1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 721及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 English Synonyms English has the largest vocabulary and the most synonyms of all languages in the world.
3、This richness owns to the constant incorporation of words from other languages. I. The gradual incorporation of words from other languages Before 1066, Anglo-Saxon words; After 1066, words borrowed from (1)_; In (2)_.words from Latin and Greek origin; In modern times,words directly (3)_from other la
4、nguages around the world; (4)_English,eg. Jeep, railroad, gasoline, etc. II. Different kinds of synonyms 1) Synonyms referring to the same thing but of different (5)_: foreword, preface, introduction; 2) Synonyms referring to different aspects of (6)_: plain, prairie; 3) Synonyms of different degree
5、 of (7)_: teach, tutor, school; 4) Synonyms implying different (8)_among the participants; accompany, escort, attend; 5) Synonyms of different degree of (9)_; go to bed VS hit the sack Correct choice of words is very important to the (10)_expression of what one wants to say. SECTION B INTERVIEW Dire
6、ctions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11
7、 When is the conversation going on? （ A） Twenty days before Christmas Day. （ B） Twenty-three days before Christmas Day. （ C） A month before Christmas Day. （ D） Two months before Christmas Day. 12 Which of the following are the names of the man and womans children? （ A） Anne and Dick. （ B） Amme and J
8、im. （ C） jim and Tom. （ D） Mary and David. 13 What gift will the womans father be given? （ A） Some discs. （ B） A bedside reading lamp. （ C） A pair of gloves. （ D） A boa of cigars. 14 How old is the mans nephew, Tom? （ A） Ten. （ B） Eleven. （ C） Twelve. （ D） Thirteen. 15 Which of the following is true
9、 according to the conversation? （ A） The husband of the mans aunt, Mantha, was dead. （ B） The man has twin nieces. （ C） The womans sister, Mary is very short of money, so the woman suggests giving her some money. （ D） The two speakers have made out a list of all the Christmas presents they are certa
10、in to buy. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 Which of the following is TRUE of Zimbabwe? （ A） It b
11、ecame independent from US in 1980. （ B） It suffers from inflation and unemployment. （ C） It has many refugees fleeing from other countries. （ D） It has been ruled by Mugabe for two decades. 16 Telecommunications stand for devices and systems that transmit electronic or optical signals across long di
12、stances. Telecommunications enables people around the world to contact one another, to access information instantly, and to communicate from remote areas. Telecommunications usually involves a sender of information and one or more recipients linked by a technology, such as a telephone system, that t
13、ransmits information from one place to another. Telecommunications enables people to send and receive personal messages across town, between countries, and to and from outer space. It also provides the key medium for delivering news, data, information, and entertainment. Telecommunications devices c
14、onvert different types of information, such as sound and video, into electronic or optical signals. Electronic signals typically travel along a medium such as copper wire or are carried over the air as radio waves. Optical signals typically travel along a medium such as strands of glass fibers. When
15、 a signal reaches its destination, the device on the receiving end converts the signal back into an understandable message, such as sound over a telephone, moving images on a television, or words and pictures on a computer screen. Telecommunications messages can be sent in a variety of ways and by a
16、 wide range of devices. The messages can be sent from one sender to a single receiver (point-to-point) or from one sender to many receivers (point-to-multipoint). Personal communications, such as a telephone conversation 15etween two people or a facsimile (fax) message (see Facsimile Transmission),
17、usually involve point-to-point transmission. Point-to-multipoint telecommunications, often called broadcasts, provide the basis for commercial radio and television programming. Telecommunications begin with messages that are converted into electronic or optical signals. Some signals, such as those t
18、hat carry voice or music, are created in an analog or wave format, but may be converted into a digital or mathematical format for faster and more efficient transmission. The signals are then sent over a medium to a receiver, where they are decoded back into a form that the person receiving the messa
19、ge can understand. There are a variety of ways to create and decode signals, and many different ways to transmit signals. Individual people, businesses, and governments use many different types of telecommunications systems. Some systems, such as the telephone system, use a network of cables, wires,
20、 and switching stations for point-to-point communication. Other systems, such as radio and television, broadcast radio signals over the air that can be received by anyone who has a device to receive them. Some systems make use of several types of media to complete a transmission. For example, a tele
21、phone call may travel by means of copper wire, fiber-optic cable, and radio waves as the call is sent from sender to receiver. All telecommunications systems are constantly evolving as telecommunications technology improves. Many recent improvements, for example, offer high-speed broadband connectio
22、ns that are needed to send multimedia information over the Internet. Personal computers have pushed the limits of the telephone system as more and more complex computer messages are being sent over telephone lines, and at rapidly increasing speeds. This need for speed has encouraged the development
23、of digital transmission technology. The growing use of personal computers for telecommunications has increased the need for innovations in fiber-optic technology. Telecommunications and information technologies are merging and converging. This means that many of the devices now associated with only
24、one function may evolve into more versatile equipment. This convergence is already happening in various fields. Some telephones and pagers are able to store not only phone numbers but also names and personal information about callers. Wireless phones with keyboards and small screens can access the I
25、nternet and send and receive email messages. Personal computers can now access information and video entertainment and are in effect becoming a combined television set and computer terminal. Television sets can access the Internet through add-on appliances. Future modifications and technology innova
