1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 816及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Creativity Environment I. What we do in creative thinking A. The Explorer our role for collecting materia
3、ls and information B. 【 B1】 _ our role for turning materials and information into 【 B1】 _ new ideas C. The Judge our role for evaluating the merits and feasibility of an idea D. The Warrior our role for carrying 【 B2】 _ into action 【 B2】 _ II. What kind of classroom environment we need A. Making res
4、ources available 1. In the school or outside the school 2. Focusing more on the skill of 【 B3】 _ man on knowing or not knowing【 B3】_ something 3. Teacher is not only the provider of knowledge and information, but the facilitator of the process. B. Letting students work un-judged. 1. Suspending 【 B4】
5、 _ completely for the whole Artist period 【 B4】 _ 2. Giving learners enough un-judged time to get lots of ideas C. Not presetting 【 B5】 _ 【 B5】 _ 1. Setting open-ended tasks and giving learners the freedom of choice 2. Helping learners to learn about how to 【 B6】 _ 【 B6】 _ D. Rearranging the classro
6、om and time III. Teachers responsibilities A. Timing 1. Unlimited time, which is inner, personal, for lateral thinking and for reflection 2. Limited time, which is controlled from 【 B7】 _ for focused 【 B7】 _ thinking, researching and actions B. task assignment 1. Giving learners a chance to act in 【
7、 B8】 _ 【 B8】 _ 2. Or giving learners a role that we think they need to practise 3. As for a more complex activity, breaking it down into tasks matching the roles C. Celebration. Helping to reinforce the 【 B9】 _ atmospherre needed for 【 B9】_ creative thinking IV. Summary A. Neil Postman: schools depr
8、ive students of 【 B10】 _ in the world. 【 B10】_ B. We should try to invalidate Postmans opinion. 1 【 B1】 2 【 B2】 3 【 B3】 4 【 B4】 5 【 B5】 6 【 B6】 7 【 B7】 8 【 B8】 9 【 B9】 10 【 B10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the q
9、uestions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 What does Mr. Stevenson think of his profession? （ A） It is cool. （ B） It is decent. （ C） It is a
10、wesome. （ D） It receives a mixed reaction. 12 When did Mr. Stevenson have the idea of becoming a lawyer? （ A） When he was in elementary school. （ B） When he was in junior high. （ C） When he was in senior high. （ D） When he was in law school. 13 In Mr. Stevensons opinion, the approach to practicing l
11、aw can be summarized as （ A） going to law school. （ B） taking the bar. （ C） learning by doing. （ D） gaining experiences in law school. 14 Which of the following is INCORRECT about Mr. Stevensons life at law school? （ A） He was particularly interested in the “non-traditional“ classes. （ B） He had gre
12、at professors and classmates. （ C） He was crazy about the “Socratic method“. （ D） He once thought about dropping out. 15 Mr. Stevenson thinks lawyers receive unfair criticism because （ A） the news is full of horrible lawyer stories. （ B） there is a hierarchy in the field of law. （ C） lawyer movies h
13、ave demonized the image of lawyers. （ D） the profession of lawyer has lost some of its reputation in recent years. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you wi
14、ll be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 The political dissident is on a hunger strike to （ A） express his different political view. （ B） call attention of the Cuban state media. （ C） demand the release of ill dissidents. （ D） demand the release of all the jailed dissidents. 17 Brazils com
15、merce with Africa has big investment in all of the following EXCEPT （ A） mining. （ B） agriculture. （ C） manufacturing. （ D） infrastructure development. 18 Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? （ A） Brazil will have more cooperation with Africa. （ B） Brazils commerce with Africa has grown f
16、ourfold. （ C） Millions of Brazilians are descendants of Africans. （ D） Brazils influence on Africa is larger and larger. 19 The immediate purpose of the government loan guarantees to the two solar energy companies is （ A） boosting domestic economy. （ B） creating employment opportunities. （ C） develo
17、ping new energies. （ D） reducing the nations dependency on fossil fuels. 20 Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? （ A） Green technology is key to Americas economy. （ B） The two companies will create more than 5,000 new jobs. （ C） The biggest solar power generating plant in Arizona could st
18、ore the energy it generates. （ D） The generating plant in Arizona could cut carbon dioxide emissions more than the amount generated by 90,000 cars a year. 20 William Shakespeare described old age as “second childishness“ sans teeth, sans eyes, sans taste. In the case of taste he might, musically spe
