1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 883及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you
2、 fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 How Interpreters Work? I. Understanding A. About words and expressions 【 T1】 _words may be left out: 【 T1】 _ If not knowing a key
3、word or expression, If not knowing a key word or expression, a)admit or 【 T2】 _ if necessary, with the delegates. 【 T2】 _ b)deduce from 【 T3】 _. 【 T3】 _ B. About ideas/concepts 【 T4】 _ of different kinds of texts that 【 T4】 _ a)present logical arguments b)present a sequence of 【 T5】 _ 【 T5】 _ c)are
4、descriptive, focusing on an event, a scene or a situation identification of 【 T6】 _ 【 T6】 _ analysis of ideas linked by 【 T7】 _ 【 T7】 _ II. Memorization of a speech A. Objective to create 【 T8】 _of the discourse 【 T8】 _ to link its different parts through its semantic-logical connections B. Means of
5、 memorization concentrating on the ideas connecting main ideas to a series of 【 T9】 _ 【 T9】 _ focusing on the links among the main ideas III. 【 T10】 _of the content in another language 【 T10】 _ A. Goal: make sure the audience understand the speech. B. Suggestions: enriching ones general 【 T11】 _【 T1
6、1】 _ following the press in ones native language watching TV, see movies, etc. in the 【 T12】 _language 【 T12】 _ IV. Conclusion A. Interpreting is a profession that is all about communication: “make their own speech“ 【 T13】 _the speeches they interpret 【 T13】 _ be faithful to 【 T14】 _ 【 T14】 _ as acc
7、urate as possible B. Interpreters should take advantage of all the possible 【 T15】 _ available in their working languages. 【 T15】 _ 1 【 T1】 2 【 T2】 3 【 T3】 4 【 T4】 5 【 T5】 6 【 T6】 7 【 T7】 8 【 T8】 9 【 T9】 10 【 T10】 11 【 T11】 12 【 T12】 13 【 T13】 14 【 T14】 15 【 T15】 SECTION B INTERVIEW In this section
8、you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read
9、 the four choices of A , B , C and D , and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions. （ A） He can fall asleep in the day time. （ B） He is too busy to get sleep. （ C） He has to take a nap at noon. （ D） He wakes up from time to time at
10、night. （ A） Their room is not cozy. （ B） They are busy and occupied. （ C） They have chronic disease. （ D） They take a nap after lunch. （ A） Around 24% of people understand the importance of sleep. （ B） Around 15% of people are able to fall asleep easily. （ C） Around one tenth of people have chronic
11、insomnia. （ D） Around two third of people have consulted sleep specialists. （ A） Give them a blood test. （ B） Give them a medical checkup. （ C） Keep them awake as long as possible. （ D） Find out their reason for insomnia. （ A） Lie in bed as long as possible. （ B） Take some sleeping pills to relax. （
12、 C） Stay awake as long as they can. （ D） Schedule when to be awake or asleep. （ A） Both of them need specialists advice. （ B） Both of them cost a lot of money. （ C） Neither of them can be achieved in short time. （ D） Neither of them is curable before. （ A） Medicine people with insomnia can take. （ B
13、） Tips people can use to improve their sleep. （ C） Psychological therapy used to cure sleeplessness. （ D） Interference that disturbs peoples sleep. （ A） A luxurious one. （ B） A spacious one. （ C） A multi-functional one. （ D） A comfortable one. （ A） Because its effect may linger for almost 10 hours.
