1、专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 238及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s)
2、 you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 How to Choose a College? I. Student-faculty ratio The lower the ratios, the more【 T1】 _ you will get【 T1】 _ Healthy ratio is【
3、T2】 _ or lower【 T2】 _ II. Financial aid 【 T3】 _ of students receiving grant aid【 T3】 _ Average amount of grant aid 【 T4】 _ colleges are more likely to offer significant grand aid【 T4】 _ Average amount of【 T5】 _ students take【 T5】 _ Look for college where more grant aids are offered III. Internship a
4、nd research opportunities Possible opportunities a)【 T6】 _【 T6】 _ b)Independent undergraduate research funds c)【 T7】 _ from companies and organisations【 T7】 _ d)Summer work from【 T8】 _【 T8】 _ 【 T9】 _ engineering and sciences【 T9】 _ IV.【 T10】 _【 T10】 _ No need to be【 T11】 _ or gimmicky【 T11】 _ Exitin
5、g courses Reasonable core courses Strong【 T12】 _ to help with the transition【 T12】 _ Room for【 T13】 _【 T13】 _ Courses intended cover your interested area V. Clubs and activities 【 T14】 _ of the activities is unimportant【 T14】 _ Different campuses have different personalities Outside-class activities
6、 of your interests【 T15】 _ your campus life【 T15】_ 1 【 T1】 2 【 T2】 3 【 T3】 4 【 T4】 5 【 T5】 6 【 T6】 7 【 T7】 8 【 T8】 9 【 T9】 10 【 T10】 11 【 T11】 12 【 T12】 13 【 T13】 14 【 T14】 15 【 T15】 15 How to Solve Research Problems? I. 【 T1】 _【 T1】 _ Problem: hard to devise a thesis or topic Solution a)Digest your
7、 notes b)【 T2】 _ aspects of the subject that interest you【 T2】 _ c)Read researches in the same area d)Change the chosen topic if necessary e)Start with something【 T3】 _【 T3】 _ II. False start Problem: a well-begun project turns out to be【 T4】 _【 T4】 _ Solution 1 a)If time allows:【 T5】 _【 T5】 _ b)If
8、not: make different use of the same material Solution 2 a)Choose a different【 T6】 _ of the initial idea and material【 T6】 _ b)Chop out parts and replace them with new material III. Getting bogged down Problem: lost【 T7】 _ in the subject【 T7】 _ Solution a)Take a(n)【 T8】 _【 T8】 _ b)Use a different wri
9、ting strategy c)Do it from a different angle IV. Changing your title or subject Problem: repeated【 T9】 _ end up in a completely different topic【 T9】 _ Solution a)Know what you intend to do b)Think about the【 T10】 _ of new evidence【 T10】 _ c)Resist the temptation to make【 T11】 _ changes【 T11】 _ V.【 T
10、12】 _【 T12】 _ Causes a)An interesting discovery b)【 T13】 _【 T13】 _ Solution a)Create a realistic timetable or a schedule of work b)【 T14】 _【 T14】 _ c)【 T15】 _ a new cut-off date【 T15】 _ 16 【 T1】 17 【 T2】 18 【 T3】 19 【 T4】 20 【 T5】 21 【 T6】 22 【 T7】 23 【 T8】 24 【 T9】 25 【 T10】 26 【 T11】 27 【 T12】 28
11、【 T13】 29 【 T14】 30 【 T15】 专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 238答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each
12、gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 【听力原文】 How to Choose a College? Good morning, everyone. Today, we are going to talk about a very imp
13、ortant topic, especially to all of you: how to choose a college. Of course, a college can be judged by many parameters. Today, I am going to focus on a few key factors, because I think this would help you have a clearer picture. First of all, the student/faculty ratio is an important figure to consi
14、der when looking at colleges, but it is also a piece of data that is easy to misinterpret The California Institute of Technology, for example, has a 3 to 1 student/faculty ratio. This does not mean, however, that students can expect an average class size of 3. It also doesnt mean that your professor
15、s will be more interested in undergraduates than graduate students. Most of the countrys most prestigious colleges and universities have low student/faculty ratios.1The lower the ratio, the more likely it is that your professors will be able to give you personal attention. When you find a ratio over
16、 20/1, youll often discover that classes are big, the faculty are overworked, and your opportunities for one-on-one interaction with your professors are greatly diminished.2I consider a healthy ratio to be 15 to 1 or lower, although some universities deliver excellent instruction with a higher ratio
17、. Secondly, financial aids. It doesnt matter how great a college is if you cant pay for it. You wont know exactly what a school will cost until you receive your financial aid package.3However, when youre researching colleges you can easily find out what percentage of students receive grant aid as we
18、ll as what the average amount of grant aid is. Look at both public and private colleges as you compare grant aid.4Private colleges with healthy endowments are much more able to offer significant grant aid than the majority of public universities. Once grant aid is factored in, the price difference b
19、etween publics and privates shrinks considerably.5You should also look at the average amount of loans the students take out to pay for college. Keep in mind that loans can burden you for over a decade after you graduate. While loans may help you pay your tuition bill, they can make it harder for you
20、 to pay a mortgage after you graduate. The financial aid officers at a college should be working to meet you at a reasonable financial midway point you should make some sacrifices to pay for your education, but the college should help out considerably as well, assuming you qualify for aid. As you sh
21、op around for the ideal college, look for schools where the average grant aid is more than the average amount loan aid. For private colleges, the grant aid should be considerably more than loan amounts. At public colleges, the numbers might be similar. Thirdly, internship and research opportunities.