19、aking, have been even more perceptive than he realized. A paper in Neurology by Giovanni Frisoni and his colleagues at the National Centre for Research and Care of Alzheimers Disease in Brescia, Italy, shows that one form of senile dementia can affect musical desires in ways that suggest a regressio
20、n, if not to infancy, then at least to a patients teens. Frontotemporal dementia is caused, as its name suggests, by damage to the front and sides of the brain. These regions are concerned with speech, and with such “higher“ functions as abstract thinking and judgment. Frontotemporal damage therefor
21、e produces different symptoms from the loss of memory associated with Alzheimers disease, a more familiar dementia that affects the hippocampus and amygdala in the middle of the brain. Frontotemporal dementia is also rarer than Alzheimers. In the past five years the centre in Brescia has treated som
22、e 1,500 Alzheimers patients; it has seen only 46 with frontotemporal dementia. Two of those patients interested Dr. Frisoni. One was a 68-year-old lawyer, the other a 73-year-old housewife. Both had undamaged memories, but displayed the sorts of defect associated with frontotemporal dementia a diagn
23、osis that was confirmed by brain scanning. About two years after he was first diagnosed, the lawyer, once a classical music lover who referred to pop music as “mere noise“, started listening to the Italian pop band “883“. As his command of language and his emotional attachments to friends and family
24、 deteriorated, he continued to listen to the band at full volume for many hours a day. The housewife had not even had the lawyers love of classical music, having never enjoyed music of any sort in the past. But about a year after her diagnosis she became very interested in the songs that her 11-year
25、-old granddaughter was listening to. This kind of change in musical taste was not seen in any of the Alzheimers patients, and thus appears to be specific to those with frontotemporal dementia. And other studies have remarked on how frontotemporal dementia patients sometimes gain new talents. Five su
26、fferers who developed artistic abilities are known. And in another lapse of musical taste, one woman with the disease suddenly started composing and singing country and western songs. Dr. Frisoni speculates that the illness is causing people to develop a new attitude towards novel experiences. Previ
27、ous studies of novelty-seeking behavior suggest that it is managed by the brains right frontal lobe. A predominance of the right over the left frontal lobe, caused by damage to the latter, might thus lead to a quest for new experience. Alternatively, the damage may have affected some specific neural
28、 circuit that is needed to appreciate certain kinds of music. Whether that is a gain or a loss is a different matter. As Dr. Frisoni puts it in his article, De Gustibus Non Disputandum Est. Or, in plainer words, there is no accounting for taste. 21 For Shakespeare, old age is the “second childishnes
29、s“ for they have the same （ A） favorite. （ B） memory. （ C） experience. （ D） sense. 22 Which one is NOT a symptom of Frototemporal dementia? （ A） The loss of memory. （ B） The loss of judgment. （ C） The loss of abstract thinking. （ D） The loss of speech. 23 From the two patients mentioned in the passa
30、ge, it can be concluded that （ A） their command of language has deteriorated. （ B） their emotional attachments to friends and family are being lost. （ C） Frontotemporal dementia can bring new gifts. （ D） Frontotemporal dementia can cause patients to change their musical tastes. 24 From the passage,
31、it can be inferred that （ A） the damage of the left frontal lobe may affect some specific neural circuit. （ B） the lawyer patient has the left frontal lobe damaged. （ C） the damage of the left frontal lobe decreased the appreciation of certain kinds of music. （ D） every patient has the same taste. 2
32、4 When you buy a gallon of organic milk, you expect to get tasty milk from happy cows who havent been subjected to antibiotics, hormones or pesticides. But you might also unknowingly be getting genetically modified cattle feed. Albert Straus, owner of the Straus Family Creamery in the small northern
33、 California town of Marshall, decided to test the feed that he gives his 1,600 cows last year and was alarmed to find that nearly 6% of the organic corn feed he received from suppliers was “contaminated“ by genetically modified (GM) organisms. Organic food is, by definition, supposed to be free of g
34、enetically modified material, and organic crops are required to be isolated from other crops. But as GM crops become more prevalent, there is little that an organic farmer can do to prevent a speck of GM pollen or a stray GM seed from being blown by the wind onto his land or farm equipment and, even