14、（ B） Because it disturbs the way people feel in daytime. （ C） Because it accelerates heartbeat and respiration. （ D） Because they may want to take a nap. （ A） Napping for 2 hours is better than for 40 minutes. （ B） It does not revive you if the nap lasts too long. （ C） You should never take a nap af
15、ter lunch. （ D） The longer you sleep, the better you will feel. SECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS In this section there are several passages followed by fourteen multiple-choice questions. For each multiple-choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A , B, C and D. Choose the one tha
16、t you think is the best answer. 25 (1)This fishing village of 1,480 people is a bleak and lonely place. Set on the southwestern edge of Iceland, the volcanic landscape is whipped by the North Atlantic winds, which hush everything around them. A sculpture at the entrance to the village depicts a nake
17、d man facing a wall of seawater twice his height. There is no movie theater, and many residents never venture to the capital, a 50-min. drive away. (2)But Sandgerdi might be the perfect place to raise girls who have mathematical talent. Government researchers two years ago tested almost every 15-yea
18、r-old in Iceland for it and found that boys trailed far behind girls. That fact was unique among the 41 countries that participated in the standardized test for that age group designed by the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development. But while Icelands girls were alone in the world in th
19、eir significant lead in math, their national advantage of 15 points was small compared with the one they had over boys in fishing villages like Sandgerdi, where it was closer to 30. (3)The teachers of Sandgerdis 254 students were only mildly surprised by the results. They say the gender gap is a sto
20、ry not of talent but motivation. Boys think of school as sufferings on the way to a future of finding riches at sea; for girls, its their ticket out of town. Margret Ingporsdottir and Hanna Maria Heidarsdottir, both 15, students at Sandgerdis gleaming schoolwhich has a science laboratory, a computer
21、 room and a well-stocked libraryhave no doubt that they are headed for university. “I think I will be a pharmacist,“ says Heidarsdottir. The teens sat in principal Gudjon Kristjanssons office last week, waiting for a ride to the nearby town of Kevlavik, where they were competing in West Icelands yea
22、rly math contest, one of many throughout Iceland in which girls excel. (4)Meanwhile, by the harbor, Gisli Tor Hauksson, 14, already has big plans that dont require spending his afternoons toiling over geometry. “Ill be a fisherman,“ he says, just like most of his ancestors. His father recently retur
23、ned home from 60 days at sea off the coast of Norway. “He came back with 1.1 million krona,“ about $18,000, says Hauksson. As for school, he says, “it destroys the brain.“ He intends to quit at 16, the earliest age at which he can do so legally. “A boy sees his older brother who has been at sea for
24、only two years and has a better car and a bigger house than the headmaster,“ says Kristjansson. (5)But the story of female achievement in Iceland doesnt necessarily have a happy ending. Educators have found that when girls leave their rural enclaves to attend universities in the nations cities, thei
25、r science advantage generally shrinks. While 61% of university students are women, they make up only one-third of Icelands science students. By the time they enter the labor market, many are overtaken by men, who become doctors, engineers and computer technicians. Educators say they watch many brigh
26、t girls suddenly flinch back in the face of real, head-to-head competition with boys. In a math class at a Reykjavik school, Asgeir Gurdmundsson, 17, says that although girls were consistently brighter than boys at school, “they just seem to leave the technical jobs to us.“ Says Solrun Gensdottir, t
27、he director of education at the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture: “We have to find a way to stop girls from dropping out of sciences.“ (6)Teachers across the country have begun to experiment with ways to raise boys to the level of girls in elementary and secondary education. The high schoo
28、l in Kevlavik tried an experiment in 2002 and 2003, separating 16-to-20-year-olds by gender for two years. That time the boys slipped even further behind. “The boys said the girls were better anyway,“ says Kristjan Asmundsson, who taught the 25 boys. “They didnt even try.“ 26 Which of the following
29、word can best describe Sandgerdi? （ A） Desolate. （ B） Poor. （ C） Bustling. （ D） Thriving. 27 The fifth paragraph suggests that in the field of science _. （ A） women have advantages over men in competition （ B） women tend to be in a less embarrassing level （ C） men are playing more important roles （
30、D） men are one third less than women in number 28 Girls flinch back in the competition with boys most probably because _. （ A） they are short of confidence in themselves （ B） employers often prefer boys to take technical jobs （ C） they have poorer performance in technical jobs （ D） they are willing
31、to leave technical jobs to boys 29 Which of the following is the best title for this passage? （ A） A Village in Iceland （ B） A Land Where Girls Rule in Math （ C） Boys Cleverer Than Girls? （ D） Science Students in Sandgerdi 29 (1)Considering that anxiety makes your palms sweat, your heart race, and y