22、 When senior year of college rolls around and you start applying for jobs, nothing helps more than having some hands-on, practical experiences listed on your resume. As you choose the colleges to which youll apply, look for schools that have robust programs for experiential learning.6Does the colleg
23、e support students to assist professors with their research? Does the college have funds to support independent undergraduate research?7Has the college fostered relationships with companies and organizations to help students get meaningful summer internships?8Does the college have a strong alumni ne
24、twork to help students get summer work in their fields of study?9Realize that internships and research opportunities should not be limited to engineering and the sciences. Faculty in the humanities and arts are also likely to need research or studio assistants, so its worth asking the admissions off
25、icers about experiential learning opportunities no matter what major you are likely to pursue. 10Fourthly, engaging curriculum. Laura Reyomes drawing of a zombie class may seem far-fetched, but in truth youll find professors teaching about zombies at the University of Baltimore, University of Alabam
26、a Birmingham, Alfred University and many other campuses. When approached seriously, zombies tell us a lot about contemporary culture, and their representations in film and fiction have roots in antiquity and slavery.11A college curriculum, however, doesnt need to be trendy or gimmicky to be engaging
27、. As you look at colleges, be sure to spend time exploring the course catalogue. Are there courses offered that get you excited? Do the core courses make sense? That is, does the college present a clear rationale for its general education program?12Does the college have a strong first-year curriculu
28、m to help you make the transition to college-level coursework?13Does the curriculum leave room for taking elective courses? If you have a potential major in mind, look at the requirements for the major. Do the courses actually cover the subject areas that you want to study? You dont want to go to a
29、college for accounting only to discover that the school specializes almost entirely in marketing. Finally, clubs and activities. Most colleges flaunt the number of student groups and activities they offer.14The number, however, isnt nearly as important as the nature of those activities. Before choos
30、ing a college, make sure the school has your extracurricular interests covered. If your favourite activity is equestrian, look at colleges that have their own fields and stables. If you love playing football but arent quite NFL material, you might want to look at colleges that compete at the Divisio
31、n HI level. If debate is your thing, make sure the colleges you consider actually have a debate team. Nearly all four-year residential colleges have wide-ranging options for clubs and activities, but different campuses do have very different personalities. Youll find schools that place a lot of emph
32、asis on the performing arts, outdoor activities, intramural sports, volunteerism, or Greek life. Find schools that complement your interests.15While the curriculum may be the most important feature of a college, youll be miserable if you dont have a stimulating life outside of academics. OK I have o
33、utlined five factors of choosing your desired college. Actually, there are more to be considered, but I think we should focus on a few prioritized aspects. This will help you make the decision easily, rather than over-analyzing trivial details. 【知识模块】 听力填空 1 【正确答案】 personal attention 【试题解析】 本题考查师生比率
34、低意味着什么。讲座中提到，师生比率越低，教授给予你的个人关注可能就越多。因此。这里填的是 personal attention。 【知识模块】 听力填空 2 【正确答案】 15 to 1 【试题解析】 本题考查考生记取细节信息的能力。题目问的是怎样的师生比才合理。讲座中提到，合理的师生比率是 15比 1或更低。因此，这里填的是 15 to 1。 【知识模块】 听力填空 3 【正确答案】 Percentage 【试题解析】 讲座谈论的第二个方面是关于大学的助学金。当研究选择什么样的大学时，我们会很容易知道获得助学金的学生的比例，以及助学金的平均数额是多少。因此本题应填入 Percentage。
35、【知识模块】 听力填空 4 【正确答案】 Private 【试题解析】 讲座中说到，有良好捐赠资金的私立院校比公立的大学更有能力提供数额可观的资助。这里应填 Private。 【知识模块】 听力填空 5 【正确答案】 loans 【试题解析】 本题考 查申请大学时应关注的另一事项 loans。讲座中提到，我们应该看看大学里面学生贷款的平均数额。因此，这里填的是 loans。 【知识模块】 听力填空 6 【正确答案】 Research assistants 【试题解析】 本题考查考生概括信息的能力。题目问的是有哪些实习和研究的机会，讲座中与之对应的内容是用问题的形式罗列出来的，需要考生加以概括。
