasons for reading and enjoying science fiction, and the ways of studying and analy
24、zing it, are basically the same as they would be for any other story or novel. 17 Science fiction is called a literary sub-genre because_. （ A） it is not important enough to be a literary genre （ B） it cannot be made into a dramatic presentation （ C） it has its limits （ D） it shares characteristics
25、with other types of prose fiction 18 Which of the following does not usually contribute to the theme in a piece of science fiction? （ A） Narrator. （ B） Character. （ C） Plot. （ D） Rhyme. 19 The view of science fiction encouraged by pulp magazines, which may be wrong, is nevertheless_. （ A） popular （
26、B） elegant （ C） fashionable （ D） deranged 20 An appropriate title for this passage would be_. （ A） On the Inaccuracies of Pulp Magazines （ B） Man and the Universe （ C） Toward a Definition of Science Fiction （ D） A Type of Prose Fiction 21 The authors definition suggests that all science fiction deal
27、s with_ （ A） monsters （ B） the same topics addressed by novels and short stories （ C） the unfamiliar or unusual （ D） Karel Capeks well-known postulate 22 One implication of the final sentence in the passage is that_ （ A） the reader should turn next to commentaries on general fiction （ B） there is no
28、 reason for any reader not to like science fiction （ C） all fiction consists of six basic elements （ D） those who can read and analyze fiction can also do so with science fiction 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the be
29、st answer to each question. 23 In the early 1850s, with the westward movement, the slavery issue became a serious political issue endangering the unity of the country because_. （ A） whether the future states formed as a result of the westward movement should be free or slave would affect the balance
30、 of power in the Senate （ B） the south insisted that slavery should be allowed to spread into all new territories （ C） the north refused to let slavery spread into new territories （ D） the north wanted to put an end to slavery 24 The state to which the Mayflower sailed is （ A） Florida. （ B） Maine. （
31、 C） Virginia. （ D） Massachusetts. 25 Scotland Yard is the headquarters of the_. （ A） British Supreme Court （ B） Police of Scotland （ C） London police force （ D） Horse Guards of London 26 The Cooperative Principle contains the following maxims EXCEPT_. （ A） the maxim of manner （ B） the maxim of quali
32、ty （ C） the maxim of connection （ D） the maxim of quantity 27 Geoffrey Chaucer was most famous for _. （ A） Far from the Madding Crowd （ B） Agnes Grey （ C） The Canterbury Tales （ D） My Last Duchess 28 To some extent, the Romantic Movement revealed a _ attitude toward the social and political conditio
33、ns then. （ A） positive （ B） negative （ C） neutral （ D） prejudiced 29 Which statement does nothing with English minister? （ A） Hold some position in private and public companies （ B） Decides the composition of the Cabinet （ C） Carry out his office under the direction of the Prime Minister （ D） Poor p
34、erformance and misconduct may result in forced resignations 30 The Deserted Village was written by_, the outstanding representative of the sentimentalist school. （ A） Bums （ B） Pope （ C） Goldsmith （ D） Wordsworth 31 _ was considered to be the greatest dramatist in the 18 century in British lime. （ A
35、） Henry Fielding （ B） Laurence Sterne （ C） Oliver Goldsmith （ D） Richard B.Sheridan 32 Harriet Beccher Stowe, the author of _, had become the most famous literary woman in the world. （ A） The Adventures of Tom Sawyer （ B） The Sea Wolf （ C） Uncle Tom s Gabin （ D） Song of Myself 二、 PART IV PROOFREADIN
36、G they bring us into the presence of the greatest minds that have ever lived. We hear what they said and did; we see them as if they were really alive; we sympathize with them, enjoy with them, grieve with them; their experience becomes ours, and we feel as if we were, in a measure, actors with them
37、 in the scenes which they describe. 三、 PART VI WRITING (45 MIN) Directions: Write a composition of about 400 words on the following topic. 45 For the first time in centuries, hundreds of millions of Chinese are now enjoying a measure of material wealth. But the environment is taking tolls. Soil, air
38、, water and wildlife suffer as more big industries demand extra energy, and more people call for supplies of food. Write an essay of about 300 words on 1. Should We Achieve Growth at the Expense of Environment? In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the se
39、cond part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a
40、 loss of marks. Write your composition on ANSWER SHEET FOUR. 专业英语八级模拟试卷 714 答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will nee
41、d them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 【听力原文】 How Deer Survive Winter We know that
42、in summer and fall, when there is plenty of food, wild animals will eat as much as they can. So, besides the energy spent on maintaining their normal activities, there is some excess. They store the excess in the form of fat, and then in winter when food is scarce, they use these reserves of fat to
43、survive. In addition to this nature also provides other safeguards for wild animals to survive. This is the way through which deer survive winter. Like most wild animals, deer reproduce, grow, and store fat in summer and fall when there is plenty of nutritious food available. A physically mature fem
44、ale deer in good condition who has conceived in November and given birth to two fawns during the end of May or the beginning of June, must get enough food to not only meet her own bodys needs but also to produce milk for her fawns. The best milk production occurs at the same time that new plant grow
45、th is available. This is good timing, because milk production is an energy consuming process it requires a lot of food. The cost can not be met unless the region has ample food resources. As the summer progresses and the fawns grow, they become less dependent on their mothers milk and more dependent
46、 on growing plants as food sources. The adult males spend the summer growing antlers and getting fat. Both males and females continue to eat high quality food in fall in order to deposit body fat for winter. Fat reserves are like bank accounts to be drawn on in winter when food supplies are limited
47、and sometimes difficult to reach because of deep snow. As fall turns into winter, other changes take place. Fawns lose their spotted coat. Hair on all the deer becomes darker and thicker. The change in the hair coats is usually complete by September and maximum hair depths are reached by November or
48、 December when the weather becomes cold. But in addition, nature provides a further safeguard to help deer survive the winter. This is an internal physiological response which lowers their metabolism, or rate of bodily functioning, and hence slows down their expenditure of energy. The deer become so
49、mewhat slow and drowsy. The heart rate drops. Hibernating animals such as snakes and bears practiced the energy conservation in winter to a greater degree than deer do. Although deer dont hibernate, they have the same energy saving and spending rhythm to keep in pace with natures seasonal changes. So, we can see th