32、our brain seize up like a car with a busted transmission, its no wonder people reach for the Xanax to vanquish it. But in a surprise, researchers who study emotion regulationhow we cope, or fail to cope, with the daily swirl of feelings-are discovering that many anxious people are bound and determin
33、ed (though not always consciously)to cultivate anxiety. The reason, studies suggest, is that for some people anxiety boosts cognitive performance. (2)In one recent study, psychologist Maya Tamir of Hebrew University in Jerusalem gave 47 undergraduates a standard test of neuroticism, which asks peopl
34、e if they agree with such statements as “I get stressed out easily.“ She then presented the volunteers with a list of tasks, either difficult (giving a speech, taking a test)or easy (washing dishes), and asked which emotion they would prefer to be feeling before each. The more neurotic subjects were
35、 significantly more likely to choose feeling worried before a demanding task; non-neurotic subjects chose other emotions. Apparently, the neurotics had a good reason to opt for anxiety: when Tamir gave everyone anagrams to solve, the neurotics who had just written about an event that had caused them
36、 anxiety did better than neurotics who had recalled a happier memory. Among non-neurotics, putting themselves in an anxious frame of mind had no effect on performance. (3)In other people, anxiety is not about usefulness but familiarity, finds psychology researcher Brett Ford of the University of Den
37、ver. She measured the “trait emotions“ (feelings people tend to have most of the time)of 139 undergraduates, using a questionnaire that lists emotions and asks “to what extent you feel this way in general.“ She then grouped the students into those characterized by “trait fear“ (those who tended to b
38、e anxious, worried, or nervous), “trait anger“ (chronically angry, irritated, or annoyed), and “trait happy“ (the cheerful, joyful gang). Six months later, the volunteers returned to Fords lab. This time she gave them a list of emotions and asked which they wanted to experience. Not surprisingly, th
39、e cheerful bunch wanted to be happy. But in a shock for those who think anyone who is chronically anxious cant wait to get their hands on some Ativan (氯羟安定 ), those with “trait fear“ said they wanted to be worried and nervouseven though it felt subjectively unpleasant. (The “trait angry“ students te
40、nded to prefer feeling the same way, too.)Wanting to feel an emotion is not the same thing as enjoying that emotion, points out neuroscientist Kent Berridge of the University of Michigan, who discovered that wanting and liking are mediated by two distinct sets of neurotransmitters. (4)In some cases,
41、 the need to experience anxiety can lead to a state that looks very much like addiction to anxiety. “There are people who have extreme agitation, but they cant understand why,“ says psychiatrist Harris Stratyner of Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York. They therefore latch on to any cause to e
42、xplain what theyre feeling. That rationalization doubles back and exacerbates the anxiety. “Some people,“ he adds, “get addicted to feeling anxious because thats the state that theyve always known. If they feel a sense of calm, they get bored; they feel empty inside. They want to feel anxious.“ Noti
43、ce he didnt say “like.“ 30 Which of the following statements about the second paragraph is TRUE? （ A） The more neurotic subjects tended to choose a more challenging task. （ B） Anxiety made no impact on the performance of non-neurotic subjects. （ C） The neurotic subjects are better than non-neurotic
44、subjects on anagrams solving. （ D） The non-neurotic subjects often recall their happy memory in their daily life. 31 The sentence “anxiety is not about usefulness but familiarity“ in the third paragraph means that_. （ A） the fact that anxiety is useless is familiar to the neurotics （ B） anxiety is a
45、 psychological tendency for the neurotics （ C） it is common for people to fall victim to anxiety （ D） anxiety is a kind of pleasant feeling for the neurotics 32 Some people are addicted to anxiety because _. （ A） they consider the state of anxiety as a normal situation （ B） they enjoy being in the s
46、tate of feeling anxious （ C） they have negative attitudes towards life （ D） anxiety keeps them bored and empty inside 32 (1)A period of climate change about 130,000 years ago would have made water travel easier by lowering sea levels and creating navigable lakes and rivers in the Arabian Peninsula,
47、the study says. Such a shift would have offered early modern humanswhich arose in Africa about 200,000 years agoa new route through the formerly scorching northern deserts into the Middle East. The new paper was spurred by the discovery of several 120,000-year-old tools at a desert archaeological si
48、te in the United Arab Emirates. The presence of the toolswhose design is uniquely African, experts sayso early in the region suggests early humans marched out of Africa into the Arabian Peninsula directly from the Horn of Africa, roughly present-day Somalia. Previously, scientists had thought humans
49、 first left via the Nile Valley or the Far East. (2)“Up till now we thought of cultural developments leading to the opportunity of people to move out of Africa,“ said study co-author Hans-Peter Uerpmann, a retired archaeobiologist at the University of Tubingen in Germany. “Now we see, I think, that it was the environment that was the key to this,“ U