35、tually, into his products. In 2006, GM crops accounted for 61% of all the corn planted in the U.S. and 89% of all the soybeans. “I feared that there werent enough safeguards,“ Straus says. So Straus and five other natural food producers, including industry leader Whole Foods, announced last week tha
36、t they would seek a new certification for their products, “non-GMO verified“, in the hopes that it will become a voluntary industry standard for GM-free goods. A non-profit group called the Non-GMO Project runs the program, and the testing is conducted by an outside lab called Genetic ID. In a few w
37、eeks, Straus expects to become the first food manufacturer in the country to carry the label in addition to his “organic“ one. With Whole Foods in the ring, the rest of the industry will soon be under competitive pressure to follow. Earning the non-GMO label, at least initially, requires nearly as m
38、uch effort as getting certified organic. To root out the genetically modified corn, Straus spent several months and about $10,000 testing, re-testing and tracing back his products: from his own dairys milk, to other dairies that supply some of his milk, to the brokers who sell them feed, to their mi
39、lls that grind the corn, to farmers who grow it. To put the GM-free label on his ice cream, Straus will have to trace the chickens that provided the egg yolks, the grain used in the alcohol that carries his vanilla extract and the soy lecithin used as an emulsifier for his chocolate chips. So why bo
40、ther? The organic and natural foods industry sees a huge opportunity in telling consumers even more about whats in their food. Few consumers would think about the pesticides and hormones in conventional foods without the organic alternative to remind them. Similarly, genetically modified crops have
41、become so prevalent in the U.S. that chances are youve been buying and eating them for years. You just wouldnt know it from the label: the U.S. Department of Agriculture, unlike agencies in Europe and Japan, do not require GM foods to be labeled. While scientists have not identified any specific hea
42、lth risks from eating GM foods, anti-GM activists say there is not enough research yet into their long-term risks or impact on biodiversity. By telling consumers loud and clear which products are GM-free, organic-food producers will give them one more reason to choose organic. Says Jeffrey Smith, a
43、longtime activist against genetically modified food: “The people served by the organic industry are very sensitive to GMO.“ And, the industry hopes, willing to pay to avoid it. 25 Faced with the prevalence of GM crops, organic farmers （ A） have sought new certifications for their GM-free products. （
44、 B） can do nothing to stop their crops from being polluted by GM factors. （ C） can get huge profits by selling their GM-free goods. （ D） have done a lot to safeguard their GM-free goods. 26 Whats the real meaning of the phrase “in the ring“ (Line 6, Para. 3)? （ A） Getting the ring as a symbol of the
45、 non-GMO label. （ B） Fighting with other companies in a boxing ring. （ C） Calling other other companies to apply for the non-GMO certification. （ D） Competing with other companies for the non-GMO certification. 27 The author quotes the example of Straus in Para. 4 to show （ A） the whole process of a
46、pplying for the non-GMO certification. （ B） the great efforts for getting the certified non-GMO certification. （ C） the efforts Straus making to earn the non-GMO label. （ D） the great efforts Straus making to get certified organic. 28 Which of the following is true according to the last paragraph? （
47、 A） Organic producers bother their customers with the non-GMO label. （ B） Organic food may remind customers of whats in conventional foods. （ C） It is well known that GM foods have negative effect on biodiversity. （ D） The U.S. Department of Agriculture encourages the prevalence of GM crops. 29 Whic
48、h of the following best describes the development of the passage? （ A） Introducing the issuedescribing the actual statusciting ways to deal with the issue offering reasons. （ B） Describing the actual statusintroducing the issueciting ways to deal with the issue offering reasons. （ C） Introducing the
49、 issueciting ways to deal with the issuedescribing the actual statusoffering reasons. （ D） Describing the actual statusoffering reasonsintroducing the issueciting ways to deal with the issue. 29 Mark Twains instructions were quite clear: his autobiography was to remain unpublished until 100 years after his death. You couldnt imagine a writer doing something like that these days. Who could resist a pay cheque in the here an