26、tions may blur the distinctions between appliances even more. Convergence of telecommunications technologies may also trigger a change in the kind of content available. Both television and personal computers are likely to incorporate new multimedia, interactive, and digital features. However, in the
27、 near term, before the actualization of a fully digital telecommunications world, devices such as modems will still be necessary to provide an essential link between the old analog world and the upcoming digital one. 17 Which of the aspects of telecommunication is NOT mentioned in the passage? （ A）
28、Current development. （ B） Transmission of message. （ C） Computer networking. （ D） Government regulation. 18 In this passage, “optical“ can be understood as related to. （ A） light （ B） audio （ C） electronics （ D） multimedia 19 According to the passage, _ has become the driving force for the developme
29、nt of telephone system? （ A） information technologies （ B） Internet （ C） PC （ D） convergence of telecommunications technologies 20 What can be concluded about “modem“? （ A） It converts data from one form to another. （ B） It will be out of date soon. （ C） It serves as a link between senders and recip
30、ients of message. （ D） It transmits message more efficiently than other devices. 21 Television is a _ in the transmission of message. （ A） sender （ B） receiver （ C） transmitting device （ D） none of the above 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions i
31、n this section. Choose the best answer to each question. 22 It is estimated that there are about 800,000 people called Smith in_. （ A） England and Scotland （ B） Wales and Scotland （ C） England and Wales （ D） Southern England and Northern Ireland 23 Britains first woman prime minister was_. （ A） Cath
32、erine （ B） Elizabeth （ C） Anne Boleyn （ D） Margaret Thatcher 24 All of the following are American Jewish writers EXCEPT （ A） Isaac Bashevis Singer. （ B） Saul Bellow. （ C） Philip Roth. （ D） Ralph Ellison. 25 In componential analysis, the meaning of a word can be dissected into （ A） distinctive featur
33、es. （ B） word components. （ C） semantic features. （ D） constituents. 26 _ refers to the type of language which is selected as appropriate to the type of situation. （ A） Register （ B） Discourse （ C） Dialect （ D） Creole 27 By ascribing cultural transmission to language, we mean that _ . （ A） different
34、 cultures have different languages （ B） culture determines language （ C） language learning is a cultural fact rather than a genetic fact （ D） language and culture are inseparable 28 By advancing the theory of _ , Bacon showed the new empirical attitutes toward truth about nature and bravely challeng
35、ed the medieval scholasticists. （ A） inductive reasoning （ B） deductive reasoning （ C） education （ D） scientific experimentation 29 The famous short story The Fall of the House of Usher was written by _. （ A） Charles Dickens. （ B） Edgar Allan Poe. （ C） Washington Irving. （ D） Thomas More. 30 The nat
36、ions capital city Washington D.C.and New York are located in _. （ A） the American West （ B） the Great Plains （ C） the Midwest （ D） the Middle Atlantic States 31 proposes that human beings are gifted with the language acquisition device, an inborn model of the structure of human languages that allows
37、 any child who has acquired a sufficient vocabulary to combine words into new sentences. （ A） Chomsky （ B） Saussure （ C） Halliday （ D） H. P. Grice 二、 PART IV PROOFREADING a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though,
38、if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find new things for himself. (3)_ Parents vary greatly on their degree of strictness towards their children. (4)_ Some may be especially strict in money matters. Other
39、s are severe over time of coming home at night or punctuality for meals. In the general, the (5)_ controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the childs own happiness. As regards the development of moral standards in the grown child, (6)_ consistenc
40、y is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it next is no foundation for morality. Also, parents (7)_ should realize that “Example is better than precept“. If they are not sincere and do not practice what that they preach, their children may grow confused (8)_ and
41、emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for them, (9)_ and realize they have been in some extent fooled. A sudden awareness of a (10)_ marked difference between their parents principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment. 32 (1) 33 (2) 34 (3) 35 (4) 36 (5) 37 (6) 38 (
42、7) 39 (8) 40 (9) 41 (10) SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH Directions: Translate the following text into English. 42 有些男人还在怀念昔日以男子为中心的年代。那时 ，他们下了班回家，热腾腾的晚餐巳摆好在桌上，妻子儿女围上来问寒问暖；家中大事小事多由自己作主，因为男人作为一家之主承担了全家经济生活的来源。妇女走出家门就业后，男人的供养职责相对减小，在家庭的地位也变得不像从前那么举足轻重了。夫妻双方都有职业，在社会服务并不发达的中国，繁重的家务事自然应落在夫妻二人身上。 SECTION B E
43、NGLISH TO CHINESE Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese. 43 One day in the dead of winter, I looked out my back window and saw a chicken. It was jet-black with a crimson wattle, and it seemed unaware that it was in New York City. In classic barnyard fashion, it was scratching, peckin
44、g and clucking. I shrugged off the apparition. Birds come and go. Usually theyre pigeons, not chickens, but like other birds, this one had wings and it would probably use them. Or so I thought. The protagonist of this story is known simply as the chicken. How it came to a small backyard here, remain
45、s a matter of conjecture. The chicken made its first appearance next door, at the home of a multitude of cabdrivers from Bangladesh. My wife, Nancy, and I figured they bad bought the chicken and were fattening it for a feast. That hypothesis fell into doubt when the chicken hopped the fence and bega
46、n pacing the perimeter of our yard with a proprietary air. Eating it was out of the question. As a restaurant critic and an animal lover, I subscribe to a policy of complete hypocrisy. Serve fish or fowl to me, but dont ask me to watch the killing. Once I meet it, I dont want to eat it. Nancy and I
47、next theorized that the chicken had escaped from a live-poultry market about four blocks away and was on the run. Our hearts went out to the brave little refugee. We had to save it. 三、 PART VI WRITING (45 MIN) Directions: Write a composition of about 400 words on the following topic. 43 Some people
48、claim that competition is more important than co-operation in the present-day society. How far do you agree OR disagree with these people? You are to write a composition of about 400 words on the following topic. 1. COMPETITION OR CO-OPERATION In the first part of your writing you should present you
49、r thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Write your response on ANSWER SHEET FOUR. ANSWER SHEET ON