36、根据第一个问题：大学有没有支持学生协助教师做研究，此空格应概括为 Research assistants。 【知识模块】 听力填空 7 【正 确答案】 Summer internships 【试题解析】 本题与上一题是并列内容，空格对应的是讲座中的问题：学校有没有与公司、机构合作，从而为学生创造有益的暑期实习机会 ?这里填 Summer internships。 【知识模块】 听力填空 8 【正确答案】 alumni network 【试题解析】 本题同样考查可能的实习和研究机会有哪些。根据最后一个问题，学校有没有一个强大的校园网帮助学生在他们所学的领域里找到暑假工，本题应填入 alumni
37、network。 【知识模块】 听力填空 9 【正确答案】 Not limited to 【试题解析】 讲座谈到实习与研究的机会不应该仅限于工程学和科学专业。根据提纲的内容，本空应填入 Not limited to。 【知识模块】 听力填空 10 【正确答案】 Engaging curriculum 【试题解析】 本题考查讲座谈论的第四个方面 有吸引力的课程。故本题填入Engaging curriculum。 【知识模块】 听力填空 11 【正确答案】 trendy 【试题解析】 在谈到第四个点时 ，讲座先是讲了 “巫毒崇拜课程 ”的例子，然后指出大学课程设置不必太时髦 (trendy)或太哗
38、众取宠 (gimmicky)。这里填 trendy。 【知识模块】 听力填空 12 【正确答案】 first-year curriculum 【试题解析】 讲座提到，我们要看大学有没有强大的一年级课程设置，以帮助学生过渡到大学阶段的学习中。因此，这里填的是 first-year curriculum。 【知识模块】 听力填空 13 【正确答案】 taking elective courses 【试题解析】 讲座提到，大学课程的设置有没有为学生上选修课留点空余时间。因此本题填入 taking elective courses。 【知识模块】 听力填空 14 【正确答案】 The number 【
39、试题解析】 讲座提到，课外兴趣活动的数量与活动的性质相比是微不足道的。因此，这里填的是 The number。 【知识模块】 听力填空 15 【正确答案】 stimuliate 【试题解析】 讲座最后提到，如果我们没有令人振奋的课余生活，就会很痛苦。由此可知，大学的课外活动可以让 我们的生活振奋起来。本题需要联系上下文理解，并且把原文的 stimulating转化为动词。因此，这里填的是 stimulate。 【知识模块】 听力填空 15 【听力原文】 How to Solve Research Problems? Good morning, everyone. Today, we shall
40、 continue our discussion about research, particularly about how to solve research problems. As we all know, to do a research is not easy. It requires efforts, time and patience. Sometimes, however, even if we devote our heart and soul to the research, we still get stuck in somewhere in the course of
41、 research. Today, I am going to identify some typical research problems and also share with you the solutions to these problems. 1The first problem is making a start. Sometimes you spend a lot of time researching your subject, but cannot devise a thesis or a proposal. You are doing a lot of preparat
42、ory work, reading or gathering information, but you are unable to focus your ideas or come up with a topic you think will be original or fruitful. In cases like this, you can try making a digest of your notes,2or try to extract from your information those aspects of your subject which interest you m
43、ost. Have a look at some other examples of research in the same subject area. Remember that you can change your chosen topic later if necessary.3Its often better to make a start with something half-formed, rather than not make a start at all. The second problem is false start.4Sometimes a project be
44、gins well, but then gradually appears to be unsound. When inspected closely, the central idea might seem incorrect or fruitless. You might find that theres not as much information on your topic as you had first hoped. Take care! You will need to make a careful distinction between a lack of material,
45、 and just a lack of interest in it. An additional problem in such cases is that by this time, you might have produced a substantial amount of work. In this case you have two possible solutions. In the first solution, you have to look at how much time is left for you to complete the research.5If you
46、have only recently started, you could abandon your idea completely. Scrap the materials you have produced, and start work on something new. This is drastic, but better than continuing with a flawed idea The work you have abandoned might not be entirely wasted. It will have given you the experience o
47、f tackling a longer project. You will have learned something about handling more material than usual. It will also form background information for your next choice of topic. The experience of abandoning work already completed might be quite painful. Try to think of it in this positive light. In the
48、second solution,6if your first idea was not so bad, choose a different aspect of it. Try to look at the same topic or materials from a different perspective. Do all this in consultation with your tutor, so that you dont make the same mistake again. Reworking your material may involve a fresh approach, or a new analysis of the information. Alternatively, you could chop out parts and replace them with new material. Dont feel guilty about any of this drastic re-working: its quite common. The fi
